Mechanical properties of double-layered woven fabrics used in car seat upholstery

The objective of this study is to examine mechanical performance of double-layered woven fabrics used in car seat upholstery. For this purpose, 450 denier polyester yarns were supplied to produce double-layered woven fabrics. For the production of the fabrics, full weft connection, which is warp yarn of the top layer makes a connection with the weft yarn of the bottom layer, was used. To produce such a fabric, four different factors such as bottom layer pattern, number of interlacing warps in a unit report, number of interlacing picks per top warp and number of weft skips were investigated using Taguchi experimental design. After weaving stage, fabrics were stentered. Mechanical and physical properties of the fabrics were measured before and after stentering and the results were analysed with regard to Taguchi experimental analysis

The -137G/C Polymorphism in Interleukin-18 Gene Promoter Contributes to Chronic Lymphocytic and Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Risk in Turkish Patients

Objective: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 superfamily and is secreted by various immune and nonimmune cells. Evidence has shown that IL-18 has both anticancer and procancer effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between IL-18 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLL) and chronic myelogenous leukemias (CML) in Turkish patients. Materials and Methods: The frequencies of polymorphisms (rs61667799(G/T), rs5744227(C/G), rs5744228(A/G), and rs187238(G/C)) were studied in 20 CLL patients, 30 CML patients, and 30 healthy individuals. The genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analysis. Results: Significant associations were detected between the IL-18 rs187238(G/C) polymorphism and chronic leukemia. A higher prevalence of the C allele was found in CML cases with respect to controls. The GC heterozygous and CC homozygous genotypes were associated with risk of CML when compared with controls. However, prevalence of the C allele was not significantly high in CLL cases with respect to controls. There was only a significant difference between the homozygous CC genotype of CLL patients and the control group; thus, it can be concluded that the CC genotype may be associated with the risk of CLL. Based on our data, there were no significant associations between the IL-18 rs61667799(G/T), rs5744227(C/G), or rs5744228(A/G) polymorphisms and CLL or CML. Conclusions: IL-18 gene promoter rs187238(G/C) polymorphism is associated with chronic leukemia in the Turkish population. However, due to the limited number of studied patients, these are preliminary results that show the association between -137G/C polymorphism and patients (CLL and CML). Further large-scale studies combined with haplotype and expression analysis are required to validate the current findings

İnterlökin 18 Geninin Promotör Bölgesindeki -137G/C Polimorfizmi Türk Popülasyonunda Kronik Lenfositik ve Kronik Miyeloid Lösemi Riskini Arttırmaktadır

