Drug utilization study of antihypertensive drugs in hypertensive diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Diabetes along with hypertension is a very common ailment afflicting millions of people worldwide. The socio-economic stress caused by the morbidity and mortality associated with it is mind boggling. Hence, this study was undertaken to study the utilization of antihypertensive drugs in hypertensive diabetic patients.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 100 hypertensive diabetic patients aged between 18 and 90 years of either gender attending Basaveshwar Teaching and General Hospital, Kalaburagi. The data collected were statistically analyzed and presented as counts and percentages.Results: In our study, we found that majority (63%) were male patients and majority belonged to 51-70 years age group. The majority of the patients were prescribed angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) alone (19%), followed by a combination of ACEIs and calcium channel blockers (9%). The generic prescribing was only 23%, and patient’s knowledge of correct dosage was 64%.Conclusion: In this study, it has been observed that the antihypertensives drugs were prescribed rationally, but the generic prescribing was only 23% which is inappropriate prescribing behavior. Hence, physicians should be educated to prescribe drugs in the generic name so that the cost of drugs is reduced

Cost-Effective 1T-MoS2 Grown on Graphite Cathode Materials for High-Temperature Rechargeable Aluminum Ion Batteries and Hydrogen Evolution in Water Splitting

The high dependence on and high cost of lithium has led to a search for alternative materials. Aluminum ion batteries (AIBs) have gained interest due to their abundance, low cost, and high capacity. However, the use of the expensive 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIC) electrolyte in AIBs curtails its wide application. Recently, high-temperature batteries have also gained much attention owing to their high demand by industries. Herein, we introduce cost-effective 1T molybdenum sulfide grown on SP-1 graphite powder (1T-MoS2/SP-1) as a cathode material for high-temperature AIBs using the AlCl3-urea eutectic electrolyte (1T-MoS2/SP-1–urea system). The AIB using the 1T-MoS2/SP-1–urea system exhibited a capacity as high as 200 mAh/g with high efficiency of 99% over 100 cycles at 60 °C when cycled at the rate of 100 mA/g. However, the AIB displayed a capacity of 105 mAh/g when cycled at room temperature. The enhanced performance of the 1T-MoS2/SP-1–urea system is attributed to reduced viscosity of the AlCl3-urea eutectic electrolyte at higher temperatures with high compatibility of 1T-MoS2 with SP-1. Moreover, the electrocatalytic lithiation of 1T-MoS2 and its effect on the hydrogen evolution reaction were also investigated. We believe that our work can act as a beacon for finding alternative, cost-effective, and high-temperature batteries

Composition of MoO2 Nanoparticles with RGO Sheets as Improved Lithium Ion Battery Anode

Though molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) has attractive properties, conductivity is still threat to its implementation as it is very low compared to graphite. Herein, we have come up with MoO2-rGO nanocomposite to mitigate this drawback, where nano sized MoO2 particles have been synthesised and supported with graphene sheets. Several physicochemical characterization techniques have been used to confirm the desired state of the obtained material. In this report, rGO supported MoO2 nanoparticles have been investigated as an anode for lithium ion battery and its electrochemical properties have been extensively studied. The new architecture exhibits excellent electrochemical performance by delivering a high discharge capacity of 1205 mA h g(-1) even after 100 cycles. It also exhibits good rate capability by delivering discharge capacities of 809, 753, 675 mA h g(-1) at current rates of 1 C, 3 C and 5 C, respectively

High capacity MoO3/rGO nanocomposite anode for lithium ion batteries: an intuition into the conversion mechanism of MoO3

MoO3 is a potential anode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high theoretical capacity (1117 mA h g(-1)). The major hurdles in realizing this high capacity are its low conductivity and large volume variations during intercalation/de-intercalation processes. To mitigate these shortcomings, we have synthesized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) wrapped MoO3 nanoparticles (NPs). This involves the synthesis of MoO3 NPs as the first step and then subjecting the synthesized MoO3 NPs to hydrothermal treatment along with graphene oxide (GO) sheets to form rGO wrapped MoO3 NPs. Electrochemical impedance spectra show that a 13% MoO3/rGO nanocomposite has the least conductive resistance among the different nanocomposites. Several physicochemical characterization techniques have been used to confirm the desired state of the obtained material. Ex-XRD studies were carried out to inspect the mechanism of MoO3 and found that it initially follows a simple lithiation/delithiation mechanism and later it adopts a conversion mechanism. The new architecture exhibits an excellent electrochemical performance by displaying a high first specific discharge capacity value (984 mA h g(-1)) and remarkable stability (901 mA h g(-1) even after 100 cycles)

Observation of oscillation phenomena in heavy meson systems

We report on the recent observation of certain 'matter–antimatter' oscillations in neutral meson systems, which have long been theoretically predicted, but whose experimental verification has remained a great challenge. These are the $D^0-\bar{D^0}$ -oscillations discovered by the BABAR and BELLE Collaborations at the PEP-II and KEK-B facilities in the USA and Japan respectively, and the $B^0_s-\bar{B^0_s}$ oscillations discovered by the CDF Collaboration at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, USA a little earlier