Biodegradacja mieszaniny lotnych związków organicznych (LZO) w kompaktowym bioreaktorze trójfazowym (KBT) oraz wstępne badania korozji materiałowej w środowisku reakcji

Praca zawiera artykuły w języku angielskim. Pełne teksty dołączonych do pracy publikacji autorki, wg załączonej listy, dostępne są lokalnie w sieci bibliotek Uniwersytetu Śląskiego: http://www.bc.us.edu.pl/publication/23902Modern civilization is confronted with a worldwide rise of atmospheric pollution due to the expansion of industrial and agricultural areas as well as urban settlements. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and inorganic odorous compounds (VICs) pose hazards to the global ecosystem, health of human beings and plants vegetation forming a significant part of indoors/outdoors pollution created by gases emitted from certain solids or liquids. The biopurification of the off-gases containing low concentration of volatile (in)organic compounds is gaining particular attention due to high cost-effectiveness (low investment and operating expenses), treatment efficiency and environmental acceptability as odorant removal/cleaning procedures are based on the natural ability of microorganisms to degrade odorous/toxic contaminants from industrial/municipal airstreams and operate in the mild conditions (at around ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure). The principal objective of the experiments was to specify operating boundaries of parameters governing the reactor execution at which the sampled microorganisms are most effective in decomposing and deodorization of gaseous streams containing styrene, ethanol and dimethyl sulfide mixture. We studied the efficiency of pollutant biodegradation at changing variable conditions of bioreactor operation especially at dynamic variations of pollutant load. The sulfur-containing derivatives and their metabolites, regarded as ‘old devils of green’chemistry, constitute a relevant class of air/water/soil contaminants in over-polluted world). In fact, some industrially-engineered solvents have become environmentally unfavorable. Growing public awareness of the need for environmental protection is the major driving force behind more rigorous regulations concerning release of hazardous pollutants and reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) as well. An attractive alternative to commonly used industrial liquids is sulfolane (C4H8SO2), an anthropogenic medium. Under standard conditions sulfolane is not aggressive towards steel, but at higher temperatures and in oxygen, water, or chlorides presence, it can be decomposed into some corrosive (by-) products with generation of SO2 and subsequent formation of corrosive H2SO3. In particular, a comprehensive evaluation of the aqueous phase impact on general and localized corrosion of AISI 1010 and AISI 304L steel in sulfolane is presented. The main objective of the presented case study was to verify applicability of industrial, multi-electrochemical technique for reliable detection of corrosion in low conductive process fluids. Several aspects of corrosion measurement including the impact of process parameters (temperature) and impurities (oxygen and chlorides) on AISI 304L steel corrosion in pure sulfolane were investigated briefly. Assessment of corrosive damage on AISI 1010 steel was carried out using an open circuit potential method, potentiodynamic polarization curves, SEM/EDS and scanning Kelvin probe technique

Biodegradation of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) using the Compact Trickle Bed Bioreactor (CTBB)

tekst w j. pol. i ang.W przeprowadzonym eksperymencie biodegradacji poddana została mieszanina LZO, która składała się ze styrenu, etanolu oraz siarczku dimetylu. Wybrane LZO są powszechnie spotykane w wielu gałęziach przemysłu farmaceutycznego lub medycznego (alkohol etylowy), przemysłu chemicznego lub petrochemicznego (styren) oraz w oczyszczalni ścieków (siarczek dimetylu). W celu obliczenia wydajności procesu biodegradacji wyrażanego współczynnikiem konwersji (K) w funkcji wybranych parametrów pracy bioreaktora KBT (przepływu gazu, cieczy, stężenia wlotowego badanej mieszaniny) wykonano systematyczne badania empiryczne polegające na monitorowaniu stężenia mieszaniny LZO w strumieniu wlotowym i wylotowym bioreaktora KBT

Temperature‐Related Corrosion Resistance of AISI 1010 Carbon Steel in Sulfolane

Sulfolane-induced corrosion can lead to severe impairment in industrial systems. Therefore, determination of solvent corrosivity is valid. Under standard conditions, pure sulfolane is considered to be thermally stable and chemically inert, hence non-aggressive towards carbon/stainless steel. Unfortunately, the sulfolane-evoked corrosion of the industrial installations is observed for sulfolane-based systems polluted by small quantities of oxygen, water and some oxidizing agents. Moreover, sulfolane decomposition with formation of corrosive (by-) products can be escalated by some process parameters, e.g., temperature. The main objective of this study was to determine the corrosion resistance of AISI 1010 steel immersed in sulfolane at temperatures ranging from 25 to 230 °C. Evaluation of the corrosion damage was carried out using electrochemical techniques and scanning probe/electron microscopy, respectively. The general corrosion tendency, corrosion rate and surface corrosion degree were taken into account as well. It was noticed that the corrosion rate linearly increases with the enhancement of sulfolane temperature. Moreover, the interfacial reaction of steel with sulfolane resulted in the formation of corrosion product layer, which is a physical barrier between the corrosive environment and steel improving corrosion resistance of the latter. In fact, the increment of the sulfolane temperature caused a gradual breakdown of the protective layer and the increase in the corrosion degree of the investigated steel. Finally, it was found that the corrosion degree doubles approximately every 42 °C

Sulfolane: Magic Extractor or Bad Actor? Pilot-Scale Study on Solvent Corrosion Potential

