Desarrollo fenológico y producción de biomasa del pasto maralfalfa (Pennisetum sp.) cultivado en el sureste mexicano

Objective: with the objective of generating information in relation to the production of this pasture, in this work we have studied the phenological development and the amount of biomass produced under the conditions of the Mexican southeast. Design / Methodology / Approach: Under this premise and; by evaluating two establishment techniques (staked and crossed), different doses of nitrogen fertilization (100, 150, 200 kg/urea/ha-1) and two cutting ages (60 and 90 days). Results The results showed that statistically whatever the planting method, the fertilization dose and age of cut is equal (P> 0.05) the graphs prove that if there is a difference and very marked, the planted seed stands out with a little more production of 100 tons of biomass per hectare; with a fertilization based on 200kg/urea/ha-1. Findings / conclusions: With the sowing of maralfalfa in a staked form and the application of 200 kg of urea per ha-1, it is possible to obtain up to 10.53 ton/ha-1 of green forage.Objetivo: con el objetivo de generar información en relación a la producción de este pasto, en este trabajo se ha estudiado el desarrollo fenológico y la cantidad de biomasa producida bajo las condiciones del sureste mexicano.  Diseño/Metodología/Aproximación: Bajo esta premisa y; mediante la evaluación de dos técnicas de establecimiento (estaqueada y cruzada), diferentes dosis de fertilización nitrogenada (100, 150, 200 kg/urea/ha-1) y dos edades de corte (60 y 90 días).   Resultados: Los resultados demostraron que estadísticamente cualquiera que fuere el método de siembra, la dosis de fertilización y edad de corte es igual (P>0.05) las gráficas comprueban que si existe diferencia y muy marcada, sobresaliendo la siembra estaqueada con una producción de poco más de 100 toneladas de biomasa por hectárea; con una fertilización de 200kg de urea ha-1.  Hallazgos/conclusiones: Sobresalen por su rendimiento de forraje a los 60 dds cruzada la aplicación de 150 y 200 Kg de urea ha-1 con 8.15 y 6.17 ton/ha-1, en tanto que para la siembra estaqueada el mejor rendimiento se obtuvo con la aplicación de 100 Kg de Urea

Seed germination of four amaranth species (Amaranthus spp.)

Amaranth (Amarantus spp.) is an important species for its benefits in human and animal nutrition, therefore, the reproduction of these species is important, supported by rigorous experiments that generate quality information. Consequently, the present work aimed to determine the germination of 20 accessions of four species of Amaranthus spp. This was carried out at the Technological Institute of Chiná, Campeche, Mexico, with seeds donated by The North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station (NCRPIS), Iowa State University, from Africa, Asia, Greece, South America, USA, and Mexico. The seeds were weighed and measured, then they were sown in Petri dishes and kept in a germination chamber at 27 ºC and a relative humidity of 54 % in the dark, every 24 hours the germinated seeds were counted and removed. The analyzes were performed using the ANOVA test to identify differences in weight, length and germination between accessions. The results did not show statistical differences in seed length, between species or between accessions, with respect to weight if there were statistical differences both between species and between accessions. The results showed that A. hypochondriacus from India had the highest weight (0.00093 ± 0.000075 g). Germination did obtain statistical differences in the different evaluation times, at 24 and 48 hours, where the highest germination was in the species A. hypochondriacus and A cruentus. Therefore, it is concluded that seed germination is different in each species and accession.Amaranthus (Amaranthus spp.) is a species of great importance that benefits human and animal nutrition; therefore, its reproduction must be based on useful information obtained from rigorous experiments. Consequently, the aim of this work was to determine the germination of 20 accessions from four Amaranthus spp. The work was carried out at the Instituto Tecnológico de Chiná, Campeche, Mexico, using seeds from Africa, Asia, Greece, South America, the US, and Mexico, donated by The North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station (NCRPIS), Iowa State University. After they were weighed and measured, the seeds were placed in Petri dishes and kept in the dark inside a germination chamber, at 27 ºC and with a 54% relative humidity. Germinated seeds were counted and removed every 24 hours. The analyses were carried out using the ANOVA test in order to identify weight, length, and germination differences between accessions. The results showed no statistical differences in seed length, neither between species nor accessions; however, there were statistical differences in the weight, both between species and between accessions. A. hypochondriacus from India recorded the highest weight (0.00093 ± 0.000075 g). Regarding germination, there were statistical differences between the various evaluation periods (24 and 48 hours): the highest germination was recorded by A. hypochondriacus and A cruentus. Therefore, the following conclusion was reached: seed germination is different between species and accessions