ADAPTATION PECULIARITIES OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

Dramatic events related to the Russian-Ukrainian war shook up not only Ukraine, but the entire civilized world. The war exacerbated not only economic, political, and demographic problems, but also defined as priority tasks the physical rescue of a person, the preservation of his life and health, comprehensive assistance in migration, arranging life and living in critical conditions, overcoming fear and hopelessness. Russia broke all the rules of life on the planet and distinguished itself by atrocities, murders of civilians, looting, and rape. Ukrainians, who are faced with the challenges of life and death today, are looking for ways to preserve not only their territories, above all, their language, culture, education, and authenticity. Our desire for global and European values requires not only the support of the Armed Forces, but each person in his place to work to the best of his ability to support public life in all its dimensions. Education also requires new approaches to content, values, psychological and pedagogical principles, organizational forms, and tools to overcome the challenges facing Ukraine today. In the center of attention of the higher school now is the student whose life, in addition to traditional challenges, has been complicated by war, uncertainty about the future, confusion, despair, a difficult economic situation, the lack of an opportunity to provide basic needs, distance learning, etc. All this, as evidenced by our survey of students of higher education, often leads to maladaptation, depressive states, disappointment, apathy, anxiety, etc. Therefore, the stated situation actualizes the problem of finding optimal ways of adaptation of higher education students in crisis conditions, which will be outlined in our research. In order to identify the peculiarities of students` adaptation to crisis conditions, we conducted a study related to various aspects of their life. It included the possibility to receive psychological support during a crisis period. It is associated with a pandemic and war; awareness and understanding of external and internal factors of crisis conditions that influence student life; the process of adaptation to distance learning in crisis conditions; elucidation of the reasons  that negatively  influence/influenced the distance learning process in crisis conditions; determining positive  potential of distance learning in crisis conditions; evaluation by  students of educational process effectiveness in crisis conditions.

INTRAPERSONAL CONFLICT FACTORS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

An essential characteristic of pedagogical activity is its conflict potential. Such specific features as high social and normative expectations and significant overloading of roles in combination with individual psychological characteristics of teacher's personality lead to the emergence or exacerbation of various intrapersonal conflicts. Unsettled conflict usually becomes a constant source of discontent with yourself and the environment, causes a high level of anxiety, starts devastating processes of emotional burnout. Therefore, it is important to provide timely assistance to teachers in situations of intrapersonal conflicts.The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of empirical identification of intrapersonal conflict factors of primary school teachers. To achieve this goal it is necessary to solve the following tasks: 1) to investigate the factors of teachers conflict behaviour at the empirical level; 2) to determine the specifics and nature of the relationship between the level and characteristics of conflict and creativity, between the motivation of achievement and development of subjective qualities of a primary school teacher.Research tools: adapted methods of K.Thomas (N.Hrishyna) on the diagnosis of the style of behaviour in a conflict situation; methods of diagnosis of personality motivation for success (T.Ehlers); methods of studying frustration reactions (S.Rosenzweig); methods of diagnostics of interpersonal relations (L.Sobchyk); A.Rukavyshnikov’s methods for the definition of mental burnout; Drawing Apperceptive Test (DAT); methods of self-actualization A.Maslow adapted by Gozman, Kroz Latinskaya. The total number of respondents - 32 primary school teachers of secondary schools in Drohobych, Lviv region.The analysis of the obtained results showed that: 1) there are specific characteristic connections between the level and features of conflict, creativity, between the motivation of achievement and development of subjective qualities of a person; 2) internal conflict as an interpersonal phenomenon is both a personal characteristic and a determinant of social interaction. It has been found that rivalry, low verbal creativity, lack of communicative competence in combination with extrapunitive type of reactions cause increased conflict. According to the results of the researches, a significant number of primary school teachers under study (32%) have increased intrapersonal conflict. Of course, this alarming indicator prevents the establishment of optimal pedagogical communication and provokes conflict among children of primary school age.

