36 research outputs found
Disruption of cortical integration during midazolam-induced light sedation: Effects of Midazolam-Induced Sedation on RSNs
This work examines the effect of midazolamâinduced light sedation on intrinsic functional connectivity of human brain, using a randomized, doubleâblind, placeboâcontrolled, crossâover, withinâsubject design. Fourteen healthy young subjects were enrolled and midazolam (0.03 mg/kg of the participant's body mass, to a maximum of 2.5 mg) or saline were administrated with an interval of one week. Restingâstate fMRI was conducted before and after administration for each subject. We focus on two types of networks: sensory related lowerâlevel functional networks and higherâorder functions related ones. Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to identify these restingâstate functional networks. We hypothesize that the sensory (visual, auditory, and sensorimotor) related networks will be intact under midazolamâinduced light sedation while the higherâorder (default mode, executive control, salience networks, etc.) networks will be functionally disconnected. It was found that the functional integrity of the lowerâlevel networks was maintained, while that of the higherâlevel networks was significantly disrupted by light sedation. The withinânetwork connectivity of the two types of networks was differently affected in terms of direction and extent. These findings provide direct evidence that higherâorder cognitive functions including memory, attention, executive function, and language were impaired prior to lowerâlevel sensory responses during sedation. Our result also lends support to the information integration model of consciousness. Hum Brain Mapp 36:4247â4261, 2015. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc
In extreme conditions, stay in the zone
<p>The left thalamus, MFG and insula showed increased connectivity to right hippocampus in controls after acupuncture. Left in picture is left in the brain. The color scale represents t values.</p
Designing computer-based rewards with and for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Intellectual Disability Computers in Human Behavior
<p>The acupuncture induced increased functional connectivity for the AD patients (tâ=â1.61, pâ=â0.056). There was no significant difference for healthy controls (tâ=â0.403,pâ=â0.345).</p
Silicon-Based TM0-to-TM3 Mode-Order Converter Using On-Chip Shallowly Etched Slot Metasurface
Mode-order converters drive the on-chip applications of multimode silicon photonics. Here, we propose a TM0-to-TM3 mode-order converter by leveraging a shallowly etched slot metasurface pattern atop the silicon waveguide, rather than as some previously reported TE-polarized ones. With a shallowly etched pattern on the silicon waveguide, the whole waveguide refractive index distribution and the corresponding field evolution will be changed. Through further analyses, we have found the required slot metasurface pattern for generating the TM3 mode with high conversion efficiency of 92.9% and low modal crosstalk <â19 dB in a length of 17.73 ÎŒm. Moreover, the deviceâs working bandwidth and the fabrication tolerance of the key structural parameters are analyzed in detail. With these features, such devices would be beneficial for the on-chip multimode applications such as mode-division multiplexing transmission