Amaç: İnterlökin-18 (İL-18), İL-1 süper ailesine ait bir sitokin olup, bağışıklık sistemine ait olan ve olmayan çeşitli hücrelerden salınmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar, İL-18'in hem anti-kanser hem de kansere öncülük eden etkilere sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kronik lenfositik lösemili (KLL) ve kronik miyeloid lösemili (KML) Türk hastalarda İL-18 gen polimorfizmleri ilişkisini değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: İL-18 polimorfizleri (rs61667799(G/T), rs5744227(C/G), rs5744228(A/G) ve rs187238(G/C)), 20 KLL ve 30 KML hasta ve 30 sağlıklı bireyde araştırılmıştır. Genotipleme, polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ve DNA dizi analizi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.Bulgular: İL-18 geninde, rs187238(G/C) polimorfizmi ile kronik lösemi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki belirlenmiştir. KML hastalarında kontrol grubuna göre, C allelinin daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Kontroller ile karşılaştırıldığında, GC heterozigot ve CC homozigot genotipleri KML hastalarında risk oluşturmaktadır. Ancak, C alleli sıklığı kontrollere göre KLL olgularında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir. KLL hastaları ve kontrol grubunun homozigot CC genotipi arasında anlamlı farklılık vardır ve bunun sonucu olarak CC genotipi, KLL hastaları için risk taşımaktadır denilebilir. Verilerimize dayanarak, KLL ve KML hastalarında, İL-18 geninde rs61667799(G/T), rs5744227(C/G) ve rs5744228(A/G) polimorfizmleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktur.Sonuç: İL-18 geninin promotor bölgesindeki rs187238(G/C) polimorfizmi Türk popülasyonunda kronik lösemi ile ilişkilidir. Ancak, yapılan bu çalışma, hasta sayısının sınırlı olması nedeniyle, -137G/C polimorfizmi ve hastalar (KLL ve KML) arasındaki ilişkiyi gösteren bir ön çalışma niteliğindedir. Mevcut bulguları doğrulamak için, haplotip ve gen ifade düzeyi analizleri ile birleştirilmiş daha geniş çaplı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardırObjective: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 superfamily and is secreted by various immune and nonimmune cells. Evidence has shown that IL-18 has both anticancer and procancer effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between IL-18 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLL) and chronic myelogenous leukemias (CML) in Turkish patients.Materials and Methods: The frequencies of polymorphisms (rs61667799(G/T), rs5744227(C/G), rs5744228(A/G), and rs187238(G/C)) were studied in 20 CLL patients, 30 CML patients, and 30 healthy individuals. The genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analysis.Results: Significant associations were detected between the IL-18 rs187238(G/C) polymorphism and chronic leukemia. A higher prevalence of the C allele was found in CML cases with respect to controls. The GC heterozygous and CC homozygous genotypes were associated with risk of CML when compared with controls. However, prevalence of the C allele was not significantly high in CLL cases with respect to controls. There was only a significant difference between the homozygous CC genotype of CLL patients and the control group; thus, it can be concluded that the CC genotype may be associated with the risk of CLL. Based on our data, there were no significant associations between the IL-18 rs61667799(G/T), rs5744227(C/G), or rs5744228(A/G) polymorphisms and CLL or CML.Conclusions: IL-18 gene promoter rs187238(G/C) polymorphism is associated with chronic leukemia in the Turkish population. However, due to the limited number of studied patients, these are preliminary results that show the association between -137G/C polymorphism and patients (CLL and CML). Further large-scale studies combined with haplotype and expression analysis are required to validate the current finding

The-137G/C Polymorphism in Interleukin-18 Gene Promoter Contributes to Chronic Lymphocytic and Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Risk in Turkish Patients

WOS: 000369120000004PubMed ID: 26376814Objective: Interleuldn-18 (IL-18) is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 superfamily and is secreted by various immune and nonimmune cells. Evidence has shown that 1L-18 has both anticancer and procancer effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between IL-18 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLL) and chronic myelogenous leukemias (CML) in Turkish patients. Materials and Methods: The frequencies of polymorphisms (rs61667799(G/T), rs5744227(C/G), rs5744228(A/G), and rs187238(G/C)) were studied in 20 CLL patients, 30 CML patients, and 30 healthy individuals. The genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analysis. Results: Significant associations were detected between the IL-18 rs187238(G/C) polymorphism and chronic leukemia. A higher prevalence of the C allele was found in CML cases with respect to controls. The GC heterozygous and CC homozygous genotypes were associated with risk of CML when compared with controls. However, prevalence of the C allele was not significantly high in CLL cases with respect to controls. There was only a significant difference between the homozygous CC genotype of CLL patients and the control group; thus, it can be concluded that the CC genotype may be associated with the risk of CLL. Based on our data, there were no significant associations between the IL-18 rs61667799(G/T), rs5744227(C/G), or rs5744228(A/G) polymorphisms and CLL or CML. Conclusions: IL-18 gene promoter rs187238(G/C) polymorphism is associated with chronic leukemia in the Turkish population. However, due to the limited number of studied patients, these are preliminary results that show the association between-137G/C polymorphism and patients (CLL and CML). Further large-scale studies combined with haplotype and expression analysis are required to validate the current findings

Association of-174G/C interleukin-6 gene polymorphism with the risk of chronic lymphocytic, chronic myelogenous and acute myelogenous leukemias in Turkish patients

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between -174G/C interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene promoter polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic (CLL), chronic myelogenous (CML) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in Turkish patients

Association of-174G/C interleukin-6 gene polymorphism with the risk of chronic lymphocytic, chronic myelogenous and acute myelogenous leukemias in Turkish patients

