Manipulation of tomato ripening using 1-methylcyclopropene

1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) strongly inhibits ethylene (C2H4) action in less mature tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruits, and that control by 1-MCP over C2H4 action limits its commercial use. Our first objective was to determine whether ripening in less mature fruits could be reinitiated by exposure to C2H4 when tomatoes were treated previously with 1-MCP. A second objective was to determine the concentrations of 1-MCP that could be used commercially to retard ripening in tomatoes at less mature stages. For the reinitiation experiments, tomato fruits at the turning stage were treated with 0, 25, 50, 100, 150, or 200 nL·L−1 of 1-MCP. These fruits subsequently were exposed to 100 [mu]L·L−1 of C2H4 on day 3 or day 4 after treatment with 1-MCP. To determine the appropriate low 1-MCP concentrations that may be used without subsequent C2H4 treatment, fruits in the turning stage were treated with 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, or 200 nL·L−1 of 1-MCP, and fruits in the pink stage were treated with 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, or 400 nL·L−1 of 1-MCP. Ethylene treatment on day 3 or day 4 could not reinitiate ripening in turning stage tomato fruits previously treated with any of the 1-MCP concentrations. In tomatoes treated only with lower 1-MCP concentrations, the rate at which ripening proceeded depended upon the 1-MCP concentration and the stage of ripeness at the time of treatment. Arrival at the full red stage of ripening in turning fruits was delayed by 48 h when fruits were treated with 25 nL·L−1 of 1-MCP, 72 h when treated with 50 nL·L−1, and 96 h when treated with 75 nL·L−1, when compared with the control. Ripening of pink fruits was delayed by 24, 48, and 96 h with 50, 100, and 200 nL·L−1 of 1-MCP, respectively, as compared with the control. Tomato ripening could not be reinitiated, but it could be delayed by using lower 1-MCP concentrations that depended upon the stage of ripeness at treatment. This research benefits tomato wholesalers and retailers because they can use 1-MCP to adjust supply and demand cycles. Use of 1-MCP also will reduce losses caused by fluctuating market conditions and during transportation to distant markets

The ACROBAT 2022 Challenge: Automatic Registration Of Breast Cancer Tissue

The alignment of tissue between histopathological whole-slide-images (WSI) is crucial for research and clinical applications. Advances in computing, deep learning, and availability of large WSI datasets have revolutionised WSI analysis. Therefore, the current state-of-the-art in WSI registration is unclear. To address this, we conducted the ACROBAT challenge, based on the largest WSI registration dataset to date, including 4,212 WSIs from 1,152 breast cancer patients. The challenge objective was to align WSIs of tissue that was stained with routine diagnostic immunohistochemistry to its H&E-stained counterpart. We compare the performance of eight WSI registration algorithms, including an investigation of the impact of different WSI properties and clinical covariates. We find that conceptually distinct WSI registration methods can lead to highly accurate registration performances and identify covariates that impact performances across methods. These results establish the current state-of-the-art in WSI registration and guide researchers in selecting and developing methods

PANC Study (Pancreatitis: A National Cohort Study): national cohort study examining the first 30 days from presentation of acute pancreatitis in the UK

Abstract Background Acute pancreatitis is a common, yet complex, emergency surgical presentation. Multiple guidelines exist and management can vary significantly. The aim of this first UK, multicentre, prospective cohort study was to assess the variation in management of acute pancreatitis to guide resource planning and optimize treatment. Methods All patients aged greater than or equal to 18 years presenting with acute pancreatitis, as per the Atlanta criteria, from March to April 2021 were eligible for inclusion and followed up for 30 days. Anonymized data were uploaded to a secure electronic database in line with local governance approvals. Results A total of 113 hospitals contributed data on 2580 patients, with an equal sex distribution and a mean age of 57 years. The aetiology was gallstones in 50.6 per cent, with idiopathic the next most common (22.4 per cent). In addition to the 7.6 per cent with a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis, 20.1 per cent of patients had a previous episode of acute pancreatitis. One in 20 patients were classed as having severe pancreatitis, as per the Atlanta criteria. The overall mortality rate was 2.3 per cent at 30 days, but rose to one in three in the severe group. Predictors of death included male sex, increased age, and frailty; previous acute pancreatitis and gallstones as aetiologies were protective. Smoking status and body mass index did not affect death. Conclusion Most patients presenting with acute pancreatitis have a mild, self-limiting disease. Rates of patients with idiopathic pancreatitis are high. Recurrent attacks of pancreatitis are common, but are likely to have reduced risk of death on subsequent admissions. </jats:sec

Prevention of recurrence and relapse of tinea incognito W.S.R. to Dadru

Introduction: Fungal infections are the most common infection of skin in India. Recurrence and relapse are very common. Incomplete treatment and use of steroid is responsible for resistant Tinea incognito. Main Clinical Finding: A female patient of 23-year-old had erythematous papulo-vesicular lesions over the right underarm and inguinal region from the last 1 year. History of temporary relief due to modern medicine with relapse was observed. Striae marks were evident over thighs indicating skin atrophy. Diagnosis: Patient was diagnosed with Tinea incognito (Ayurvedic diagnosis Dadru with Dooshivisha as a causative factor). Interventions: Patient was successfully managed with Dooshivishahara and Rakta Prasadak Chikitsa. Outcome: Improvement was evident after 3 weeks of therapy. No recurrence was reported till date. Conclusions: Ayurvedic approach to Tinea incognito not only helps to reduce relapse and recurrence but also physical discomfort and financial burden on patient

