ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF ALPINIA CONCHIGERA GRIFF (FAMILY: ZINGIBERACEAE)

oai:ojs.www.ajphsci.com:article/15The antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of Alpinia conchigera Griff was evaluated by the disc diffusion method against eleven pathogenic bacteria using ciprofloxacin as standards. In the screening, the methanol extract of Alpinia conchigera Griff showed varying degrees of antibacterial activitiy with zone of inhibition ranging from 8.0-24.5 mm, while the highest antibacterial activity was seen against with Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi & Salmonella paratyphi.The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of the methanol extracts was found to be 31.25-125 μg/ml for bacteria species used in the screening.

3×4 exploring metaspace platforms for inclusive future cities

3×4 contributed to our social imaginary by providing a platform to see informal settlements differently, disrupting common perceptions through artistic performance. By connecting public audiences in Delhi and London, it opened opportunities for citizens to participate in their city and practice new ways of seeing

A retrospective study on maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancy requiring DJ stent and PCN during pregnancy

Background: Gestational hydronephrosis (GH) is result of dilatation effect of the progesterone and mechanical compression of the gravid uterus. Management during pregnancy is challenging as routine radiological investigations and surgical treatments cannot be applied due to the potential harm to the fetus. Intervention is indicated in women who fail to respond to conservative management. Acute hydronephrosis and renal colic are common etiologies for loin pain, and can lead to severe form of urinary tract infection affecting perinatal outcome. Ureteric stenting and percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) during pregnancy are safe, requiring no intra-operative imaging, and inserted under local anaesthesia. It provides good symptom relief, low complication rate, efficient and safe modality for women with refractory symptoms.Methods: A retrospective study of pregnant women admitted under obstetric units with acute hydronephrosis requiring DJ stenting and/or PCN. Aim was to evaluate the course and pregnancy outcomes in a tertiary center of Southern India over a period of five years.Results: Descriptive statistical analysis was done in 12 women with acute hydronephrosis in pregnancy. 66.7% were nulliparous and mean gestational age at admission was 31 weeks. Diagnosis was done by USG. One-fourth had pyelonephritis and calculus being the main pathology (n=9;75%).Women requiring DJ stent and PCN were 41.6% and 58.4% respectively. 41.7% had preterm labour. 66.7% delivered vaginally, birth weight was more than 2.5kg in 50%.Conclusions: Maternal and neonatal outcome mainly depends on the early diagnosis. In this study we emphasize on the importance of multidisciplinary team approach in the management of women with acute hydronephrosis. DJ stent and PCN are efficient and safe modalities in women with refractory symptoms

Algorithm Selection Framework for Cyber Attack Detection

The number of cyber threats against both wired and wireless computer systems and other components of the Internet of Things continues to increase annually. In this work, an algorithm selection framework is employed on the NSL-KDD data set and a novel paradigm of machine learning taxonomy is presented. The framework uses a combination of user input and meta-features to select the best algorithm to detect cyber attacks on a network. Performance is compared between a rule-of-thumb strategy and a meta-learning strategy. The framework removes the conjecture of the common trial-and-error algorithm selection method. The framework recommends five algorithms from the taxonomy. Both strategies recommend a high-performing algorithm, though not the best performing. The work demonstrates the close connectedness between algorithm selection and the taxonomy for which it is premised.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted to WiseML '2

Precolonized Human Commensal \u3cem\u3eEscherichia coli\u3c/em\u3e Strains Serve as a Barrier to \u3cem\u3eE. coli\u3c/em\u3e O157:H7 Growth in the Streptomycin-Treated Mouse Intestine

Different Escherichia coli strains generally have the same metabolic capacity for growth on sugars in vitro, but they appear to use different sugars in the streptomycin-treated mouse intestine (Fabich et al., Infect. Immun. 76:1143-1152, 2008). Here, mice were precolonized with any of three human commensal strains (E. coli MG1655, E. coli HS, or E. coli Nissle 1917) and 10 days later were fed 105 CFU of the same strains. While each precolonized strain nearly eliminated its isogenic strain, confirming that colonization resistance can be modeled in mice, each allowed growth of the other commensal strains to higher numbers, consistent with different commensal E. coli strains using different nutrients in the intestine. Mice were also precolonized with any of five commensal E. coli strains for 10 days and then were fed 105 CFU of E. coli EDL933, an O157:H7 pathogen. E. coli Nissle 1917 and E. coli EFC1 limited growth of E. coli EDL933 in the intestine (103 to 104 CFU/gram of feces), whereas E. coli MG1655, E. coli HS, and E. coli EFC2 allowed growth to higher numbers (106 to 107 CFU/gram of feces). Importantly, when E. coli EDL933 was fed to mice previously co-colonized with three E. coli strains (MG1655, HS, and Nissle 1917), it was eliminated from the intestine (/gram of feces). These results confirm that commensal E. coli strains can provide a barrier to infection and suggest that it may be possible to construct E. coli probiotic strains that prevent growth of pathogenic E. coli strains in the intestine