WOS: 000342963300029PubMed ID: 25261668Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between -174G/C interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene promoter polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic (CLL), chronic myelogenous (CML) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in Turkish patients. Methods: The frequencies of -174G/C polymorphism were studied in 23 unrelated CLL, 25 CML and 17 AML patients and 30 healthy individuals. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP method. Results: A higher prevalence of the C allele was found in CLL, CML and AML patients. However, there were no statistically significant differences regarding either the genotype or the allelic frequencies of the -174G/C polymorphism between CLL, CML and AML cases. Conclusions: These results indicate that C allele is associated with risk of CLL, CML and AML susceptibility in Turkish patients

Upregulation of multi drug resistance genes in doxorubicin resistant human acute myelogeneous leukemia cells and reversal of the resistance

The major problem in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients results from multidrug resistance to administered anticancer agents. Drug resistance proteins, MDR1 and MRP1, which work as drug efflux pumps, can mediate the multidrug resistance of human leukemia cells. In this study, the mechanisms of resistance to doxorubicin-induced cell death in human HL60 AML cells were examined. Continuous exposure of cells to step-wise increasing concentrations of doxorubicin resulted in the selection of HL60/DOX cells, which expressed about 10.7-fold resistance as compared to parental sensitive cells. The expression analyses of MRP1 and MDR1 drug efflux proteins in doxorubicin-sensitive and -resistant HL60 cells revealed that there was an upregulation of MRP1 gene in HL60/DOX cells as compared to parental sensitive cells. On the other hand, while there was no expression of MDR1 gene in parental cells, the expression of MDR1 gene was upregulated in HL60/DOX cells. HL60/DOX cells also showed cross-resistance to cytosine arabinoside (Ara-c). This resistance was reversed by a combination therapy of Ara-c and cyclosporine A. However, the expression levels of CD15 and CD16 surface markers were significantly decreased in HL60/DOX cells.DPT-07-02-K120540-1

Identification of XRCC1 Arg399Gln and XRCC3 Thr241Met Polymorphisms in a Turkish Population and Their Association with the Risk of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

DNA repair systems are essential for cellular functions. Defects due to sequence variations in DNA repair genes can lead severe failure of cell functions and causing many cancer types including leukemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between XRCC1 Arg399Gln and XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in Turkish patients. In addition, genotype distribution of these polymorphisms was compared with other populations. The frequencies of Arg399Gln and Thr241Met single nucleotide polymorphisms were studied in 25 CLL patients and 30 healthy individuals. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-RFLP method. The genotype and allele frequencies of Arg399Gln and Thr241Met polymorphisms were not statistically different between the CLL patients and control group. The allelic frequency similarities were found between Turkish and Brazilian populations for Arg399Gln polymorphism. On the other hand, similarities were found between Turkish and other Caucasian populations for Thr241Met polymorphism. Marked differences were observed between American African versus Turkish and Chinese versus Turkish populations for Arg399Gln and Thr241Met polymorphisms respectively. These results indicate that Arg399Gln and Thr241Met polymorphisms were not associated with the development of CLL in Turkish population and ethnic differences is one of the most important factor for allele frequency differences

Expression of Multidrug Resistance 1, Lung Resistance Protein and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Genes in Chronic Leukemias

One of the major problems in treatment of leukemias is multidrug resistance, which is already present at diagnosis or develops after chemotherapy. The gene expression levels of multidrug resistance resistance 1 (MDR1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and lung resistance-resistance protein (LRP) were evaluated in blood samples of 20 CLL and 24 CML patients using RT-PCR. MDR1, BCRP and LRP expression levels were detected in 65%, 20% and 45% of CLL patients, and in 54%, 37% and 25% of CML patients, respectively. 20% of CLL patients and 33% of CML patients expressed none of the genes. The other 20% of CLL patients expressed all the genes. 17% of CML patients expressed all of these genes, and two of them rapidly progressed to acute leukemia. MDR and LRP expressions seem to be frequent events in CLL and CML patients; however no conclusion can be drawn on their prognostic role and response to the treatment