363 research outputs found
Widespread erosion on high plateaus during recent glaciations in Scandinavia
Glaciers create some of Earthâs steepest topography; yet, many areas that were repeatedly overridden by ice sheets in the last few million years include extensive plateaus. The distinct geomorphic contrast between plateaus and the glacial troughs that dissect them has sustained two long-held hypotheses: first, that ice sheets perform insignificant erosion beyond glacial troughs, and, second, that the plateaus represent ancient pre-glacial landforms bearing information of tectonic and geomorphic history prior to PlioceneâPleistocene global cooling (~3.5âMyr ago). Here we show that the Fennoscandian ice sheets drove widespread erosion across plateaus far beyond glacial troughs. We apply inverse modelling to 118 new cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al measurements to quantify ice sheet erosion on the plateaus fringing the Sognefjorden glacial trough in western Norway. Our findings demonstrate substantial modification of the pre-glacial landscape during the Quaternary, and that glacial erosion of plateaus is important when estimating the global sediment flux to the oceans
Return to the workforce following first hospitalization for heart failure: a Danish nationwide cohort study
Background: Return to work is important financially, as a marker of functional status and for self-esteem in patients developing chronic illness. We examined return to work after first heart failure (HF) hospitalization.
Methods: By individual-level linkage of nationwide Danish registries, we identified 21455 patients of working age (18-60 years) with a first HF hospitalization in the period of 1997-2012. Of these 11880 (55%) were in the workforce prior to HF hospitalization and comprised the study population. We applied logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) for associations between age, sex, length of hospital stay, level of education, income, comorbidity and return to work.
Results: One year after first HF hospitalization, 8040 (67.7%) returned to the workforce, 2981 (25.1%) did not, 805 (6.7%) died and 54 (0.5%) emigrated. Predictors of return to work included younger age (18-30 vs. 51-60 years, OR 3.12; 95% CI 2.42-4.03), male sex (OR 1.22 [1.18-1.34]) and level of education (long-higher vs. basic school OR 2.06 [1.63-2.60]). Conversely, hospital stay >7 days (OR 0.56 [0.51-0.62]) and comorbidity including history of stroke (OR 0.55 [0.45-0.69]), chronic kidney disease (OR 0.46 [0.36-0.59]), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 0.62 [0.52-0.75]), diabetes (OR 0.76 [0.68-0.85]) and cancer (OR 0.49 [0.40-0.61]) were all significantly associated with lower chance of return to work.
Conclusions: Patients in the workforce prior to HF hospitalization had low mortality but high risk of detachment from the workforce one year later. Young age, male sex, and higher level of education were predictors of return to work
Ischemic Stroke Severity and Mortality in Patients With and Without Atrial Fibrillation
Background Our objective was to investigate stroke severity and subsequent rate of mortality among patients with and without atrial fibrillation (AF). Contemporary data on stroke severity and prognosis in patients with AF are lacking. Methods and Results Firstâtime ischemic stroke patients from the Danish Stroke Registry (January 2005âDecember 2016) were included in an observational study. Patients with AF were matched 1:1 by sex, age, calendar year, and CHA2DS2âVASc score with patients without AF. Stroke severity was determined by the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (0â58 points). The rate of death was estimated by KaplanâMeier plots and multivariable Cox regression. Among 86Â 458 identified patients with stroke, 17Â 205 had AF. After matching, 14Â 662 patients with AF and 14Â 662 patients without AF were included (51.8% women; median age, 79.6Â years [25thâ75th percentile, 71.8â86.0]). More patients with AF had very severe stroke (0â14 points) than patients without AF (13.7% versus 7.9%, P<0.01). The absolute rates of 30âday and 1âyear mortality were significantly higher for patients with AF (12.1% and 28.4%, respectively) versus patients without AF (8.7% and 21.8%, respectively). This held true in adjusted models for 30âday mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.40 [95% CI, 1.30â1.51]). However, this association became nonsignificant when additionally adjusting for stroke severity (HR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.00â1.23]). AF was associated with a higher rate of 1âyear mortality (HR, 1.39 [95% CI, 1.32â1.46]), although it was mediated by stroke severity (HR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.09â1.23], model including stroke severity). Conclusions In a contemporary nationwide cohort of patients with ischemic stroke, patients with AF had more severe strokes and higher mortality than patients without AF. The difference in mortality was mainly driven by stroke severity
Trends in incidence, mortality, and causes of death associated with systemic sclerosis in Denmark between 1995 and 2015:a nationwide cohort study
Variables and sources. Diagnoses (ICD-8 and ICD-10) and medication (ATC, Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical) codes used. (DOCX 20 kb
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