Propagação da pitaya no cerrado (Selenicereus setaceus) por meio de estacas.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tipo de recipiente e da aplicação de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) no enraizamento de estacas de pitaya do cerrado (saborosa).Suplemento. Edição dos Resumos do XI Congresso Brasileiro de Fisiologia Vegetal, Gramado, set. 2007

The High-Pressure Structural Evolution of Olivine along the Forsterite–Fayalite Join

Structural refinements from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data are reported for olivine with a composition of Fo100 (forsterite Mg2SiO4, synthetic), Fo80 and Fo62 (~Mg1.6Fe0.4SiO4 and ~Mg1.24Fe0.76SiO4, both natural) at room temperature and high pressure to ~8 GPa. The new results, along with data from the literature on Fo0 (fayalite Fe2SiO4), were used to investigate the previously reported structural mechanisms which caused small variations of olivine bulk modulus with increasing Fe content. For all the investigated compositions, the M2 crystallographic site, with its bonding configuration and its larger polyhedral volume, was observed to control the compression mechanisms in olivine. From Fo100 to Fo0, the compression rates for M2\u2013O and M1\u2013O bond lengths were observed to control the relative polyhedral volumes, resulting in a less-compressible M1O6 polyhedral volume, likely causing the slight increase in bulk modulus with increasing Fe content

Population pulsation resonances of excitons in monolayer MoSe2 with sub 1 {\mu}eV linewidth

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, a new class of atomically thin semiconductors, possess optically coupled 2D valley excitons. The nature of exciton relaxation in these systems is currently poorly understood. Here, we investigate exciton relaxation in monolayer MoSe2 using polarization-resolved coherent nonlinear optical spectroscopy with high spectral resolution. We report strikingly narrow population pulsation resonances with two different characteristic linewidths of 1 {\mu}eV and <0.2 {\mu}eV at low-temperature. These linewidths are more than three orders of magnitude narrower than the photoluminescence and absorption linewidth, and indicate that a component of the exciton relaxation dynamics occurs on timescales longer than 1 ns. The ultra-narrow resonance (<0.2 {\mu}eV) emerges with increasing excitation intensity, and implies the existence of a long-lived state whose lifetime exceeds 6 ns.Comment: (PRL, in press

Alongamento de plantas de Dendrobium nobile Lindl. com pulverização de ácido giberélico.

Dendrobium nobile Lindl. (olho-de-boneca) é uma das orquídeas mais populares do Brasil, ocupando posição de destaque no mercado de plantas de corte e de vaso. Entretanto, o desenvolvimento muito lento da família Orchidaceae tem contribuído para o elevado valor unitário de suas plantas, sendo necessárias técnicas que promovam a obtenção mais rápida de plantas comercializáveis. Objetivando avaliar o efeito do ácido giberélico no alongamento de plantas de D. nobile, foi realizado experimento em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco concentrações de GA3 (0, 50, 100, 200 e 400 mg.L-1) e treze repetições. Efetuaram-se quatro pulverizações com soluções de ácido giberélico a intervalos quinzenais e noventa dias após início dos tratamentos, avaliaram-se as seguintes características: altura e diâmetro do pseudobulbo, número de folhas, largura e comprimento das folhas. A aplicação do GA3 promoveu, em comparação às plantas testemunhas, incrementos de 64,08% em altura e 44,27% no comprimento das folhas e decréscimos de 50% no diâmetro do pseudobulbo e 56,09% na largura das folhas. Não houve diferença entre as concentrações de GA3 testadas. Portanto, o ácido giberélico nas concentrações de 50 a 400 mg.L-1 é igualmente eficiente no alongamento de plantas D. nobile

Germinal Center Selection and Affinity Maturation Require Dynamic Regulation of mTORC1 Kinase

During antibody affinity maturation, germinal center (GC) B cells cycle between affinity-driven selection in the light zone (LZ) and proliferation and somatic hypermutation in the dark zone (DZ). Although selection of GC B cells is triggered by antigen-dependent signals delivered in the LZ, DZ proliferation occurs in the absence of such signals. We show that positive selection triggered by T cell help activates the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), which promotes the anabolic program that supports DZ proliferation. Blocking mTORC1 prior to growth prevented clonal expansion, whereas blockade after cells reached peak size had little to no effect. Conversely, constitutively active mTORC1 led to DZ enrichment but loss of competitiveness and impaired affinity maturation. Thus, mTORC1 activation is required for fueling B cells prior to DZ proliferation rather than for allowing cell-cycle progression itself and must be regulated dynamically during cyclic re-entry to ensure efficient affinity-based selection

Monitoring T cell-dendritic cell interactions in vivo by intercellular enzymatic labelling

Interactions between different cell types are essential for multiple biological processes, including immunity, embryonic development and neuronal signalling. Although the dynamics of cell-cell interactions can be monitored in vivo by intravital microscopy, this approach does not provide any information on the receptors and ligands involved or enable the isolation of interacting cells for downstream analysis. Here we describe a complementary approach that uses bacterial sortase A-mediated cell labelling across synapses of immune cells to identify receptor-ligand interactions between cells in living mice, by generating a signal that can subsequently be detected ex vivo by flow cytometry. We call this approach for the labelling of 'kiss-and-run' interactions between immune cells 'Labelling Immune Partnerships by SorTagging Intercellular Contacts' (LIPSTIC). Using LIPSTIC, we show that interactions between dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells during T-cell priming in vivo occur in two distinct modalities: an early, cognate stage, during which CD40-CD40L interactions occur specifically between T cells and antigen-loaded dendritic cells; and a later, non-cognate stage during which these interactions no longer require prior engagement of the T-cell receptor. Therefore, LIPSTIC enables the direct measurement of dynamic cell-cell interactions both in vitro and in vivo. Given its flexibility for use with different receptor-ligand pairs and a range of detectable labels, we expect that this approach will be of use to any field of biology requiring quantification of intercellular communication