Low cost EEG signal acquisition for health care and person identification

The task of monitoring human health invasively and maintaining the security of any system is challenging in the current scenario. The proposed system integrates the health monitoring and biometric authentication for a healthy as well as secure world. The initial module comprises of analysing the change in EEG signals when blood pressure increases for the sick and elderly people while the latter module for security purposes. EEG signal is acquired from the subject. The acquiring of the signal undergoes several steps which include the filtering and amplification. The alpha wave which is unique is extracted, that avoids spoofing attacks is considered for biometry while the beta waves which alter the state according to the human mind state is considered for health monitoring. Data reduction along with SVM classifier and Hilbert transform is implemented in the proposed model

A clinico-pathological study of pigmented cutaneous lesions: a one-year prospective study in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Pigmented lesions are group of lesions which have melanocytic proliferation with very common clinical presentation. Diagnosing these pigmented lesions and differentiating cutaneous melanocytic lesions from non-melanocytic lesions poses a great challenge for the pathologist.Methods: A Prospective study was conducted for one year from June 2016 to June 2017 sent to the Department of Pathology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, a tertiary care centre in southern India consisting of 44 pigmented lesions. Specimens were formalin fixed and the tissue was adequately processed for histopathological examination. The sections were stained routinely with hematoxylin and eosin stain and examined under light microscopy.Results: Out of 44 cases, 24 cases were cutaneous melanocytic lesions which include benign naevi 22 (50%) and 2 (4.6%) malignant melanoma cases. The other 20 cases were cutaneous non melanocytic lesions which include 5 (11.4%) pigmented seborrheic keratosis, 6 (13.7%) pigmented basal cell carcinoma, 1 (2.3%) pigmented actinic keratosis and 8 (18%) cases of naevus sebaceous. Most common effected age group was <21 years (31.81%), male: female ratio is 1:2 and most common site involved was face 29 cases (65.9%). Most common pigmented lesions were benign melanocytic nevi 22 (50%) followed by naevus sebaceous 8 (18%) cases. 32 (72.71%) cases were consistent with both clinico-histopathological correlation.Conclusions: Benign melanocytic nevi are most common lesions obtained, seborric keratosis and pigmented basal cell carcinoma were most common mimickers of melanocytic lesions, hence a careful histopathological diagnosis is important

Histomorphological pattern of thyroid lesions: A prospective study

Background: Thyroid disorders are the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide. 15–20% of the thyroid nodules are indeterminate on cytological results. The definite diagnosis of these nodules is provided by examination of thyroidectomy. Objective: Aim was to describe various histomorphological patterns of thyroid lesions and their frequency in relation to age and sex of the patients. Material and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out on all thyroidectomy specimens received in the department of Pathology from July 2015 to June 2017. A total of 110 specimens were included in the study. Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS (version 14) software. Descriptive analysis was performed using frequencies and percentages. Results: Thyroid diseases were predominantly seen in females. Peak age of presentation was 3rd to 5th decade. Out of 110 cases studied, 77 cases (70%) were non neoplastic lesions and 33 cases were (30%) neoplastic lesions. Adenomatous goiter was the most common nonneoplastic lesion (84.41%) followed by Hashimoto thyroiditis (11.68%). Among neoplastic lesions, malignant neoplasms (23 cases, 69.69%) were more common than benign neoplasm (9 cases, 27.27%). Borderline neoplasm was seen in 3.03% (1 case). Papillary carcinoma was the most common malignant neoplasm (78.26%), which was predominantly seen in females (94.44%) and most common age of presentation was in 3rd to 4th decade (66.66%). Overall, the most common lesion was adenomatous goiter (59.09%) followed by papillary carcinoma (16.36%), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (8.18%) and follicular adenoma (7.27%). Conclusion: Histopathological examination plays a major role in definitive diagnosis of thyroid lesions. Adenomatous goiter was the most common lesion followed by Papillary carcinoma which suggests increasing prevalence of thyroid malignancy in the population

Acute MRSA Sinusitis with Intracranial Extension and Marginal Vancomycin Susceptibility

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is increasingly being described as a cause of acute sinusitis. We present a patient with acute MRSA sinusitis complicated by rapid intracranial extension, marginal vancomycin susceptibility (MIC = 2 mg/L), delayed drainage of intracranial abscess, and subsequent development of rifampin resistance. Given the relatively high risk of intracranial extension of severe acute bacterial sinusitis and high mortality associated with invasive MRSA infections, we suggest early surgical drainage of intracranial abscesses in these circumstances. We believe this is important given the limited intracranial penetration of currently available treatment options for MRSA, especially those with a vancomycin minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ≥2 mg/L

Thummattikai - Traditional preservation of an unexplored vegetable

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Not AvailablePathogenic microorganisms that are multidrug-resistant can pose severe clinical and public health concerns. In particular, bacterial multidrug efflux transporters of the major facilitator superfamily constitute a notable group of drug resistance mechanisms primarily because multidrug-resistant pathogens can become refractory to antimicrobial agents, thus resulting in potentially untreatable bacterial infections. The major facilitator superfamily is composed of thousands of solute transporters that are related in terms of their phylogenetic relationships, primary amino acid sequences, two- and three-dimensional structures, modes of energization (passive and secondary active), and in their mechanisms of solute and ion translocation across the membrane. The major facilitator superfamily is also composed of numerous families and sub-families of homologous transporters that are conserved across all living taxa, from bacteria to humans. Members of this superfamily share several classes of highly conserved amino acid sequence motifs that play essential mechanistic roles during transport. The structural and functional importance of multidrug efflux pumps that belong to the major facilitator family and that are harbored by Gram-negative and -positive bacterial pathogens are considered here.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableBackground: Seafood contamination with Salmonella enterica is not only a public health concern, but can also lead to economic losses due to import rejections. Continuous monitoring of seafood for Salmonella is necessary for risk assessment and to establish suitable control measures. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the extent of Salmonella contamination of seafood in fish landing centers and retails markets. Methods: In this study, we analyzed seafood samples from three fish landing centers and seven retail markets of Mumbai, India for S. enterica contamination. Salmonella was isolated using multiple selective enrichment broths and selective agars, and identified by conventional biochemical tests followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Of 82 samples of seafood, comprising both finfish and shellfish, Salmonella was detected in 17 (20.7%) finfish samples. None of the shellfish samples (shrimps, clams, and cephalopods) were found to be contaminated with Salmonella. Samples from both landing centers and fish markets, as well as from pelagic and demersal sources, harbored Salmonella. Source-wise analysis showed that 11 of 57 (19.3%) samples from retail fish markets and 6 of 25 (24%) samples from fish landing centers were contaminated with Salmonella. Conclusions: The study emphasizes the need to implement measures to prevent anthropogenic contamination of coastal waters and improve the hygiene of retail fish markets in Mumbai. Highlights: Seafood from landing centers and retail markets, as well as from pelagic and demersalhabitats were similarly contaminated with Salmonella. Fish species widely consumed in the region of this study were found highly contaminated with SalmonellaNot Availabl