Interference of wheight loss on cardiovascular risk and type 2 Diabetes 24 months after gastric bypass – cohort retrospective: Interferência da perda de peso no risco cardiovascular e Diabetes tipo 2 24 meses após bypass gástrico – coorte retrospective

Background: Obesity has increased in prevalence and thus has become a public health crisis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of weight loss on the resolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort and descriptive study, involved consulting a database, from March 2018 to March 2019. The subjects were  female and male patients, ≥18 years, who had been submitted to bariatric surgery  from March 2014 to March 2016. The following data were obtained from their  charts: weight, height, age, sex, presence of associated morbidities (type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular risk), glycated hemoglobina and glucose. The data a presented as the mean and standard deviation, median and interquartile range, or count and percentage. The results were considered statistically significant if p-value ≤0.05. Results: The patients had maintained a substantial percentage of excesso wheight loss (%EWL) during the postoperative period, and the Hb1Ac, glucose, CVR, and metabolic alterations were also reduced. Six months after surgery, group 1 (<70% EWL) and group 2 (≥ 70%) showed reduced Hb1Ac and, glucose and only group 2 showed reduced CVR. From 12 to 18 months after surgery, group 1 showed reduced Hb1Ac. From 18 to 24 months after surgery, group 2 showed reduced CVR and group 1 showed reduced glucose. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery had a positive effect on %EWL and modified the metabolic profile and CVR of patients up to 24 months after gastric bypass, reducing associated comorbidities