Working But Poor in America

[Excerpt] At a time when the nation is wrestling with the question of reforming welfare and forging policies that bridge the gap between dependence and work, the fact is that, for millions, work does not allow them to provide a decent standard of living for their families. Three key reasons for the poverty of the working poor come from a recent report of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS): 1. Low earnings: Low-wage work with below poverty earnings was the biggest single cause of poverty. Low wages, low earnings, and low income trap millions of American working men and women in a vicious cycle of poverty. 2. Involuntary part-time work: If you want a fulltime job and a full-time paycheck, but you can only find part-time work, the odds are high that you will fall below the poverty line. 3. Unemployment: If you lose or can’t find a job, if you suffer spells of unemployment, the odds are high that your total earnings and your total income are going to be low, and you will be in poverty

Entrepreneurial strategies for sustainable development

Indice: Entrepreneurship and economic growth. On the nature of entrepreneurship. Strategic entrepreneurship. Sustainable development and entrepreneurship

Higher-twist operator effects to parton densities at small x

We investigate the Q^2 evolution of parton distributions at small x values, obtained in the case of flat initial conditions. The contributions of twist-two and (renormalon-type) higher-twist operators of the Wilson operator product expansion are taken into account. The results are in very good agreement with deep inelastic scattering experimental data from HERA.Comment: 4 pages, latex. Talk presented at the DIS2001 Workshop, Bologna, April 200

The evolution of markets and the revolution of industry : a quantitative model of England’s development, 1300-2000

This paper argues that an economy's transition from Malthusian stagnation to modern growth requires markets to reach a critical size, and competition to reach a critical level of intensity. By allowing an economy to produce a greater variety of goods, a larger market makes goods more substitutable, raising the price elasticity of demand, and lowering mark-ups. Firms must then become larger to break even, which facilitates amortizing the fixed costs of innovation. We demonstrate our theory in a dynamic general equilibrium model calibrated to England's long-run development and explore how various factors affect the timing of takeoff.European Community's Seventh Framework ProgramFinancial aid from the European Commission (EFIGE Grant 225343 and HI-POD Grant 225551), the Comunidad de Madrid (PROCIUDAD-CM), and the Spanish Ministry of Science (ECO2008-01300) is acknowledged