Improved Nickel Hydroxide Efficiency for Overall Water Splitting via Unique Synthesis Methodology

Water splitting signifies a breakthrough in the realm of renewable energy, facilitating the production of hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2). In this process, the Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a vital role in the process of energy production, which exhibits higher overpotential than the Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Therefore, it necessitates the advancement of electrocatalysts that are more active, durable, and stable. Transition metal oxides and hydroxides are promising materials for water splitting, in which Nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) acts as an essential catalyst in electrochemical water splitting for both HER and OER. Herein, Ni(OH)2 samples were prepared via three different methods which are aerogel, hydrothermal, and microwave respectively, and those materials were tested by using 1M KOH as an electrolyzer in an electrode system. Where the results were evaluated for both HER and OER at the current density of 10 mA/cm2, OER overpotential for aerogel shows 266mV, which was comparatively lower than hydrothermal 311mV and microwave 321mV. Similarly, for HER, (Ni(OH)2) aerogel at the same current density shows 224 mV of overpotential, indicating superior performance compared to hydrothermal and microwave methods. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed excellent results for all samples, indicating favorable charge transfer kinetics. Additionally, analysis of the electrochemical surface area, roughness factor, and turn-on frequency showed that aerogel-synthesized nickel hydroxide exhibited superior properties, further enhancing its water-splitting performance. These findings underscore the importance of synthesis method selection in optimizing the water-splitting performance of nickel hydroxide materials for sustainable energy applications

Waterpipe Use and Its Cardiovascular Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control, Cross-Sectional, and Non-Randomized Studies

Approximately 100 million people globally smoke cigarettes, making it a significant and quickly spreading global tobacco epidemic. Substance use disorders are frequently evaluated by non-randomized studies. Tobacco use and its impacts on the cardiovascular system were the subjects of a comprehensive search across five electronic databases: Cochrane, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed. The findings demonstrated that waterpipe smokers in comparison to non-smokers have immediate elevations in heart rate and blood pressure, lower levels of high-density lipoprotein, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein, higher levels of triglycerides, higher levels of fasting blood glucose, and a higher heart rate. Users of waterpipes and cigarettes had similar average heart rates, blood pressure, and lipid levels, with the exception that waterpipe smokers had greater total cholesterol. Smoking a waterpipe has significant negative effects on the cardiovascular system comparable to cigarette smoking, and non-randomized studies proved to yield substantial evidence related to its cardiovascular effects. Such study designs can be used to evaluate substance use and its cardiovascular impact

SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT DURING IDOL IMMERSION

Rivers in India are regarded as sacred from ancient times. The river Narmada is the third holy and fifth largest west flowing river of India and biggest west flowing river of the Madhya Pradesh. The quality of water is most important as compared to quantity of water, especially for potable purpose purity is of the prime requirement. With this view-point, to check the surface water quality during idol immersion the study has been carried out at six major historical places through which River Narmada is flowing, during Ganesh idol immersion and Durga idol immersion. The samples were collected 15 days before the festivals, during and 15 days after the festivals. The analytical results reveal that few parameters need treatment before use for drinking purpose. Whereas all the remaining water parameters have been found to be safe from potability consideration

Effect of Covid-19 Pandemic on Shrimp Farming at Navsari, Gujarat, India

The lockdown on account of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) adversely impacted the food production sector including aquaculture globally. Unfortunately, it coincided with the major shrimp farming season in India which contributes 60% of the national annual shrimp production hence the impact was substantial. Shrimp farmers follow the different management practices in shrimp farming operations like seed, feed, probiotics, medicine, disruptions in the supply chain, transportation, harvesting and marketing. Therefore, the objective of present study was to find out the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on shrimp farming sector in Navsari (Gujarat). These findings are depicted that management practices of the shrimp farming in study area was disturbed and huge economic losses was faced by the shrimp farmers during pandemic situations. It is suggested that technical and financial assistance for safe, sufficient and hygienic supply of seed, feed, probiotics, chemicals, medicines and probiotics by the government agencies should be ensured which help to shrimp enhance the aquaculture production and survive of shrimp farmers. The result of present study is also helpful for the government authorities to develop policies and execution of the plans during such pandemic condition for shrimp farmers that can prevent the production loss and sustain the shrimp farming industry

The Evolving Concepts of Cancer Stem Cells in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

There is increasing evidence that the growth and spread of cancers is driven by a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs)-the only cells that are capable of long-term self-renewal and generation of the phenotypically diverse tumor cell population. CSCs have been identified and isolated in a variety of human cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The concept of cancer stem cells may have profound implications for our understanding of tumor biology and for the design of novel treatments targeted toward these cells. The present review is an attempt to conceptualize the role of CSCs in HNSCC-its implication in tumorigenesis and the possible additional approach in current treatment strategies

The Evolving Concepts of Cancer Stem Cells in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

There is increasing evidence that the growth and spread of cancers is driven by a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs)—the only cells that are capable of long-term self-renewal and generation of the phenotypically diverse tumor cell population. CSCs have been identified and isolated in a variety of human cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The concept of cancer stem cells may have profound implications for our understanding of tumor biology and for the design of novel treatments targeted toward these cells. The present review is an attempt to conceptualize the role of CSCs in HNSCC—its implication in tumorigenesis and the possible additional approach in current treatment strategies