A novel fluorescent "turn-on" chemosensor for nanomolar detection of Fe(III) from aqueous solution and its application in living cells imaging

An electronically active and spectral sensitive fluorescent “turn-on” chemosensor (BTP-1) based on the benzo-thiazolo-pyrimidine unit was designed and synthesized for the highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe³⁺ from aqueous medium. With Fe³⁺, the sensor BTP-1 showed a remarkable fluorescence enhancement at 554 nm (λex=314 nm) due to the inhibition of photo-induced electron transfer. The sensor formed a host-guest complex in 1:1 stoichiometry with the detection limit down to 0.74 nM. Further, the sensor was successfully utilized for the qualitative and quantitative intracellular detection of Fe³⁺ in two liver cell lines i.e., HepG2 cells (human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line) and HL-7701 cells (human normal liver cell line) by a confocal imaging technique

Length-weight relationship and condition factor of freshwater crab Barytelphusa gurini, (Decapoda, Brachyura).

The length-weight relationship and condition factor of Barytelphusagurini was studies. The exponent ‘b’, value for males 2.83 and for females it is2.03, and combined crabs is 2.35. Growth generally shows negative allometry in all crabs. The condition factor (K) for male is 0.000802, for female is 0.000669 and for combined sexes is 0.000214. The regression revealed high correlation andthe coefficient of determination (r2) for male is 97.8%, in female it is 98.6%, which is very close to 1, and in combined crabs it is 93.7%

Polymer reinforced aerogels and composites A. Polyimide crosslinked aerogels B. Silica-polymethylmethacrylate composites

Crosslinking of aerogels is a promising approach to combine the advantages of inorganic and polymeric materials. In the present study, two types of polyimide-silica hybrid aerogels, APTES-BTDA-MDA (mol ratio: 2:2:1) and APTES-BTDA-MDA (mol ratio: 2:3:2), were synthesized using a sol-gel process followed by heating in order to imidize the polyamic acid that is formed quickly and is covalently bonded to silica. The hybrid aerogels were made using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) endcapped polyamic acids and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) as precursors. Polyimide crosslinked aerogels were characterized by TGA, SEM, FT-IR, BET, solid state NMR and gas pycnometry. These hybrid aerogels exhibit high thermal stability and have potential applications in thermal insulation. Silica-polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) composites have been synthesized by in situ polymerization of methylmethacrylate (MMA) in the microstructure of silica gels by using an alkoxy derivative of 2,2 \u27-azo-bis (isobutyronitrile) already bonded to silica. Composites with three different silica contents were synthesized and their thermal and mechanical properties were compared to neat PMMA and a composite prepared via mechanical dispersion of sol-gel silica nanoparticles in PMMA. Silica-PMMA composites were characterized by TGA, FT-IR, compression testing and solid state NMR. The PMMA composites exhibited considerable rise in thermal decomposition temperatures as compared to neat PMMA --Abstract, page iv

Towards Differential Query Services in Taken a toll Efficient Clouds

Cloud computing as a developing innovation pattern is relied upon to reshape the advances in data innovation. In a cost efficient cloud environment, a client can endure a sure level of postponement while recovering data from the cloud to lessen costs. In this paper, we address two key issues in such a domain: privacy and efficiency. We first audit a private magic word based record recovery plot that was initially proposed by Ostrovsky. Their plan permits a client to recover documents of enthusiasm from an un trusted server without releasing any data. The fundamental downside is that it will bring about a substantial questioning overhead brought about on the cloud, and along these lines conflicts with the first aim of expense effectiveness. In this paper, we display a plan, efficient information retrieval for ranked query (EIRQ), in view of a Aggregation and distribution layer (ADL), to lessen questioning overhead brought about on the cloud. In EIRQ, queries are arranged into different positions, where a higher positioned query can recover a higher rate of coordinated records. A client can recover documents on interest by picking quires of diverse positions. This element is valuable when there are an extensive number of coordinated documents, yet the client just needs a little subset of them. Under diverse parameter settings, broad assessments have been led on both scientific models and on a genuine cloud environment, keeping in mind the end goal to look at the viability of our plans

Encapsulation of water insoluble drugs in mesoporous silica nanoparticles using supercritical carbon dioxide

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM – 41 were synthesized with two dimensional hexagonal p6mm symmetry, high specific surface area(~ 980m2/g) narrow pore size and an average particle size of 186 nm. The produced nanoparticles were used to encapsulate carbamazepine through a supercritical carbon dioxide process combined with various organic solvents. Supercritical processing was found to provide increased drug encapsulation. The loaded MCM - 41 nanoparticles were analyzed using X–ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to investigate the crystalline state of the encapsulated carbamazepine and it was found to be dependent on the nature of the organic solvent. Carbamazepine showed increased dissolution rates under sink conditions. Viability studies of Caco – 2 cells demonstrated negligible cytotoxicity for the MCM–41 nanoparticles

Brown adipose tissue in the buccal fat pad during infancy.