FORMATION OF YOUNGER PUPILS' SUSTAINABLE INTEREST TO TAKE PHYSICAL CULTURE IN OUTDOOR EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The results of the study and the data of Ukrainian and foreign scientists showed that children are passively involved in physical activity. School lessons of physical culture lose their priority among the preferences of students. The interests of younger students in physical education contradict with the curriculum. Physical development has a declarative and situational nature, since only about 20% of children engage in motor activity in the morning. In view of this, the author developed a method of forming a sustainable interest in physical education and sports during the extracurricular institution, which has been introduced from 2017 to the present at the University of Gifted Child (UGC), which operates at the Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University (Ukraine). Here, they have created a special educational, development and leisure environment of health-conscious content. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the effectiveness of this process is provided by a number of conditions: students have knowledge of physical culture and sports, health, well-known fellow countrymen; practical activity of children; valuable attitude of younger students to physical education, motivation for healthy lifestyle, emotional satisfaction from exercise, physical activity, sports, active rest; highly professional teaching staff who are well-known athletes, creative students; innovative methods and forms of learning, etc. It is proved that if significant attention is paid to the cognitive and value components, then it is possible to generate more intense interest in physical culture in childre

DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGERIAL COMPETENCE OF HEADS OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

In the crisis conditions of challenges and restrictions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and the martial law in Ukraine, it is important to ensure stability and efficiency in the management of educational institutions. It is possible due to the condition of development of managerial competence of managers. We consider the managerial competence of educational institutions leaders is a personal phenomenon. It combines psychological, theoretical and practical readiness for managerial activities in the specific conditions of the institution's existence. For the development of managerial competence, appropriate conditions are important, as well as an actual profile, the structure of which includes: development orientation; emotional intelligence; cooperation; ability to create a safe environment; organizational capacity. As a result of the actualization of the crisis situation, the public demand for managers-leaders is increasing, hence the need to analyze, develop a theory and use leadership strategies by the heads of general secondary education institutions, since they are the basis of the manifestation of their managerial competence in crisis conditions. Our research was organized during 2018/2021 (n 112.) It showed a contradiction between the need for development and the lack of managerial competence and leadership strategies among managers in the field of education. In order to develop this property, a program of psychological and pedagogical support was developed and implemented. The results of the program's implementation confirmed its effectiveness and made it possible to conclude that the development of managerial competence can effectively take place within the limits of individual trajectories of professional growth of heads of institutions in the field of education.

Communicative Competence as a Subjective Determinant: Globalization and Personal Aspects

The content and the specific process of communicative competence formation of the individuality are justified in the article; social determinants that determine the need to improve this process and harmonization with the needs of society and individuality are defined. The educational, psychological, philosophical sources are analysed, the main directions of research on definite problem are characterized. The essence of communicative competence as the educational phenomenon is found; the importance of communicative competence in today's conditions is proved. The attention is paid to the main principles and methods of communicative competence of the individuality

Społeczne uwarunkowania edukacji przedszkolnej i wczesnoszkolnej. Doświadczenia ukraińskie i europejskie

In the article it has been mentioned the social determinants of preschool and elementary education in the light of through the Ukrainian and European endeavours. The attention was paid to the questions considering the assonance of preschool and elementary education of children in the countries of the European Union and Ukraine. It has been synthesised the requirements stated to parents and tutors of the primary school considering the creation of favourable conditions for the development, teaching, upbringing and socialization of the child both at preschool age and at the elementary school age.W artykule zostały przedstawione społeczne determinanty edukacji przedszkolnej i podstawowej poprzez pryzmat ukraińskiego i europejskiego doświadczenia. Uwagę skupiono na pytaniach dotyczących przedszkolnej i podstawowej edukacji dzieci w krajach Unii Europejskiej i na Ukrainie. Badano zadania rodziców, wychowawców przedszkolnych placówek edukacyjnych oraz nauczycieli szkoły podstawowej dotyczących tworzenia optymalnych warunków rozwoju, nauczania, wychowania, socjalizacji przedszkolaka i ucznia klas podstawowych