Effectiveness of the Problem Solving Method in Coaching Junior High School Basketball

The purpose of this study was to compare two methods of instruction in coaching selected eighth grade boys in selected basketball skills

ADJUSTABLE -TERM FINANCING OF FARM LOANS

Firm-level simulation is used to analyze farm financial performance with adjustable-rate, adjustable-term, and fixed-rate financing. Adjustable-term financing is accomplished by changing the term of the loan, instead of payment size, when interest rates change. Simulation results indicate that the adjustable-term loan is an innovation which reduces the cash flow destabilizing effects of volatile interest rates.Agricultural Finance,

COST PROJECTIONS FOR POST-CLOSURE CUSTODIAL CARE OF THE BARNWELL RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY

This document evaluates the adequacy of the Barnwell Extended Care Fund in light of the risks identified and concludes that it is sufficiently funded to cover the costs and uncertainties associated with activities planned for post-closure care of the facility. The report concludes that the fund is currently sufficiently funded to cover some but not all of the costs that might be incurred in responding to unplanned events and consequences. The document reviews background information pertinent to the post- closure monitoring and maintenance of the Barnwell low-level radioactive waste disposal facility (the Barnwell facility) and describes financial responsibility for post-closure activities

The Use of the Soil-Plant-Air-Water Model to Predict the Hydraulic Performance of Vegetative Treatment Areas for Controlling Open Feedlot Runoff

Several Iowa beef feedlots have interim, National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits for vegetative treatment systems (VTS) to control and treat feedlot runoff. In Iowa, performance of these systems is predicted for permitting purposes using either the Iowa State University-Vegetated Treatment Area (ISU-VTA) Model or the Iowa State University -Vegetated Infiltration Basin/Vegetated Treatment Area (ISU-VIB/VTA) Model. For an Iowa NPDES permit, these systems must be shown through modeling to have equal or better performance than a conventional runoff containment basin on the basis of median nutrient mass released over 25 years. Modeling is also a useful design tool for both Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) and non-CAFO sized operations wishing to utilize VTS systems. Field-scale VTS performance monitoring conducted over the past two years by ISU has shown that the current ISU models do not accurately predict actual hydraulic performance at the monitored VTSs. The ISU models are being revised to improve their performance. Along with improving the ISU-VTS model performance, other modeling alternatives are being investigated. The Soil-Plant-Air-Water (SPAW) model is one possible alternative for modeling the hydraulic performance of a VTA. For this paper, the SPAW predicted performance was compared to monitoring results at four VTAs located in Iowa. Two different methods were used to model the VTA performance, the first method utilized the field module of SPAW; this method was found to have Nash-Sutcliffe modeling efficiencies ranging from 0.16 to 0.57. At all locations, the SPAW model underestimated the amount of release that occurred from the VTAs. The second modeling method utilized the pond module of SPAW, for this method the Nash-Sutcliffe modeling efficiencies ranged from 0.26 to 0.83. Again, the SPAW model underestimated the cumulative volume of effluent released from the VTAs

Concise Syntheses of Insect Pheromones Using Z-Selective Cross Metathesis

The use of insect sex pheromones to limit specifically targeted pest populations has gained increasing popularity as a viable, safe, and environmentally friendly alternative to insecticides. While broad-spectrum insecticides are toxic compounds that have been shown to adversely affect human health,[1] extensive studies have shown that insect pheromones are nontoxic and safe for human consumption at the levels used in pest control practices.[2] Female sex pheromones are mainly employed in pest control in a process termed mating disruption. This involves dispersing pheromones over a large area, overloading the sensory organs of male insects and preventing them from locating and mating with females who are releasing a much smaller amount of the same pheromone blends; this strategy has proven to reduce specific insect populations dramatically.[3] To date, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has approved approximately twenty lepidopteran female sex pheromones as active ingredients for pest control.[2

Low Catalyst Loadings in Olefin Metathesis: Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles by Ring-Closing Metathesis

A series of ruthenium catalysts have been screened under ring-closing metathesis (RCM) conditions to produce five-, six-, and seven-membered carbamate-protected cyclic amines. Many of these catalysts demonstrated excellent RCM activity and yields with as low as 500 ppm catalyst loadings. RCM of the five-membered carbamate series could be run neat, the six-membered carbamate series could be run at 1.0 M, and the seven-membered carbamate series worked best at 0.2−0.05 M

Validation of a Low Cost Flow Measurement System for Monitoring Vegetative Treatment System Performance

In 2006, the Iowa Department of Natural Resources issued National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits to six feedlots participating in research on the use of vegetative treatment systems (VTSs) to control beef feedlot runoff. While Iowa State University monitors releases from the research portion of these sites, the producers are required to monitor releases from the non-research portions. Additionally, non-research site producers with VTSs and NPDES permits are required to monitor system releases. They are required to measure release volume and collect a sample for analysis. Automated, research oriented open channel flow measurement systems typically cost $7,500 to employ. Muhlbauer et. al (2007) developed a low cost monitoring system (LMS) designed to measure open channel flow from a VTS with a total cost of$1,600. Testing of the LMS by Muhlbauer et. al. (2007) across flow events ranging from one to six hours indicated a mean accuracy of 90.6% in comparison to a flow meter equipped ISCO 6712 portable sampler using a .46m (18”) fiberglass H-flume. Further cost reduction options for a producer include fabrication of a metal H-flume, reducing total system cost to $850. This paper compares the performance of the LMS for estimating both short and longer duration flow events and performance of the fabricated metal flume. The LMS flow measurements were compared to an ISCO 6712 portable sampler and a Krohne Optiflux 4000 flow meter in twelve field tests lasting one and six hours with an accuracy of 88.5% in comparison to the Krohne. Relative to a commercial fiberglass flume, the three fabricated flumes had a mean percent accuracy of 98%

Residual stress determination by neutron diffraction in powder bed fusion-built Alloy 718: Influence of process parameters and post-treatment

Alloy 718 is a nickel-based superalloy that is widely used as a structural material for high-temperature applications. One concern that arises when Alloy 718 is manufactured using powder bed fusion (PBF) is that residual stresses appear due to the high thermal gradients. These residual stresses can be detrimental as they can degrade mechanical properties and distort components. In this work, residual stresses in PBF built Alloy 718, using both electron and laser energy sources, were measured by neutron diffraction. The effects of process parameters and thermal post-treatments were studied. The results show that thermal post-treatments effectively reduce the residual stresses present in the material. Moreover, the material built with laser based PBF showed a higher residual stress compared to the material built with electron-beam based PBF. The scanning strategy with the lower amount of residual stresses in case of laser based PBF was the chessboard strategy compared to the bi-directional raster strategy. In addition, the influence of measured and calculated lattice spacing (d0) on the evaluated residual stresses was investigated