HIV incidence and sex at each study site.

<p>*Cases per 100 person-years (95% CI). Stratified by sex only when the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05)</p><p>For more details, see [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0134438#pone.0134438.ref015" target="_blank">15</a>]</p><p>HIV incidence and sex at each study site.</p

Demographic characteristics of the suspected transmitting partners of incident cases reported to be in HIV discordant couple relationships.

<p>* Data or sample not available from one or both volunteers</p><p>** Transmitting partner reports use of antiretroviral therapy, EDI: Estimated date of infection in the incident case</p><p>°An additional 6 volunteers reported being on ART at or around the time of the transmission event, however their viral load was too low to sequence for linkage analysis</p><p>^▪ Comparing linked vs. unlinked across volunteer characteristic</p><p>^▪▪ Divorced, separated or widowed</p><p>Demographic characteristics of the suspected transmitting partners of incident cases reported to be in HIV discordant couple relationships.</p

First available CD4 count in 272 linked transmitting partners following HIV transmission. Vertical dashed line shows the analysis cut point of 90 days post EDI.

<p>First available CD4 count in 272 linked transmitting partners following HIV transmission. Vertical dashed line shows the analysis cut point of 90 days post EDI.</p

HIV prevalence and multivariate predictors of prevalent HIV infection in Masaka, Kilifi and Nairobi.

<p>PR: Prevalence Ratio, CI: Confidence Interval, ref: reference group, NA: data were not collected at this CRC, NS: data were not significant predictors of prevalent HIV in multivariate modeling</p><p>^* In Masaka condom use was measured with the question: Have you and your partner ever used a condom (yes/no), and if so, how often do you use a condom (Always, more than half of the time, about half of the time, rarely or less than half of the time)? In Kilifi: In the past 12 months, have you used a condom never, sometimes or always during sex? In Kangemi: Have you used a condom before (yes/no)?</p><p>^** Due to collinearity in the covariates, model failed to converge with discharge and ulcers considered together</p><p>^*** In Kangemi, all volunteers were sexually active, but not all volunteers were sexually active in the past 7 days</p><p>HIV prevalence and multivariate predictors of prevalent HIV infection in Masaka, Kilifi and Nairobi.</p

HIV incidence stratified by duration of time in study follow up, and (where data were available) by study year.

<p>^* Comparing HIV incidence in the first three months to HIV incidence in subsequent months of follow up and HIV incidence in the first set of calendar years indicated to the subsequent set of years, where data were available</p><p>^** First return visit for this cohort was at six months post enrollment</p><p>HIV incidence stratified by duration of time in study follow up, and (where data were available) by study year.</p

Enrollment and HIV incidence among at-risk volunteers enrolled for HIV prevention preparatory studies stratified by CRC and, where appropriate, sex.

<p>^* IAVI support initiated in 2004</p><p>^** p value for the incident rate ratio calculator comparing HIV incidence by sex, where study populations are stratified by sex</p><p>^*** For additional details on recruitment, demographics, follow up and earlier reports of HIV incidence. With the exception of Feldblum 2012, all the data above and in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0116100#pone.0116100.t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a> represents new analyses and additional follow up time.</p><p>^▪ Cohort enrollment currently open</p><p>^▪▪ Recruited women from 16 years old; the only cohort to recruit <18 year olds</p><p>^∞ HIV positive partner in the DC cohort is on ART, too few to analyze by volunteer sex (87 negative men, 65 women)</p><p>PY: Person years, IQR: Interquartile range, CI: Confidence Interval, CRC: Clinical Research Center, DC: Discordant Couple (reported sex applies to enrolled HIV uninfected volunteers, HIV infected volunteers were all ART-naive except where noted), NA: reference not available, data not previously published</p><p>Enrollment and HIV incidence among at-risk volunteers enrolled for HIV prevention preparatory studies stratified by CRC and, where appropriate, sex.</p

Number of volunteers with HIV sequence data who enrolled with their suspected partner and were epidemiologically linked.

<p>RC: Research Center</p><p>^*Fisher’s exact test</p><p>Number of volunteers with HIV sequence data who enrolled with their suspected partner and were epidemiologically linked.</p