Reflections on a Post-COVID World: Lessons from the Surge.

This conversation was held on June 16, 2020, and the resulting transcript reflects the events that were current as of the time of the original discussion. Changes to policies, events, and data may have changed between the time of the discussion and its publication

Dimethyl fumarate in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) inhibits inflammasome-mediated inflammation and has been proposed as a treatment for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing multiple treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 (NCT04381936, ISRCTN50189673). In this assessment of DMF performed at 27 UK hospitals, adults were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus DMF. The primary outcome was clinical status on day 5 measured on a seven-point ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes were time to sustained improvement in clinical status, time to discharge, day 5 peripheral blood oxygenation, day 5 C-reactive protein, and improvement in day 10 clinical status. Between 2 March 2021 and 18 November 2021, 713 patients were enroled in the DMF evaluation, of whom 356 were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus DMF, and 357 to usual care alone. 95% of patients received corticosteroids as part of routine care. There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of DMF on clinical status at day 5 (common odds ratio of unfavourable outcome 1.12; 95% CI 0.86-1.47; p = 0.40). There was no significant effect of DMF on any secondary outcome

Dimethyl fumarate in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) inhibits inflammasome-mediated inflammation and has been proposed as a treatment for patients hospitalised with COVID-19. This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), is assessing multiple treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 (NCT04381936, ISRCTN50189673). In this assessment of DMF performed at 27 UK hospitals, adults were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus DMF. The primary outcome was clinical status on day 5 measured on a seven-point ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes were time to sustained improvement in clinical status, time to discharge, day 5 peripheral blood oxygenation, day 5 C-reactive protein, and improvement in day 10 clinical status. Between 2 March 2021 and 18 November 2021, 713 patients were enroled in the DMF evaluation, of whom 356 were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus DMF, and 357 to usual care alone. 95% of patients received corticosteroids as part of routine care. There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of DMF on clinical status at day 5 (common odds ratio of unfavourable outcome 1.12; 95% CI 0.86-1.47; p = 0.40). There was no significant effect of DMF on any secondary outcome

The HHS Strategic Framework on Multiple Chronic Conditions: Genesis and Focus on Research

Among the 21st century's major emerging health issues, one of the most critical is the increasing prevalence of individuals with comorbidities, or multiple chronic conditions (MCCs), and the myriad challenges this poses for public health, healthcare, social services, and other sectors. Given the increasing prevalence of individuals with MCCs and the paramount role of MCCs as a healthcare cost driver, in 2008 the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) launched an initiative to strengthen efforts by the HHS to address the effects of MCCs on health status, quality of life, and cost. In this paper, we first provide an overview of the HHS initiative with a particular focus on the approach used in developing the initiative's centerpiece, the HHS Strategic Framework on Multiple Chronic Conditions ; we next describe progress in implementing one of the framework's four major goal areas (Goal 4) on facilitating research to fill knowledge gaps about, and interventions and systems to benefit, individuals with MCCs; and we conclude by suggesting additional potential priorities for research on MCCs. Although considerable research on MCCs has been reported over the past decade, the HHS Strategic Framework's goal on research provides a set of priority areas and a plan for systematically strengthening the evidence and information foundation necessary to address the challenges of MCCs in the USA. More broadly, the Strategic Framework provides a roadmap to help improve coordination between HHS operating divisions and enhance collaboration with external stakeholders to improve the quality of life for those with MCCs

A study to assess the awareness of adults about precancerous and cancerous lesions and the associated risk factors

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine which factors contribute to the development of oral precancerous lesions and subsequent mouth cancer. Materials and Methods: Throughout the trial, 450 patients agreed to participate in the investigation. The subjects comprised patients with squamous cell carcinoma (n = 79), oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) (n = 200), leukoplakia (n = 41), lichen planus (n = 10), and controls (n = 120). Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using the Chi-square and regression analysis. Results: All oral precancerous lesions were shown to have a high prevalence of chewing, which was found to have a strong link with oral cancer. Oral precancerous lesions and cancer were also substantially connected with the length of time someone had the habit and how often they engaged in it. Conclusion: Oral cancer and precancerous lesions were determined to be less of a worry when other risks such as drinking and smoking were taken into account

A phase-I, open label clinical trial to assess the safety & tolerability of qHPV vaccine manufactured by Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd. in adults

Background: This first in human study was designed as an open label clinical trial to assess safety and tolerability of Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd. (SIIPL) quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccine. Methods: A total of 48 healthy male and female (24 each) adult volunteers were administered a 0.5 ml single dose of SIIPL qHPV vaccine intramuscularly, and were followed for one month for safety outcomes viz., immediate, solicited, unsolicited and serious adverse events. Results: 47 subjects completed the study in compliance with protocol. One subject had pain immediately after immunization which was recovered without treatment. None of the participants experienced any other local or systemic solicited AEs and serious AE. Conclusion: qHPV vaccine manufactured by SIIPL was found to be safe and well tolerable in adults. Further clinical development should continue to assess safety and immunogenicity, in the target population following recommended 2 and 3-dose schedule.Clinical Trial Registration – CTRI/2017/02/007785