Algebro-geometric approach in the theory of integrable hydrodynamic type systems

The algebro-geometric approach for integrability of semi-Hamiltonian hydrodynamic type systems is presented. This method is significantly simplified for so-called symmetric hydrodynamic type systems. Plenty interesting and physically motivated examples are investigated

Projective-geometric aspects of homogeneous third-order Hamiltonian operators

We investigate homogeneous third-order Hamiltonian operators of differential-geometric type. Based on the correspondence with quadratic line complexes, a complete list of such operators with n≤3 components is obtained

Hamiltonian systems of hydrodynamic type in 2 + 1 dimensions

We investigate multi-dimensional Hamiltonian systems associated with constant Poisson brackets of hydrodynamic type. A complete list of two- and three-component integrable Hamiltonians is obtained. All our examples possess dispersionless Lax pairs and an infinity of hydrodynamic reductions.Comment: 34 page

Small-Sized Holographic Devices With Polymer based Reversible Recording Medium

The principle of the photothermoplastic method of hologram recording as well as the general requirements for photothermoplastic holographic recording media based on photoconductive polymer films are considered. The holographic recording media obtained by authors based on carbazolyl- and ferrocenyl-containing oligomers doped with organic dyes are discussed Some examples of practical application of such media in holographic interferometry are demonstrated

РАЗРАБОТКА ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕСТ-СИСТЕМЫ ДЛЯ РАННЕЙ НЕИНВАЗИВНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ РАКА ПРОСТАТЫ, ОСНОВАННОЙ НА КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ДЕТЕКЦИИ МРНК ГЕНА PCA3 В ОСАДКЕ МОЧИ МЕТОДОМ ОТ-ПЦР В РЕЖИМЕ РЕАЛЬНОГО ВРЕМЕНИ

The wide introduction of prostatic specific antigen (PSA) determination into clinical practice has resulted in a larger number of prostate biopsies, while the lower age threshold for PSA has led to a larger number of unnecessary prostate biopsies. Hence, there is a need for new biomarkers that can detect prostate cancer. РCА3 is a noncoding messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that is expressed exclusively in prostate cells.  The aim of the study  has been to develop a diagnostic test system for early non-invasive detection of prostate cancer based on PCA3 mRNA levels in urine sediment using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). As part of the study, a laboratory diagnostic test system prototype has been designed, an application methodology has been developed and specificity and sensitivity data of the method has been assessed. The diagnostic system has demonstrated its ability to detect significantly elevated levels of PCA 3/ KLK 3 in samples from prostate cancer (PCa) patients compared with those from healthy men. The findings have shown relatively high diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and negative-predictive values for an early non-invasive screening of prostate cancerШирокое внедрение в клиническую практику определения содержания простатического специфического антигена (ПСА) привело к увеличению числа выполняемых биопсий простаты, а снижение порога возрастных норм ПСА — к увеличению числа неоправданных биопсий. В связи с этим возникла необходимость в новых биомаркерах рака предстательной железы. РСА3 — некодирующая мРНК, которая экспрессируется исключительно клетками предстательной железы. Целью данной работы было разработать диагностическую тест-систему для ранней неинвазивной диагностики рака простаты, основанной на количественной детекции мРНК гена РСА3 в осадке мочи методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) в режиме реального времени сопряженной с обратной транскрипцией (ОТ). В результате был создан лабораторный образец диагностической ПЦР-тест-системы и отработана методика его применения. Получены данные о специфичности и чувствительности разработанного метода. Показана способность диагностической системы выявлять значительное превышение параметра PCA3/KLK3 в образцах биоматериала, полученного от больных раком простаты, по сравнению с образцами от здоровых индивидуумов. В ходе проведенных исследований установлены достаточно высокие показатели диагностической чувствительности, специфичности и негативной предсказательной ценности для раннего неинвазивного скринингово обнаружения рака предстательной железы. 