BackgroundThe buccal fat pad (BFP) is an encapsulated mass of adipose tissue thought to enhance the sucking capabilities of the masticatory muscles during infancy. To date, no conclusive evidence has been provided as to the composition of the BFP in early postnatal life.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine whether the BFP of neonates and infants is primarily composed of white adipose tissue (WAT) or brown adipose tissue (BAT).Materials and methodsThe percentage of fat in the BFP in 32 full-term infants (16 boys and 16 girls), aged one day to 10.6 months, was measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) determinations of fat fraction.ResultsBFP fat fraction increased with age (r = 0.67; P<.0001) and neonates had significantly lower values when compared to older infants; 72.6 ± 9.6 vs. 91.8 ± 2.4, P<.0001. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the age-dependent relationship persisted after accounting for gender, gestational age, and weight percentile (P = .001). Two subjects (aged one and six days) depicted a change in the MRI characteristics of the BFP from primarily BAT to WAT at follow-up examinations two to six weeks later, respectively. Histological post-mortem studies of a 3 day and 1.1 month old revealed predominantly BAT and WAT in the BFP, respectively.ConclusionThe BFP is primarily composed of BAT during the first weeks of life, but of WAT thereafter. Studies are needed to investigate the contributions of BAT in the BFP to infant feeding and how it is altered by postnatal nutrition

Processing of Sorghum From Different Varieties and Hybrids for Semolina and Their Products

The present study was undertaken with the objective to standardise procedures for preparation of semolina (rava) from sorghum, to identify the best genotype for preparation of semolina and to study the nutritional quality parameters of semolina. For processing of sorghum, ten varieties and five hybrids were used for preparation of semolina and their products. A process has been standardized for semolina preparation using ultra grinding mill from sorghum grain. The semolina yield ranged from 46.51% to 54.29%. Hybrid CSH-15R gave the highest yield of semolina (54.29%). Starch content in semolina ranged from 59.93% to 66.43%. The new genotypes Phule Vasudha, Phule Yashoda and M 35-1 showed higher levels of starch content as compared to the other genotypes. The Phule Vasudha and Selection-3 showed higher levels of total soluble sugars in grains, as well as in semolina than the other genotypes. Phule Maulee gave higher level of crude fibre content (3.12%). The amino acid profile of sorghum grain and semolina showed very minor differences in the content due to the processing of sorghum grains into various products like semolina. The new genotypes of rabi sorghum showed comparable results for the mineral with that of hybrids. The organoleptic properties of the sweet (shira), upama and idali prepared from semolina were judged on the basis of colour, texture and appearance, flavour, taste and overall acceptability of the products using semi-trained judges and 1 to 9 hedonic scales. All products prepared from semolina were like very much and gave highest rating of more than 8 hedonic scales. While considering the yield of semolina from sorghum grains as well as their nutritional composition and organoleptic properties of the niche products (shira, upama, idali) prepared from them, the varieties Phule Vasudha and Phule Yashoda were the best one as compared to the other varieties and hybrids and overall varieties were better than the hybrids

Agro-waste valorization for sustainable economy of sugar mills in India

Indian sugar mills produce a large volume of agro-waste sugar cane bagasse (SCB), which, due to its improper use, causes environmental issues. Contrastingly, the valorization of SCB by integrating advanced technologies for biochemical production can alleviate waste disposal problems, enhance resource utilization, and promote a circular economy. The present review explores recent advances in SCB-derived valuable biochemicals such as bioethanol, biogas, xylitol, carboxylic acids, 2,3-butanediol, and furfural using advanced pretreatment techniques and engineered strains. Furthermore, it discusses the challenges and opportunities in bio-chemical production, the economic and environmental assessment, and the implications of the Government of India’s (GOI) valuable schemes for agro-waste valorization