Preventive effect of Polyherbal mixture against Rifampicin and Pylorus ligation-Induced Gastric Ulcers and liver necrosis in Rats

Antitubercular drug is produced hepatotoxicity is major drawback of an effective treatment of treatment of tuberculosis. In this paper we review the incidence, pathology and clinical features of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity, discuss the metabolism and mechanisms of toxicity of Rifampicin, and describe risk factors and management of antituberculosis drug induced hepatotoxicity, the antiulcer activity was assessed by determining and comparing the ulcer index in the test drug groups with that of the vehicle control and standard Omeprazole. In case of pylorus ligation induced ulcers, the polyherbal mixture showed significant reduction of ulcers in a dose dependent manner. The parameters taken to assess antiulcer activity were % inhibition ulcer index. The results indicated that polyherbal mixture significantly (p&lt;0.001) decreased the % inhibition ulcer index as well as hepatoregenrative action

Preventive effect of Polyherbal mixture against Rifampicin and Pylorus ligation-Induced Gastric Ulcers and liver necrosis in Rats

Antitubercular drug is produced hepatotoxicity is major drawback of an effective treatment of treatment of tuberculosis. In this paper we review the incidence, pathology and clinical features of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity, discuss the metabolism and mechanisms of toxicity of Rifampicin, and describe risk factors and management of antituberculosis drug induced hepatotoxicity, the antiulcer activity was assessed by determining and comparing the ulcer index in the test drug groups with that of the vehicle control and standard Omeprazole. In case of pylorus ligation induced ulcers, the polyherbal mixture showed significant reduction of ulcers in a dose dependent manner. The parameters taken to assess antiulcer activity were % inhibition ulcer index. The results indicated that polyherbal mixture significantly (p&lt;0.001) decreased the % inhibition ulcer index as well as hepatoregenrative action

Additional information on the threatened Cryptocoryne cognata Schott (Araceae): A need for reassessment of the IUCN Red List status

Cryptocoryne cognata Schott is a threatened species distributed in the entire Konkan stretch covering Goa, Karnataka and Maharashtra. It was rediscovered in 1990 after not being documented for one and half centuries. The data concerning its morphology, distribution and ecological preferences are presented in this paper in order to contribute to the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) goals and to assist taxonomists in assessing and protecting this species from extinction in future.   </div

Environmental pollutants and their impact on COVID‐19 spread: Current problem and future resolutions

Abstract COVID‐19 is the greatest crucial universal health issue of the century and the extreme challenge that came after the 2nd World War faced by humankind. In 2019, different strains of the coronavirus have emerged drastically, that as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) which is the causative agent of corona disease. As far as human civilization history, there have been occurrences of severe diseases and outbreaks of various viruses. According to World Health Organization reports, throughout the world, the present outbreak of COVID‐19 has engulfed more than 200 countries affecting 241,471,559 individuals and more than 4,914,092 people lost their lives. SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak is severely disturbing the worldwide economy at present. The urgent need of recent times is to understand the environmental aspect of COVID‐19 disease. Hence to fulfill this point, the present review article is compiled with a brief discussion about all the minute points of the COVID‐19 pandemic related to the environment: origin and present scenario, the occurrence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in environmental habitats, the effect of COVID‐19 on human health, and environment, environmental factors influencing the transmission and spreading of SARS‐CoV‐2. This review explains micro and macro pollutants in hospital and urban wastewater influencing COVID‐19, detection of SARS‐CoV‐2, current global drug strategies to control replication and spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 from the environment, future approaches, and guidelines to prevent and control upcoming pandemics. The SARS‐CoV‐2 structural details and their effect on humans have been already well presented but the research about environmental factors affecting COVID‐19 could be important points to fight present and future pandemics

Colovesical fistula managed with single staged corrective surgery

Colovesical fistulae are most commonly associated with diverticulitis. We report a case of colovesical fistula in a 55-year-old male patient presenting with pneumaturia and fecaluria. Patient was treated with single stage resection of fistula, colocolostomy and closure of bladder

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma presenting as bilateral endobronchial tumor in a young boy

A 15-year-old boy presented to us with a 4-month history of fever with worsening dyspnea since 1 month. His contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the thorax showed bilateral endobronchial lesions with complete collapse-consolidation of the left lung and partial collapse of the right lower lobe. His fiberoptic bronchoscopy guided biopsy had been reported in outside hospital as a neuroendocrine tumor. Due to worsening breathlessness, he had to be intubated. We repeated the endobronchial biopsy and combined with outside slides and blocks, was diagnosed to have an anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). We started the patient on chemotherapy to which he had a dramatic response radiologically and clinically. ALCL presenting as endobronchial mass is an extremely rare occurrence and it presenting with bilateral endobronchial masses has not been reported yet in literature. Pathologists and clinicians should be aware of this presentation as prompt diagnosis and treatment give promising results