Eventos adversos derivados del cuidado de enfermería: flebitis, úlceras por presión y caídas

Introduction: adverse events have great impact on patients´ health, in institutional costs and professional practice; it is necessary to know how often they occur in health institutions, especially those events related to nursing care. Objective: to describe the incidence of some adverse events related to nursing interventions in an institution of tertiary health care. Materials and methods: pilot testing of a concurrent cohort study of adverse events related to nursing care in a health institution of tertiary care in the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia. 198 patients were included who had entered the institution for emergency care, with stays between 6 to 24 hours and older than 18 years. On admission and throughout hospitalization, an instrument was applied to assess possible risk factors and occurrence of each adverse event: pressure ulcers, falls, phlebitis and withdrawal/loss of therapeutic devices. A descriptive analysis of participants was performed and the incidence of adverse events was estimated with confidence intervals of 95%. Results: the incidence of adverse events during the pilot study was 16.16% (n = 32, 95% CI = 11.32 - 22.04). Patients undergoing 65.63% of adverse events (n = 21) presented an event, 25% (n = 8) two events, and 9.38% (n = 3) three events. Among all reported adverse events the most frequent was pressure ulcers. Conclusions: we report a significant number of adverse events figures are consistent with the literature. Knowing the epidemiology will help establish measures for their prevention and control.Introducción: los eventos  adversos tienen gran impacto en la  salud de las personas, en los costos institucionales y en el ejercicio profesional, es por ello que es necesario conocer el  comportamiento de éstos en las instituciones de salud y especialmente aquellos relacionados con el cuidado de enfermería. Objetivo: describir la incidencia de algunos eventos adversos relacionados con las acciones de Enfermería en una institución de salud de tercer nivel de atención. Materiales y métodos: Prueba piloto de un estudio de cohorte concurrente sobre eventos adversos relacionados con el cuidado de enfermería en una institución de salud de tercer nivel de atención de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia.  Fueron incluidos 198 pacientes que habían ingresado por urgencias, con permanencia entre 6 hasta 24  horas y mayores de 18 años de edad. Fue aplicado al ingreso y durante toda la hospitalización un instrumento general que evaluaba posibles factores de riesgo y la ocurrencia para cada evento adverso: úlceras por presión, caídas, flebitis y retiros de dispositivos terapéuticos. Resultados: La incidencia de eventos adversos durante la prueba piloto del estudio fue de 16.16% (n=32, IC95%= 11.32 – 22.04). De los pacientes que realizaron eventos adversos el 65.63% (n=21) presento un evento; el 25% (n=8) dos eventos y el  9.38% (n=3) tres eventos.  Entre todos los eventos adversos presentados el evento más frecuente fueron las úlceras por presión. Conclusiones: Se reporta una incidencia importante de eventos adversos, cifras consistentes con la literatura. El conocer su epidemiología ayudará a establecer medidas para su prevención y control

Task Force of the Latin American Society of Hypertension

ABI, ankle-brachial index; ABPM, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; ACCORD, Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes; ACE-I, angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors; ARB, AT1 blockers; BP, blood pressure; CARMELA, Cardiovascular Risk Factor Multiple Evaluation in Latin America; CARMEN, Community Actions for Multifactorial Reduction of Non- Communicable Diseases; CCB, calcium channel blocker; CCM, Wagner’s Chronic Care Model; CDC, Chronic Disease Center; CTA, computed tomography angiography; CV, cardiovascular; DALY, disability-adjusted life year; DPP- 4, dipeptidyl-peptidase-4; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; HBPM, home blood pressure monitoring; HOPE, Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation; HOT, Hypertension Optimal Treatment; HT, hypertension; LA, Latin America; LASH, Latin American Society of Hypertension; MRA, magnetic resonance angiography; NCD, noncommunicable disease; OSAS, obstructive apnea–hypopnea syndrome; PAD, peripheral artery disease; PAHO, Pan American Health Organization; RAAS, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system; RISS, Redes Integradas de Servicios de Salud; SGLUT2, sodium–glucose cotransporter-2; SPRINT, SBP Intervention Trial; UKPDS, United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study; VIDA, Veracruz Initiative for Diabetes Awarenes