Clinical and paraclinical features of 6975 illness episodes.

<p>*only 1582 records with pulse oxymetry measured.</p><p>**only 5644 records with Hb measured.</p

Kaplan–Meier estimates of the proportion of patients with mild pneumonia (3a), mild malaria (3b) or gastroenteritis (3c) re-attending the clinics within 14 days whether they received antibiotics (red line) or not (blue line).

<p>Kaplan–Meier estimates of the proportion of patients with mild pneumonia (3a), mild malaria (3b) or gastroenteritis (3c) re-attending the clinics within 14 days whether they received antibiotics (red line) or not (blue line).</p

Definition of diseases (including the use of RDT for malaria).

<p>Definition of diseases (including the use of RDT for malaria).</p

Appropriateness of antibiotics’ use according to the IMCI recommendations.

<p>Appropriateness of antibiotics’ use according to the IMCI recommendations.</p

Demographic, clinical and parasitological characteristics of study participants.

<p>Demographic, clinical and parasitological characteristics of study participants.</p

Multivariate predictors of <i>P</i>. <i>vivax</i> parasite prevalence and proportion gametocyte positive.

<p>aOR = adjusted odds ratio (adjusted for multivariate analysis), CI = confidence interval</p><p>¹ Increase in the probability that gametocytes are detected in a <i>P</i>. <i>vivax</i> positive sample, if the parasite density increases 10-fold</p><p>Multivariate predictors of <i>P</i>. <i>vivax</i> parasite prevalence and proportion gametocyte positive.</p

<i>pvs25</i> transcript numbers versus light microscopically determined <i>P</i>. <i>vivax</i> gametocyte counts.

<p>Dilution series were made before storing samples in RNAprotect (5 dilution steps) or after RNA extraction of samples stored in TRIzol (3 dilution steps). Dots represent means of technical triplicates (TRIzol) or quintuplicates (RNAprotect) of dilutions except for the highest concentration (no replicates). Shaded grey shows the CI₉₅ of the intercept of the regression of compiled sample sets.</p

Determinants of <i>P</i>. <i>falciparum</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>vivax</i> gametocyte density.

<p>GMD = geometric mean density, β = regression coefficient, CI = confidence interval</p><p>Determinants of <i>P</i>. <i>falciparum</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>vivax</i> gametocyte density.</p

Relationship between parasite density and probability that a sample is gametocyte positive.

<p>Left: Probability (with CI₉₅) that a sample is gametocyte positive vs. parasite density, calculated using a general additive model. Right: correlation between gametocyte density (measured as <i>pfs25</i> or <i>pvs25</i> transcripts/uL) and parasite density by qPCR.</p

Age trends in <i>P</i>. <i>falciparum</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>vivax</i> blood-stage and gametocyte prevalence and density.

<p>Error bars represent CI₉₅.</p