PSR J1119-6127 and the X-ray Emission from High Magnetic Field Radio Pulsars

The existence of radio pulsars having inferred magnetic elds in the magnetar regime suggests that possible transition objects could be found in the radio pulsar population. The discovery of such an object would contribute greatly to our understanding of neutron star physics. Here we report on unusual X-ray emission detected from the radio pulsar PSR J1119-6127 using XMM-Newton. The pulsar has a characteristic age of 1,700 yrs and inferred surface dipole magnetic eld strength of 4.1x10^13 G. In the 0.5-2.0 keV range, the emission shows a single, narrow pulse with an unusually high pulsed fraction of ~70%. No pulsations are detected in the 2.0-10.0 keV range, where we derive an upper limit at the 99% level for the pulsed fraction of 28%. The pulsed emission is well described by a thermal blackbody model with a high temperature of 2.4x10^6 K. While no unambiguous signature of magnetar-like emission has been found in high-magnetic-eld radio pulsars, the X-ray characteristics of PSR J1119-6127 require alternate models from those of conventional thermal emission from neutron stars. In addition, PSR J1119-6127 is now the radio pulsar with the smallest characteristic age from which thermal X-ray emission has been detected

Pulsar-wind nebulae and magnetar outflows: observations at radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths

We review observations of several classes of neutron-star-powered outflows: pulsar-wind nebulae (PWNe) inside shell supernova remnants (SNRs), PWNe interacting directly with interstellar medium (ISM), and magnetar-powered outflows. We describe radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray observations of PWNe, focusing first on integrated spectral-energy distributions (SEDs) and global spectral properties. High-resolution X-ray imaging of PWNe shows a bewildering array of morphologies, with jets, trails, and other structures. Several of the 23 so far identified magnetars show evidence for continuous or sporadic emission of material, sometimes associated with giant flares, and a few possible "magnetar-wind nebulae" have been recently identified.Comment: 61 pages, 44 figures (reduced in quality for size reasons). Published in Space Science Reviews, "Jets and Winds in Pulsar Wind Nebulae, Gamma-ray Bursts and Blazars: Physics of Extreme Energy Release

The Relation Between the Surface Brightness and the Diameter for Galactic Supernova Remnants

In this work, we have constructed a relation between the surface brightness ($\Sigma$) and diameter (D) of Galactic C- and S-type supernova remnants (SNRs). In order to calibrate the $\Sigma$-D dependence, we have carefully examined some intrinsic (e.g. explosion energy) and extrinsic (e.g. density of the ambient medium) properties of the remnants and, taking into account also the distance values given in the literature, we have adopted distances for some of the SNRs which have relatively more reliable distance values. These calibrator SNRs are all C- and S-type SNRs, i.e. F-type SNRs (and S-type SNR Cas A which has an exceptionally high surface brightness) are excluded. The Sigma-D relation has 2 slopes with a turning point at D=36.5 pc: $\Sigma$(at 1 GHz)=8.4$^{+19.5}_{-6.3}$$\times10^{-12}$ D$^{{-5.99}^{+0.38}_{-0.33}}$ Wm$^{-2}$Hz$^{-1}$ster$^{-1}$ (for $\Sigma$$\le3.7\times10^{-21}$ Wm$^{-2}$Hz$^{-1}$ster$^{-1}$ and D$\ge$36.5 pc) and $\Sigma$(at 1 GHz)=2.7$^{+2.1}_{-1.4}$$\times$ 10$^{-17}$ D$^{{-2.47}^{+0.20}_{-0.16}}$ Wm$^{-2}$Hz$^{-1}$ster$^{-1}$ (for $\Sigma$$>3.7\times10^{-21}$ Wm$^{-2}$Hz$^{-1}$ster$^{-1}$ and D$<$36.5 pc). We discussed the theoretical basis for the $\Sigma$-D dependence and particularly the reasons for the change in slope of the relation were stated. Added to this, we have shown the dependence between the radio luminosity and the diameter which seems to have a slope close to zero up to about D=36.5 pc. We have also adopted distance and diameter values for all of the observed Galactic SNRs by examining all the available distance values presented in the literature together with the distances found from our $\Sigma$-D relation.Comment: 45 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomical and Astrophysical Transaction

Poetry and politics: Russian Cases

Taking the Platonic idiosyncrasy towards poetry and the State (‘Republic’) as its dialectical departure point, the substance andmatter of the volume encompasses several characteristic case studies which appear to be highly relevant in this context. This collection deals with the oeuvre of such iconic Russian poets as Velimir Khlebnikov, Vladimir Maiakovskii, Daniil Kharms, Dmitrii Prigov, Arkadii Dragomoschenko and many others. Special attention is paid to the general issue of ideology and the Russian Avant-Garde pragmatics of shocking action related to Futurism and early Soviet culture.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe