Additional file 1: of Evaluation of the impact of disease prevention measures: a methodological note on defining incidence rates

“Time not at risk” and its approximation. Derivation of the equations for approximating time not at risk. (DOCX 33 kb

Protective efficacy of individual IPT doses against clinical malaria.

<p>Protective efficacy against first-or-only episode of clinical malaria (history of fever or temperature ≥37.5°C plus malaria parasites detected on a blood smear) by week since treatment for IPTi doses 2, 3 & 4. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. The y-axis is truncated at −100 for IPT2 and IPT3, and at −150 for IPT4. No children given SP had malaria during week 2 after IPT4.</p

Effect of parasitaemia on protective efficacy following IPT.

<p>Protective efficacy against clinical malaria (history of fever or temperature ≥37.5°C plus malaria parasites detected on a blood smear) with time in children aparasitaemic (A) and parasitaemic (B) at time of IPT. Error bars indicate 95% CIs. PE estimates are for all IPT doses combined; all episodes that occurred before two years of age after an IPT dose at which a blood slide was taken were included. No long term protection was observed; for brevity estimates are presented up to twenty weeks following treatment. Incidence in weeks 13–16 and 17–20 was aggregated; data points are shown at the midpoint of each interval. For clarity of presentation the y-axis is truncated at −100%.</p

Protective efficacy of individual IPT doses against clinical malaria.

<p>Protective efficacy against first-or-only episode of clinical malaria (history of fever or temperature ≥37.5°C plus malaria parasites detected on a blood smear) by week since treatment for IPTi doses 2, 3 & 4.</p>*<p>No children given SP had malaria during week 2 after IPT4.</p

Protective efficacy of IPT against high parasite density malaria.

<p>Protective efficacy of IPTi by week since treatment against high parasite density malaria (clinical malaria with parasite density ≥5000/µl). Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. PE estimates are for all IPT doses combined; all episodes that occurred before two years of age were included in the analysis. No long term protection was observed; for brevity estimates are presented up to twenty weeks following treatment. Incidence in weeks 13–16 and 17–20 was aggregated; data points are shown at the midpoint of each interval.</p

Protective efficacy of IPT against clinical malaria.

<p>Protective efficacy of IPTi by week since treatment against clinical malaria (history of fever or temperature ≥37.5°C plus malaria parasites detected on a blood smear). Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. PE estimates are for all IPT doses combined; all episodes that occurred before two years of age were included in the analysis. No long term protection was observed; for brevity estimates are presented up to twenty weeks following treatment. Incidence in weeks 13–16 and 17–20 was aggregated; data points are shown at the midpoint of each interval.</p

Protective efficacy of IPT against anaemia.

<p>Protective efficacy of IPTi by week since treatment against anaemia (packed cell volume <24%). Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. PE estimates are for all IPT doses combined; all episodes that occurred before two years of age were included in the analysis. No long term protection was observed; for brevity estimates are presented up to twenty weeks following treatment. Weeks were aggregated as 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7–8, 9–10, 11–12, 13–16 & 17–20 weeks since treatment; data points are shown at the midpoint of each interval. The y-axis is truncated at −100, for full data see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0002227#pone-0002227-t002" target="_blank">table 2</a>.</p

Kaplan-Meier failure plots for individual IPT doses.

<p>Kaplan-Meier plots showing cumulative proportion of children with a malaria episode following IPT doses 1–4. Numbers below x-axis labels indicate number of children remaining in follow-up at that time point.</p

ACT one An algebraic specification language with two levels of semantics

SIGLEDEGerman

Cohort study of the association of antibody levels to AMA1, MSP1, MSP3 and GLURP with protection from clinical malaria in Ghanaian children-0

rate) is shown as a line graph.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Cohort study of the association of antibody levels to AMA1, MSP1, MSP3 and GLURP with protection from clinical malaria in Ghanaian children"</p><p>http://www.malariajournal.com/content/7/1/142</p><p>Malaria Journal 2008;7():142-142.</p><p>Published online 29 Jul 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2529305.</p><p></p