Exploring South Korea’s Ocean Economy : the Korea National Ocean Economy Survey 2017-2019

As the economic contribution of the ocean and fisheries industry increases, it is essential to identify industrial characteristics and propose specialized strategies based on data. However, there has been a lack of research on the establishment of an industrial classification system that reflects the characteristics of the ocean and fisheries industry in South Korea. Therefore, this study aims to introduce the specialized classification system of the ocean and fisheries industry and, further intends to analyze industry trends using the survey data based on the classification system. For the past three years (2017-2019) 9,000 businesses were surveyed annually to estimate industry revenues, number of businesses and workers, annual labor costs, and business outlook. As a result, this study proposed the need for government support for the shipbuilding and offshore plant construction & repair industry which has great economic ripple effects, and the need to strengthen the labor supply chain of the fishery industries that are easily affected by external shocks

Detecting code theft via a static instruction trace birthmark for Java methods

Abstract—A software birthmark is an inherent program characteristic that can identify a program. In this paper, we propose a static instruction trace birthmark to detect code theft of Java methods. Because the static instruction traces can reflect the algorithmic structure of a program, our birthmark can be used to detect algorithm theft which existing static birthmarks cannot handle. Because the static instruction traces are extracted by static analyses, they can be applied to library programs which previous dynamic birthmarks could not. We evaluate the proposed birthmark with respect to two criteria: credibility and resilience. Experimental result shows that our birthmark is more resilient than and at least as credible as the existing Java birthmarks. I

Electronic alert outpatient protocol improves the quality of care for the risk of postcontrast acute kidney injury following computed tomography

Background Prevention and diagnosis of postcontrast acute kidney injury (AKI) after contrast-enhanced computed tomography is burdensome in outpatient department. We investigated whether an electronic alert system could improve prevention and diagnosis of postcontrast AKI. Methods In March 2018, we launched an electronic alert system that automatically identifies patients with a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate of <45 mL/min/1.73 m2, provides a prescription of fluid regimen, and recommends a follow-up for serum creatinine measurement. Participants prescribed contrast-enhanced computed tomography at outpatient department before and after the launch of the system were categorized as historical and alert group, respectively. Propensity for the surveillance of postcontrast AKI was compared using logistic regression. Risks of AKI, admission, mortality, and renal replacement therapy were analyzed. Results The historical and alert groups included 289 and 309 participants, respectively. The alert group was more likely to be men and take diuretics. The most frequent volume of prophylactic fluid in historical and alert group was 1,000 and 750 mL, respectively. Follow-up for AKI was more common in the alert group (adjusted odds ratio, 6.00; p < 0.001). Among them, incidence of postcontrast AKI was not statistically different. The two groups did not differ in risks of admission, mortality, or renal replacement therapy. Conclusion The electronic alert system could assist in the detection of high-risk patients, prevention with reduced fluid volume, and proper diagnosis of postcontrast AKI, while limiting the prescribing clinicians’ burden. Whether the system can improve long-term outcomes remains unclear

Dichotomous role of Shp2 for naïve and primed pluripotency maintenance in embryonic stem cells

Background : The requirement of the Mek1 inhibitor (iMek1) during naïve pluripotency maintenance results from the activation of the Mek1-Erk1/2 (Mek/Erk) signaling pathway upon leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) stimulation. Methods : Through a meta-analysis of previous genome-wide screening for negative regulators of naïve pluripotency, Ptpn11 (encoding the Shp2 protein, which serves both as a tyrosine phosphatase and putative adapter), was predicted as one of the key factors for the negative modulation of naïve pluripotency through LIF-dependent Jak/Stat3 signaling. Using an isogenic pair of naïve and primed mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), we demonstrated the differential role of Shp2 in naïve and primed pluripotency. Results : Loss of Shp2 increased naïve pluripotency by promoting Jak/Stat3 signaling and disturbed in vivo differentiation potential. In sharp contrast, Shp2 depletion significantly impeded the self-renewal of ESCs under primed culture conditions, which was concurrent with a reduction in Mek/Erk signaling. Similarly, upon treatment with an allosteric Shp2 inhibitor (iShp2), the cells sustained Stat3 phosphorylation and decoupled Mek/Erk signaling, thus iShp2 can replace the use of iMek1 for maintenance of naïve ESCs. Conclusions : Taken together, our findings highlight the differential roles of Shp2 in naïve and primed pluripotency and propose the usage of iShp2 instead of iMek1 for the efficient maintenance and establishment of naïve pluripotency.This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2020R1A2C2005914). This work was also supported by the Creative-Pioneering Researchers Program through Seoul National University (SNU)