The sulfur-containing derivatives and their metabolites, regarded as ‘old devils of green’ chemistry, constitute a relevant class of air/water/soil contaminants in over-polluted world. In fact, some industrially-engineered solvents have become environmentally unfavorable. An attractive alternative to commonly used industrial liquids is sulfolane (C4H8SO2), an anthropogenic medium. The main objective of this paper is the comprehensive review focusing mainly on the state-of-the-art aspects of the sulfolane synthesis, application of sulfolane as an extractive solvent due to its ‘unique’ physicochemical properties as well as the potential of sulfolane to cause equipment corrosion and subsequent spills. The potential risk for groundwater contamination, danger for human health and ways of sulfolane biodegradation were briefly reviewed as well. Interestingly, the analysis performed on data stored in the Reaxys database revealed an alternating tendency of waxing and waning interest in sulfolane during the space of the last fifty years. Moreover, the primary goal of the presented case study was to verify applicability of industrial, multi-electrochemical technique for reliable detection of corrosion in low conductive process fluids. Several aspects of corrosion measurement including the impact of process parameters (temperature) and impurities (oxygen and chlorides) on stainless steel corrosion in pure sulfolane were investigated briefly

Methotrexate and cytarabine - loaded nanocarriers for multidrug cancer therapy : spectroscopic study

Determining the properties of nanoparticles obtained by novel methods and defining the scope of their application as drug carriers has important practical significance. This article presents the pioneering studies concerning high degree incorporation of cytarabine (AraC) and methotrexate (MTX) into liposome vesicles. The main focus of this study were cytarabine-methotrexate-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) interactions observed in the gel and fluid phases of DPPC bilayers. The proposed new method of use the Transmittance2919/2850 ratio presented in our research is sensitive to subtle changes in conformational order resulting from rotations, kinks and bends of the lipid chains. The transition temperatures characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were consistent with the results obtained by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used in order to determine the size and shape of the liposomes obtained. The mutual interactions occurring between the drugs studied and the phospholipids were analyzed using the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)

Water-induced corrosion damage of carbon steel in sulfolane

Sulfolane in contact with water and oxygen forms acidic (by-) products that are major factors in accelerating the corrosion of carbon/stainless steel. In consequence, water-induced corrosion damage can be a serious problem in industrial systems. Hence, the determination of the corrosion resistance of AISI 1010 steel immersed in sulfolane containing 0 to 6 vol.% water was the principal objective of the study. Evaluation of the corrosion resistance of steel electrodes was performed using a potentiodynamic technique and scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. It was observed that the corrosion products layer that formed on the surface of AISI 1010 steel partially protects it against corrosion in sulfolane with a water concentration in the range from 1 vol.% to 4 vol.%. Interestingly, amounts of water above 4 vol.% cause a break-down of the corrosion products layer and deteriorate the corrosion resistance of AISI 1010 steel as well. Moreover, the relationship between the fractal dimension, corrosion degree of the steel surface and water concentration in sulfolane was investigated. The fractal dimension was determined using 2D grayscale images of AISI 1010 steel registered through a scanning electron microscope. It was noticed that both the fractal dimension and the corrosion degree rose with the increased water concentration in sulfolane

Real-time corrosion monitoring of AISI 1010 carbon steel with metal surface mapping in sulfolane

Solvents are widely used in organic synthesis. Sulfolane is a five-membered heterocyclic organosulfur sulfone (R-SO2-R’, where R/R’ is alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl) and an anthropogenic medium commonly used as industrial extractive solvent in the liquid-liquid and liquid-vapor extraction processes. Under standard conditions sulfolane is not aggressive towards steel, but at higher temperatures and in oxygen, water, or chlorides presence, it can be decomposed into some corrosive (by-)products with generation of SO2 and subsequent formation of corrosive H2SO3. This pilot-case study provides data from laboratory measurements performed in low conductivity sulfolane-based fluids using an industrial multi-electrochemical technique for reliable detection of corrosion processes. In particular, a comprehensive evaluation of the aqueous phase impact on general and localized corrosion of AISI 1010 carbon steel in sulfolane is presented. Assessment of corrosive damage was carried out using an open circuit potential method, potentiodynamic polarization curves, SEM/EDS and scanning Kelvin probe technique. It was found that an increase in the water content (1–3 vol.%) in sulfolane causes a decrease in the corrosion resistance of AISI 1010 carbon steel on both uniform and pitting corrosion due to higher conductance of the sulfolane-based fluids

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts. June 4-7, 2019, Szczyrk, Polan

Methotrexate and Cytarabine—Loaded Nanocarriers for Multidrug Cancer Therapy. Spectroscopic Study

Determining the properties of nanoparticles obtained by novel methods and defining the scope of their application as drug carriers has important practical significance. This article presents the pioneering studies concerning high degree incorporation of cytarabine (AraC) and methotrexate (MTX) into liposome vesicles. The main focus of this study were cytarabine-methotrexate-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) interactions observed in the gel and fluid phases of DPPC bilayers. The proposed new method of use the Transmittance2919/2850 ratio presented in our research is sensitive to subtle changes in conformational order resulting from rotations, kinks and bends of the lipid chains. The transition temperatures characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were consistent with the results obtained by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used in order to determine the size and shape of the liposomes obtained. The mutual interactions occurring between the drugs studied and the phospholipids were analyzed using the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)