Indigenous home remedies as applied in Shirpur Taluka of Dhule district (Maharashtra) India

The authors investigated Shirpur taluka of Dhule District (Maharashtra) for indigenous home remedies used to combat various human afflictions. Botanicals used in cuisine and commonly grown in homestead gardens are documented for their utilities especially against common afflictions. This paper includes information on 21 species belonging to 21 genera and 15 families of angiosperms. The medicinal recipes are in the form of decoction, infusion, extract, juice, oil, powder, paste and ash. Domestic substances are also added while preparing recipes. Raw parts or cooked ones are also employed in few cases. They are administered to benefit in about 17 different human afflictions. The medicines consist usually of sole drug, except few. Botanicals commonly used as spices, edibles and locally religious or ornamental ones also find place in the local remedies. Majority of them are under cultivation, while few others are purchased from markets. This paper highlights secondary applications of these botanicals, although they are employed principally for other purposes. The veracity of these indigenous drugs is desirable for further scientific examination

Diversity of Fresh Water Hyphomycetes from Buldhana District (M.S.), India

The present study deals with five species of freshwater hyphomycetes collected in foam samples from Purna river of Bhuldhana District. All the five species are being reported for the first time form Bhuldhana District.---1Shri V. S. Naik Arts, Commerce & Science College, Raver District- Jalgaon. 425508 (M.S.), India2D. A.G.D. Bendale Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Jalgoan (M.S.), India  ---Please Cite This Article As: L. C. Nemade, V. R. Patil, M.S. Patil and S.A. Chaudhari. 2010. Diversity of Fresh Water Hyphomycetes from Buldhana District (M.S.), India. J. Ecobiotechnol. 2(6):17-20. Â

Antimicrobial evaluation of some synthesized Flavone derivative compounds

The antibacterial evaluation of flavone derivative compounds was done against pathogenic micro-organisms. For the antibacterial activity against, four human pathogens namely, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris and Escherichia coli and one plant pathogen, Pseudomonas auroginosa were selected. Antibacterial activity was tested by well method. Most of these compounds showed antibacterial activity against these selected pathogenic microorganisms. The MIC (Minimal Inhibition Concentration) of the flavones derivative was also tested against the above pathogens. The antifungal activity of flavones derivative were tested against four pathogenic fungi namely Alternaria sp. and Helminthosporium sp., Aspergilus niger and A. flavus. The antifungal activity was tested by well method. Most of these compounds showed antifungal activity.Keywords: Flavones, Antibacterial, Antifunga

Diversity and Concerns of Indian Medicinal Plants: A Scenario

The paper highlights current status of knowledge on Indian medicinal plant species used in organized systems of medicine, ethnomedicine and modern medicine. It reviews all-pervasive concern of medicinal plants including role of institutions, organizations, government bodies, rules enforced by them, difficulties in field studies, etc. Current needs to reach sustainable development and their conservation are put together pertinently revealing the state of art of Indian medicinal plants. This review will help guide others interested in medicinal plant research, apart from ecologist, traders and industrialists

Effect of physical and chemical mutagens on soybean

Two varieties of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merill) viz., JS-335 and PKV-1 were treated with various doses of physical (gamma rays) and chemical (EMS) mutagens. A dose dependent decrease was noticed in most of the characters like plant survival germination. The maximum reduction was found in higher doses of mutagens in both the cultivars, while increased pollen sterility was associated with the corresponding increase in doses of mutagens. Results indicated that higher doses were more effective in all the three generations (M1, M2, and M3). However the M1 showed more pronounced reduction in germination and survival than M2 and M3. The increase in pollen sterility was more in cv. PKV-1 indicating its more sensitivity as compared to cv. JS-335

Production and Purification of Pectinase by Soil Isolate Penicillium Sp and Search for Better Agro-Residue for its SSF

Pectinase producing microorganisms were isolated from pectin industry waste using selective isolation technique. Among them, a potential culture was identified on morphological basis as Penicillium sp. It was found to produce significant amount of extracellular pectinase under submerged fermentation process. The type of enzyme produced was subsequently identified as polygalacturonase (PG). On partial optimization, culture showed maximum enzyme production at 35 oC in a medium having pH 6.0 containing 1.5% pectin on 72 h of incubation. The PG produced by the isolate was further purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, size exclusion and ion exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of purified enzyme was determined to be 35 kDa by SDS-PAGE. Under optimized conditions, purified PG showed 98.66 U/ml activity which was almost 12 fold higher than crude. In view of cost effective pectinase production, substrate optimization using solid state fermentation was carried out amongst which orange bagasse gave 64.50 U/gm PG activity which was higher than other natural substrates

Alterations in the Biochemical Content in the Foot of a Freshwater Snail, Indoplanorbis exustus Exposed to Heavy Metals

On exposure to sub lethal concentration (0.1 ppm) of Mercuric chloride & (2.00 ppm) of Zinc sulphate for 1, 7 & 14 days, Indoplanorbis exustus showed significant decrease in the level of glycogen, significant rise in the level of protein & in-significant decline in the level of lipids. The effect was more pronounced in Mercuric chloride exposure than Zinc sulphate exposure

Bio-activity of Algae Belonging to Bhusawal region, Maharashtra

Three algal species; Spirogyra (A), Chara (B) and Cladophora (C) were isolated from Tapi river near Bhusawal (M.S.). These algae were tested in compliance with the agar well diffusion method for their antibacterial and antifungal agent production on various organisms that incite diseases to human and plants (Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Asperigillus niger and Candida albicans). The bioactive metabolites are extracted by using diethyl ether, butanol, acetone and methanol. It was found that; sample A had the highest bioactivity towards the tested bacteria. Algae are found to be rich source nutrients like carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Thus they act as growth promoting substance for fungi like Candia albicans and Asperigillus niger. From tested algae B has highest growth promoting ability for fungi Candia albicans and Asperigillus niger

Biodiversity of Freshwater Mitosporic Fungi from Dhule District (M.S.), India

Five species belonging to two genera of Hyphomycetes were isolated from foam samples and submerged leaves collected from the river Panzara in Dhule district. Flabellospora acuminata Descals and Webster is being reported for the first time from India. While Flabellospora crassa Alasoadura and Flabellospora multiradiata Nawawi are being reported for the first from Maharashtra state. ---1P. G. Department of Botany, S.S.V.P.S.L.Kr.Dr.P.R. Ghogrey, Science College, Dhule (M.S.), India2Shri V. S. Naik Arts, Commerce & Science College, Raver District- Jalgaon. 425508 (M.S.), India ---Please Cite This Article As: S. Y. Patil, V. R. Patil and L. C. Nemade. 2010. Biodiversity of Freshwater Mitosporic Fungi from Dhule District (M.S.), India. J. Ecobiotechnol. 2(6):25-28. Â

Aquatic fungi from Buldhana district

Present paper deals with five species of freshwater hyphomycetes belonging to five genera were isolated from foam samples collected from the river Purna of Buldhana District. Two species viz. Dendrosporomyces prolifer Nawawi, Webster and Davey and Varicosporium scoparium Roldan and Honrubia are being reported for the first time from India. One species viz. Wiesneromyces laurinus (Tassi) Kirk is being reported for the first time form Maharashtra state. Two species viz. Isthmotricladia laeensis Matsushima and Speropsis pedatospora Tubaki are being reported for the first time from Buldhana District. Brief notes and illustration are given for each taxon. Geographical distribution of each species in India is also provided