Pengaruh Polifenol Mahkota Dewa terhadap Proliferasi Sel dan Apoptosis pada Mencit Strain Balb/C yang Diinduksi Benzo(a) Pyrene (BaP)

The effect of mahkota dewa polyphenol in the cell proliferation and apoptosis in BaP induced Balb/c ratsBackground: The polyphenol of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa [Scheff.] Boerl) has the potency as antioxidant and anticancer which can handle free radicals, but there has not been extensive research on this. This research is aimed to prove the role of mahkota dewa polyphenol in the cell proliferation inhibition and induct lung carcinogenesis apoptosis in strain Balb/c mice which inducted with benzo(a)pyrene (BaP).Methods: Posttest control group design was carried out among 40 strain Balb/c mice sample, aged 1-2 weeks, weighed 20-30 grams, healthy mice condition. All mice were inducted with BaP and then randomized into 2 groups, as control group and the treatment group. The development of the lung tumor was observed by tissue surgery in the 8th, 17th and 26th week. The data collected were AgNORs, and IHC-TUNEL-apoptosis index dying. The data analysis was conducted using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, One-way ANOVA, and Post hoc test LSD with significance degree of p<α (0.05).Results: The oral administration of mahkota dewa polyphenol showed significantly decreasing cell proliferation, increasing apoptosis index in treatment group in week 8, 17 and 26 (p=0.000). Carcinogenesis incidence for the treatment group week 8 and 26 were 2.32±0.26 and 3.93±0.46, while for the treatment group were 1.88±0.38 and 0.88±0.22 (p=0.000). The cell proliferations for control group week 8 and 26 were 1.57±0.12 and 2.29±0.15, while for the treatment group were 1.53±0.11 and 1.60±0.04 (p=0.000). Apoptosis index for the control group for week 8 was 0.00±0.00 and 0.92±0.22 in week 26, while the treatment group was 1.12±0.71 and 2.02±1.05 (p=0.000).Conclusion: The administration of mahkota dewa polyphenol effectively inhibited the cell proliferation activity and increased apoptosis measured by apoptosis index. Therefore polyphenol has anticancer and antioxidant activities which can inhibit lung carcinogenesis in Balb/c mice