39 research outputs found
Angle-resolved photoemission study of the role of nesting and orbital orderings in the antiferromagnetic phase of BaFe2As2
We present a detailed comparison of the electronic structure of BaFe2As2 in
its paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases, through angle-resolved
photoemission studies. Using different experimental geometries, we resolve the
full elliptic shape of the electron pockets, including parts of dxy symmetry
along its major axis that are usually missing. This allows us to define
precisely how the hole and electron pockets are nested and how the different
orbitals evolve at the transition. We conclude that the imperfect nesting
between hole and electron pockets explains rather well the formation of gaps
and residual metallic droplets in the AFM phase, provided the relative parity
of the different bands is taken into account. Beyond this nesting picture, we
observe shifts and splittings of numerous bands at the transition. We show that
the splittings are surface sensitive and probably not a reliable signature of
the magnetic order. On the other hand, the shifts indicate a significant
redistribution of the orbital occupations at the transition, especially within
the dxz/dyz system, which we discuss
Surface effects on the Mott-Hubbard transition in archetypal VO
We present an experimental and theoretical study exploring surface effects on
the evolution of the metal-insulator transition in the model Mott-Hubbard
compound Cr-doped VO. We find a microscopic domain formation that is
clearly affected by the surface crystallographic orientation. Using scanning
photoelectron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, we find that surface defects
act as nucleation centers for the formation of domains at the
temperature-induced isostructural transition and favor the formation of
microscopic metallic regions. A density functional theory plus dynamical mean
field theory study of different surface terminations shows that the surface
reconstruction with excess vanadyl cations leads to doped, and hence more
metallic surface states, explaining our experimental observations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Ultrafast filling of an electronic pseudogap in an incommensurate crystal
We investigate the quasiperiodic crystal (LaS)1.196(VS2) by angle and time
resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The dispersion of electronic states is in
qualitative agreement with band structure calculated for the VS2 slab without
the incommensurate distortion. Nonetheless, the spectra display a temperature
dependent pseudogap instead of quasiparticles crossing. The sudden
photoexcitation at 50 K induces a partial filling of the electronic pseudogap
within less than 80 fs. The electronic energy flows into the lattice modes on a
comparable timescale. We attribute this surprisingly short timescale to a very
strong electron-phonon coupling to the incommensurate distortion. This result
sheds light on the electronic localization arising in aperiodic structures and
quasicrystals
Ultrafast filling of an electronic pseudogap in photoexcited (LaS) 1.196 VS 2
We investigate by angle and time resolved photoemission spectroscopy the unusual insulating state of strongly distorted triangular V slabs in (LaS)1.196VS2. We show that the electronic structure is dominated by the lowest band of the V t2g manifold, which disperses over 0.7 eV and is nearly filled. Hence, (LaS)1.196VS2 is not a Mott insulator. The spectra are strongly temperature dependent, shifting by 100 meV upon cooling to 50 K. The sudden photoexcitation at 50K induces a partial filling of the electronic pseudogap within less than 80 fs. The electronic energy flows into the lattice modes on a comparable timescale. We conclude that a very strong electron-phonon coupling makes this state extremely sensitive to small perturbations of the V clusters distortions
Orbitally resolved lifetimes in Ba(Fe0.92Co0.08)2As2 measured by ARPES
Despite many ARPES investigations of iron pnictides, the structure of the
electron pockets is still poorly understood. By combining ARPES measurements in
different experimental configurations, we clearly resolve their elliptic shape.
Comparison with band calculation identify a deep electron band with the dxy
orbital and a shallow electron band along the perpendicular ellipse axis with
the dxz/dyz orbitals. We find that, for both electron and hole bands, the
lifetimes associated with dxy are longer than for dxz/dyz. This suggests that
the two types of orbitals play different roles in the electronic properties and
that their relative weight is a key parameter to determine the ground state
Valence band electronic structure of V2O3: identification of V and O bands
We present a comprehensive study of the photon energy dependence of the
valence band photoemission yield in the prototype Mott-Hubbard oxide V2O3. The
analysis of our experimental results, covering an extended photon energy range
(20-6000 eV) and combined with GW calculations, allow us to identify the nature
of the orbitals contributing to the total spectral weight at different binding
energies, and in particular to locate the V 4s at about 8 eV binding energy.
From this comparative analysis we can conclude that the intensity of the
quasiparticle photoemission peak, observed close to the Fermi level in the
paramagnetic metallic phase upon increasing photon energy, does not have a
significant correlation with the intensity variation of the O 2p and V 3d
yield, thus confirming that bulk sensitivity is an essential requirement for
the detection of this coherent low energy excitation
Reply to: Ultrafast evolution and transient phases of a prototype out-of-equilibrium Mott-Hubbard material
International audienceReplying to D. Moreno-MencĂa et al. Nature Communicationshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11743-3 (2019)
Tumour-associated endothelial-FAK correlated with molecular sub-type and prognostic factors in invasive breast cancer
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be classified into one of 4 main molecular sub-types: luminal A, luminal B, Her2 over-expressing and basal-like (BL). These tumour sub-types require different treatments and have different risks of disease progression. BL cancers can be considered a sub-group of Triple negative (TN) cancers since they lack estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and Her2 expression. No targeted treatment currently exists for TN/BL cancers. Thus it is important to identify potential therapeutic targets and describe their relationship with established prognostic factors. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is upregulated in several human cancers and also plays a functional role in tumour angiogenesis. However, the association between breast cancer sub-types and tumour endothelial-FAK expression is unknown. METHODS: Using immunofluorescence, we quantified FAK expression in tumour endothelial and tumour cell compartments in 149 invasive breast carcinomas and correlated expression with clinical, pathological and molecular parameters. RESULTS: Low endothelial-FAK expression was independently associated with luminal A tumours at univariate (pâ<â0.001) and multivariate (pâ=â0.001) analysis. There was a positive correlation between FAK expression in the vascular and tumour cell compartments (Spearmanâs correlation co-efficientâ=â0.394, pâ<â0.001). Additionally, endothelial and tumour cell FAK expression were significantly increased in TN tumours (pâ=â0.043 and pâ=â0.033 respectively), in tumours with negative ER and PR status, and in high grade tumours at univariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Our findings establish a relationship between endothelial-FAK expression levels and the molecular sub-type of invasive breast cancer, and suggest that endothelial-FAK expression is potentially more clinically relevant than tumour cell FAK expression in breast cancer
Tumor matrix stiffness promotes metastatic cancer cell interaction with the endothelium
Tumor progression alters the composition and physical properties of the extracellular matrix. Particularly, increased matrix stiffness has profound effects on tumor growth and metastasis. While endothelial cells are key players in cancer progression, the influence of tumor stiffness on the endothelium and the impact on metastasis is unknown. Through quantitative mass spectrometry, we find that the matricellular protein CCN1/CYR61 is highly regulated by stiffness in endothelial cells. We show that stiffnessâinduced CCN1 activates ÎČâcatenin nuclear translocation and signaling and that this contributes to upregulate Nâcadherin levels on the surface of the endothelium, in vitro. This facilitates Nâcadherinâdependent cancer cellâendothelium interaction. Using intravital imaging, we show that knockout of Ccn1 in endothelial cells inhibits melanoma cancer cell binding to the blood vessels, a critical step in cancer cell transit through the vasculature to metastasize. Targeting stiffnessâinduced changes in the vasculature, such as CCN1, is therefore a potential yet unappreciated mechanism to impair metastasis