Additional file 1: Figure S1. of The exon junction complex factor Y14 is dynamic in the nucleus of the beetle Tribolium castaneum during late oogenesis

Protein alignment of Tribolium castaneum Y14 (XP_967777), Drosophila melanogaster Y14 (NP_610454) and Homo sapiens Y14 (NP_005096). Y14 RNA binding/recognition domain (RRM/RBM8) indicated with grey. Identical amino acids highlighted in black, similar in grey. Alignment and visualization performed with Geneious 6 Software (TIFF 181 kb

The exon junction complex factor Y14 is dynamic in the nucleus of the beetle Tribolium castaneum during late oogenesis

Abstract Background The oocyte chromosomes of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, are gathered into a knot, forming a karyosphere at the diplotene stage of meiotic prophase. Chromatin rearrangement, which is a characteristic feature of oocyte maturation, is well documented. The T. castaneum karyosphere is surrounded by a complex extrachromosomal structure termed the karyosphere capsule. The capsule contains the vast majority of oocyte RNA. We have previously shown using a BrUTP assay that oocyte chromosomes in T. castaneum maintain residual transcription up to the very end of oocyte maturation. Karyosphere transcription requires evidently not only transcription factors but also mRNA processing factors, including the components of the exon junction complex with its core component, the splicing factor Y14. We employed a gene engineering approach with injection of mRNA derived from the Myc-tagged Y14 plasmid-based construct in order to monitor the newly synthesized fusion protein in the oocyte nuclei. Results Our preliminary data have been presented as a brief correspondence elsewhere. Here, we provide a full-length article including immunoelectron-microscopy localization data on Y14–Myc distribution in the nucleus of previtellogenic and vitellogenic oocytes. The injections of the fusion protein Y14–Myc mRNA into the oocytes showed a dynamic pattern of the protein distribution. At the previtellogenic stage, there are two main locations for the protein: SC35 domains (the analogues of interchromatin granule clusters or nuclear speckles) and the karyosphere capsule. At the vitellogenic stage, SC35 domains were devoid of labels, and Y14–Myc was found in the perichromatin region of the karyosphere, presumably at the places of residual transcription. We show that karyosphere formation is accompanied by the movement of a nuclear protein while the residual transcription occurs during genome inactivation. Conclusions Our data indicate that the karyosphere capsule, being a destination site for a protein involved in mRNA splicing and export, is not only a specializes part of nuclear matrix separating the karyosphere from the products of chromosome activity, as believed previously, but represents a special nuclear compartment involved in the processes of gene expression in the case the karyosphere retains residual transcription activity

Delayed Fluorescence of Dyes Sensitized by Eu³⁺ Chelate Nanoparticles

Dye-doped nanoparticles of Eu³⁺ chelate complexes with naphtoyltrifluoroacetone and 1,10-phenanthroline were synthesized using two different reprecipitation techniques. The nanoparticles were characterized by atomic force microscopy, absorption spectroscopy, steady-state, and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescent spectroscopy of chelate nanoparticles doped with Oxazine 170 and Nile blue dyes indicates that a single dye molecule efficiently quenches luminescence of more than a hundred chelates. The Eu³⁺ chelates have a significantly longer luminescence lifetime than organic dyes, which leads to the appearance of delayed dyes fluorescence with microsecond lifetimes. The fluorescence brightness of dye-doped chelate nanoparticles was determined to be 50 times higher than that of a single Rhodamine 6G molecule. The combination of high fluorescence brightness and long fluorescence lifetime of the dye-doped chelate nanoparticles is promising for time-gated applications

Additional file 2: Figure S2. of The exon junction complex factor Y14 is dynamic in the nucleus of the beetle Tribolium castaneum during late oogenesis

Differences between Y14 splicing systems in human and T. castaneum cells. A, The genome sequence of T. castaneum Y14. B, Normally spliced Y14 mRNA of T. castaneum. C, Abnormal splicing of T. castaneum Y14 mRNA in human HEK293 cells (TIFF 204 kb) Green, exons; blue, introns

Magnetic Composite Sorbents for Trapping Heavy Metals from Liquid Waste and Their Immobilization in a Mineral-Like Matrix

Магнитные сорбенты получали смешиванием ферросфер с цирконосиликагелем с последующей термической обработкой композиций при 500 °C. В качестве магнитного компонента использовали узкую фракцию ферросфер E -0,063+0,050 мм, выделенную из летучей золы от сжигания экибастузского угля. Дополнительно поверхность полученных магнитных композиций активировали путем нанесения функциональных групп –POONa и –NH2. В равновесных условиях измерены сорбционные емкости сорбентов в отношении катионов Се3+ как имитатора U4+/Th4+и Pb2+ путем построения изотерм сорбции, которые были аппроксимированы моделью Ленгмюра. Установлено, что извлечение катионов Се3+ и Pb2+ из водных сред протекает с коэффициентами распределения 104–106 мл/г. Определены условия твердофазной кристаллизации сорбентов с формированием полифазной системы, в которой содержание фазы циркона достигает 50 мас. %Magnetic sorbents were prepared by addition of ferrospheres to zirconia-silica gel followed by thermal treatment at 500 °C. The ferrosphere narrow fraction E -0.063+0.050 mm from fly ash resulted from combustion of Ekibastuz coal was used as a magnetic component. The surface of magnetic composites was additionally functionalized by grafting of – POONa and – NH2 groups. Under equilibrium conditions sorption capacities of the sorbents with respect to Се3+ used as a U4+/Th4+ simulator and Pb2+ were measured by means of determination of sorption isotherms which were fitted by the Langmuir model. It was established that extraction of Се3+ and Pb2+ from aqueous solutions is characterized by distribution coefficients of 104–106 ml/g. Temperature conditions for solid-phase crystallization of the sorbents resulting in polyphase systems with the content of zircon phase of 50 wt. % were foun