Three-Color White Photoluminescence Emission Using Perovskite Nanoplatelets and Organic Emitter

Three organic blue-light-emitting tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivatives that exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) were used as additives in the preparation of inorganic perovskite-structured green-light-emitting materials for three-color white-light emission. For these organic&ndash;inorganic light-emitting materials, two-color (blue and green) light-emitting films based on the CsPbBr3 perovskite-structured green-light-emitting inorganic material were prepared. The three TPE derivatives were prepared by varying the number of bromide groups, and a distinct AIE effect was confirmed when the derivatives were dissolved in a water&ndash;tetrahydrofuran mixed solvent containing 90 vol% water. When 0.2 molar ratio of the 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)ethylene (TeBrTPE) additive was mixed with nanocrystal-pinning toluene solvent, the green-light-emission photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQY) value at 535 nm was 47 times greater than that of the pure bulk CsPbBr3 without additives and a blue emission at 475 nm was observed from the TeBrTPE itself. When a CBP:Ir(piq)3 film was prepared on top of this layer, three PL peaks with maximum wavelength values of 470, 535, and 613 nm were confirmed. The film exhibited white-light emission with CIE color coordinates of (0.25, 0.36)

Atomic Layer Deposition of Inorganic Thin Films on 3D Polymer Nanonetworks

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a unique tool for conformally depositing inorganic thin films with precisely controlled thickness at nanoscale. Recently, ALD has been used in the manufacture of inorganic thin films using a three-dimensional (3D) nanonetwork structure made of polymer as a template, which is pre-formed by advanced 3D nanofabrication techniques such as electrospinning, block-copolymer (BCP) lithography, direct laser writing (DLW), multibeam interference lithography (MBIL), and phase-mask interference lithography (PMIL). The key technical requirement of this polymer template-assisted ALD is to perform the deposition process at a lower temperature, preserving the nanostructure of the polymer template during the deposition process. This review focuses on the successful cases of conformal deposition of inorganic thin films on 3D polymer nanonetworks using thermal ALD or plasma-enhanced ALD at temperatures below 200 &#176;C. Recent applications and prospects of nanostructured polymer&#8211;inorganic composites or hollow inorganic materials are also discussed

A Static Java Birthmark Based on Control Flow Edges

Abstract—A software birthmark is an inherent characteristic of a program that can be used to identify that program. By comparing the birthmarks of two programs, it is possible to infer if one program is a copy of another. In this paper, we propose a static birthmark based on the control flow edges in Java programs. Control flow edges can represent possible behaviors in program execution. Thus, a set of the control flow edges of a program can be used as a birthmark for that program. The similarity between two programs can then be calculated by finding pairs of similar behaviors of the control flow edges in the two birthmarks. The proposed birthmark is evaluated and compared with previous approaches in terms of credibility and resilience. Experimental results show that the proposed birthmark is more reliable than previous methods for detecting programs that are suspected to be copied. Keywords-software birthmark; software security; software copyright; program analysis; I

Novel Fused Core Chromophore Incorporating Spirofluorene and Anthracene Groups for Sky-Blue Emission and Solution-Processed White Devices

New blue-light-emitting materials, 2,7-Bis-[1,1′;3′,1″]terphenyl-spiro-fluorene[3,4]naphthalene (TP-AFF-TP) and spiro-fluorene[3,4]-5-terphenylnaphthalene (TP-ASF) were synthesized based on a fused core with anthracene and spirofluorene. The photoluminescence (PL) maximum values of TP-AFF-TP and TP-ASF in film states exhibited 477 nm and 467 nm within the blue region, respectively. Degradation temperature (Td) values for TP-AFF-TP and TP-ASF were very high at 481 °C and 407 °C, respectively. TP-AFF-TP and TP-ASF exhibited power efficiencies (PE) of 1.03 lm/W and 2.39 lm/W, respectively, along with luminance efficiencies (LE) of 2.55 cd/A and 5.17 cd/A, respectively, in nondoped organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices in which the newly synthesized compounds were employed as emissive layers. The achieved CIE values were (0.25, 0.45) for TP-AFF-TP and (0.17, 0.31) for TP-ASF. Furthermore, when TP-ASF was utilized as one of the emissive materials in solution-processed white OLED devices, the resultant device showcased a notably high LE of 3.13 cd/A, a PE of 2.69 lm/W, and a white CIE value of (0.30, 0.34)