4 research outputs found

    ΠšΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π° ΠΈ аллСргия. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ аллСргичСских Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ

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    Intestinal microbiota is the factor that identifies considerably the human health. The impact of the microbial factor on a child begins long before his birth. Children have certain features in forming of immune response and intestinal microbiocenosis even before birth. Decline in diversity of intestinal microbiota is common in children with allergic disease even during first months of life, before allergic pathology development. Capabilities for microbiota development adjustment are sufficiently restricted. However it is clinically proven that early (within the first hours of life) breastfeeding attachment, breastfeeding itself within at least first 6 months of life, the use of prebiotics in milk formulas as well as the use of probiotics can give positive results on allergy management. In this review we present results of recent metaanalyses and consensus papers of international medical communities about use of probiotics and prebiotics in prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. Despite great scientific and practical interest to this topic, authors of metaanalyses bring our attention to the lack of evidence-based clinical trials.ΠœΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π° ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° являСтся Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ, Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ стСпСни ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡŒΠ΅ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ВоздСйствиС Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° начинаСтся Π·Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ роТдСния, ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ особСнности формирования ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ роТдСния. Для Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ с аллСргичСскими заболСваниями Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ сниТСниС разнообразия ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ мСсяцы ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ β€” Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Π΄ΠΎ развития аллСргичСской ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. ВозмоТности ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ процСсс формирования ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ достаточно ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ (Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… часов ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ) ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈ, Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ вскармливаниС Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… 6 мСс ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ, использованиС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² составС дСтских ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… смСсСй, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² с Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ эффСкты Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°Π»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π³ΠΈΠΈ. Π’ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ послСдних ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… мСдицинских сообщСств Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ возмоТности использования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ аллСргичСских Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. НСсмотря Π½Π° большой Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈ практичСский интСрСс ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° нСдостаточноС количСство клиничСских исслСдований, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с соблюдСниСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹

    Π”ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… мСсяцСв ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ формирования Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ

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    The article describes the modern views on the relationship between altered development of gut microbiota in infants and the risk of developing atopic diseases (atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma). The studies of genetic susceptibility to atopy and the influence of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of gene expression responsible for the hyperproduction of immunoglobulin E are discussed. The characteristics of the microbiota of infants with already developed atopic diseases and children at risk of atopy are analyzed. In infants who subsequently developed atopy, the composition of gut microbiota at the birth is characterized by a reduced abundance of bifidobacteriaΒ  and high content of potentially pathogenic microorganisms.Β  The triggering role of active metabolites of altered microbiota on the differentiation of T-regulatoryΒ  cells has been established.Β  A preventive effect of optimal breastfeeding has been confirmed: meta-analyzes of recent studies indicate a link between the duration of breastfeedingΒ  and a decrease in the frequency of bronchial asthma. The microbiota of breast milk contributes to the proper development of the infant’s microbiota, determines its diversity and immunomodulating action. On the basis of the conducted research, methods of targeted correction of the intestinal microbiota in children with risk of atopy can be developed.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹Β  соврСмСнныС взгляды  Π½Π° связь формирования  ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ  Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ с риском развития атопичСских Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ (атопичСского Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π° ΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ астмы). ΠžΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ исслСдования  гСнСтичСской  прСдрасполоТСнности ΠΊ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ влияния эпигСнСтичСских  Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²Β  Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΡΡ†ΠΈΡŽ экспрСссии Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², отвСтствСнных Π·Π° Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Β  класса Π•. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹Β  характСристики ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†Π΅Π² с ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ атопичСскими заболСваниями ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ риска ΠΏΠΎ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π£ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ, впослСдствии  ΡΡ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡŽ, состав ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈΒ  характСризуСтся сниТСнным содСрТаниСм Π±ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ высоким β€” условно-ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ². УстановлСна триггСрная Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² трансформации Π’-рСгуляторных ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ. ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° прСвСнтивная  Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΒ  Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ  Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ  вскармливания:Β  ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ‹Β  исслСдований  послСдних Π»Π΅Ρ‚Β  ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚Β  ΠΎ связи ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ  вскармливания  со сниТСниСм  частоты Π±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ астмы. ΠœΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π° Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ° способствуСт Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†Π°, опрСдСляСт Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ дСйствиС. На основС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ риска ΠΏΠΎ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ

    Intestinal Microbiota and Allergy. Probiotics and Prebiotics in Prevention and Treatment of Allergic Diseases

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    Intestinal microbiota is the factor that identifies considerably the human health. The impact of the microbial factor on a child begins long before his birth. Children have certain features in forming of immune response and intestinal microbiocenosis even before birth. Decline in diversity of intestinal microbiota is common in children with allergic disease even during first months of life, before allergic pathology development. Capabilities for microbiota development adjustment are sufficiently restricted. However it is clinically proven that early (within the first hours of life) breastfeeding attachment, breastfeeding itself within at least first 6 months of life, the use of prebiotics in milk formulas as well as the use of probiotics can give positive results on allergy management. In this review we present results of recent metaanalyses and consensus papers of international medical communities about use of probiotics and prebiotics in prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. Despite great scientific and practical interest to this topic, authors of metaanalyses bring our attention to the lack of evidence-based clinical trials

    Gut microbiota dysontogeniya in infants as a factor in the development of atopy

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    The article describes the modern views on the relationship between altered development of gut microbiota in infants and the risk of developing atopic diseases (atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma). The studies of genetic susceptibility to atopy and the influence of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of gene expression responsible for the hyperproduction of immunoglobulin E are discussed. The characteristics of the microbiota of infants with already developed atopic diseases and children at risk of atopy are analyzed. In infants who subsequently developed atopy, the composition of gut microbiota at the birth is characterized by a reduced abundance of bifidobacteriaΒ  and high content of potentially pathogenic microorganisms.Β  The triggering role of active metabolites of altered microbiota on the differentiation of T-regulatoryΒ  cells has been established.Β  A preventive effect of optimal breastfeeding has been confirmed: meta-analyzes of recent studies indicate a link between the duration of breastfeedingΒ  and a decrease in the frequency of bronchial asthma. The microbiota of breast milk contributes to the proper development of the infant’s microbiota, determines its diversity and immunomodulating action. On the basis of the conducted research, methods of targeted correction of the intestinal microbiota in children with risk of atopy can be developed
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