A History of Physical Education at Eastern Michigan University

Courses in Physical education and physical exercises were offered to students in the first years of the Michigan State Normal School, but by 1894 a new gymnasium had been built and the Department of Physical Training was established. By 1896 physical training courses were required of all students regardless of major, a requirement that would remain until the 1990s. For the 140th anniversary, A History of Physical Education at Eastern Michigan University was written by Erik Pedersen who was a member of the Health, Recreation, Physical Education and Dance department faculty. One of the most comprehensive histories of any department at Eastern Michigan University, Pedersen provides a thoroughly researched account of the department, its facilities, course offerings, community reach and members of the faculty.https://commons.emich.edu/books/1012/thumbnail.jp

Mean curvature flow

Mean curvature flow is the negative gradient flow of volume, so any hypersurface flows through hypersurfaces in the direction of steepest descent for volume and eventually becomes extinct in finite time. Before it becomes extinct, topological changes can occur as it goes through singularities. If the hypersurface is in general or generic position, then we explain what singularities can occur under the flow, what the flow looks like near these singularities, and what this implies for the structure of the singular set. At the end, we will briefly discuss how one may be able to use the flow in low-dimensional topology.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant DMS 11040934)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant DMS 0906233)National Science Foundation (U.S.). Focused Research Group (Grant DMS 0854774)National Science Foundation (U.S.). Focused Research Group (Grant DMS 0853501

Estrogen Receptors are Present in Neocortical Transplants

Fetal neocortical tissue was grafted into neocortical lesion cavities made in newborn rats. After two weeks survival, in vitro binding of [3H]- estradiol to cytosolic preparations provided evidence of estrogen receptors within the transplants. The observed high levels correspond to previous work demonstrating elevated estrogen receptor levels during the first postnatal week in the rat cerebral cortex

Supershells in Metal Clusters: Self-Consistent Calculations and their Semiclassical Interpretation

To understand the electronic shell- and supershell-structure in large metal clusters we have performed self-consistent calculations in the homogeneous, spherical jellium model for a variety of different materials. A scaling analysis of the results reveals a surprisingly simple dependence of the supershells on the jellium density. It is shown how this can be understood in the framework of a periodic-orbit-expansion by analytically extending the well-known semiclassical treatment of a spherical cavity to more realistic potentials.Comment: 4 pages, revtex, 3 eps figures included, for additional information see http://radix2.mpi-stuttgart.mpg.de/koch/Diss

Prosthetic heart valve evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging

Objective: To evaluate the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluation of velocity fields downstream of prosthetic aortic valves. Furthermore, to provide comparative data from bileaflet aortic valve prostheses in vitro and in patients. Methods: A pulsatile flow loop was set up in a 7.0 Tesla MRI scanner to study fluid velocity data downstream of a 25 mm aortic bileaflet heart valve prosthesis. Three dimensional surface plots of velocity fields were displayed. In six NYHA class I patients blood velocity profiles were studied downstream of their St. Jude Medical aortic valves using a 1.5 Tesla MRI whole-body scanner. Blood velocity data were displayed as mentioned above. Results: Fluid velocity profiles obtained from in vitro studies 0.25 valve diameter downstream of the valve exhibited significant details about the cross sectional distribution of fluid velocities. This distribution completely reflected the valve design. Blood velocity profiles in humans were considerably smoother and in some cases skewed with the highest velocities toward the anterior-right ascending aortic wall. Conclusion: Display and interpretation of fluid and blood velocity data obtained downstream of prosthetic valves is feasible both in vitro and in vivo using the MRI technique. An in vitro model with a straight tube and the test valve oriented orthogonally to the long axis of the test tube does not entail fluid velocity profiles which are compatible to those obtained from humans, probably due to the much more complex human geometry, and variable alignment of the valve with the ascending aorta. With the steadily improving quality of MRI scanners this technique has significant potential for comparative in vitro and in vivo hemodynamic evaluation of heart valve

ROBUSTFISH: NEW POSSIBILITIES FOR GROWTH AND ROBUSTNESS IN ORGANIC AQUACULTURE

The aim of Robustfish project is to answer the following research questions: (1) Is it possible to select robust rainbow trout fry early in development before they enter the more cost intensive steps in the production cycle? (2) Does sustainable (non-fish based) dietary lipid sources affect stress resilience and immune-competence of the fry? (3) Related to (1) and (2): Is improved resistance to RTFS achieved? (4) How will the market respond to a significant increase in production of organic trout, i.e. consumer preferences and competiveness by companies in the value chain? RobustFish will strengthen the development of Danish organic trout production. In this respect the robustness of the fry to diseases is crucial, i.a. RTFS. The robustness of the fry seems to be related to larval developmental rate and to the dietary content of specific Ω-3 fatty acids (HUFAs). Stress and RTFS challenge tests will be performed to investigate if these two factors can be included in strategies to increase the robustness of the fry. Further, the effect of water treatments on health and welfare using approved agents (Pedersen et al., 2013) is tested. RobustFish will create growth – based on organic principles and in a balance between environment, ethics and economy. The efforts will also aim at improving the productivity of the conventional trout farming by a lower prevalence of RTFS, reduced medication and lower environmental impact. Connected to these efforts RobustFish also will provide needed knowledge about market conditions and consumer attitudes, including the competitive effect of increased production (Nielsen et al., 2007). Mapping the existing types of organic aquaculture products in European markets will pave the way for product development and increased market share

Midler til bekæmpelse af skurv i økologiske æbler

Brochuren præsenterer FØJO II projektet StopScab: Bekæmpelse af æbleskurv. I projektet afprøves potentielle alternative bekæmpelsesmidler (planteekstrakter, olier og biologiske bekæmpelsesorganismer)for deres bekæmpelseseffekt overfor æbleskurv (Venturia inaequalis) i laboratorie, vækstkammer og plantage. Udvalgte midler undersøges nærmere for deres virkemekanismer

Extensions and degenerations of spectral triples

For a unital C*-algebra A, which is equipped with a spectral triple and an extension T of A by the compacts, we construct a family of spectral triples associated to T and depending on the two positive parameters (s,t). Using Rieffel's notation of quantum Gromov-Hausdorff distance between compact quantum metric spaces it is possible to define a metric on this family of spectral triples, and we show that the distance between a pair of spectral triples varies continuously with respect to the parameters. It turns out that a spectral triple associated to the unitarization of the algebra of compact operators is obtained under the limit - in this metric - for (s,1) -> (0, 1), while the basic spectral triple, associated to A, is obtained from this family under a sort of a dual limiting process for (1, t) -> (1, 0). We show that our constructions will provide families of spectral triples for the unitarized compacts and for the Podles sphere. In the case of the compacts we investigate to which extent our proposed spectral triple satisfies Connes' 7 axioms for noncommutative geometry.Comment: 40 pages. Addedd in ver. 2: Examples for the compacts and the Podle`s sphere plus comments on the relations to matricial quantum metrics. In ver.3 the word "deformations" in the original title has changed to "degenerations" and some illustrative remarks on this aspect are adde