Финансы в России и мире: концептуальные аспекты

The modern digital economy requires “new finance”. The subject of the study is to clarify their content, and the goal is to develop the author’s view of the term of “finance”. The relevance of the topic is dictated by the need to analyze complex theoretical questions of technological transformation of financial markets and activities of financial intermediaries. The scientific novelty consists of the theoretical contribution of the theory of finance evolution in the digital era. The main research methods are systemic and logical approaches, the method of theoretical cognition, the historical method and the method of scientific abstraction. The results of the study are clarification the essence of finance and applied issues of their use in Russia and abroad. It will contribute to the development of a scientific doctrine of digital assets circulation; will allow to refine the model of the activities of financial intermediaries’ regulation in our country and lay the foundation for the formation of global norms and rules for the development of national and international financial markets of the CIS, the EAEU, the SCO, and BRICS countries. The conclusions of the study are: a) confirmation of the author’s position on the essence of finance. The paper indicates that, in the context of the economy’s digital revolution, the substance of economic categories stays constant, although their forms vary according to innovation, behavioral characteristics, and other factors; b) without rejecting the rational knowledge formed in the Western scientific school, the authors emphasize that the social sciences cannot be global, they have a national character; c) based on the investigation, the author defines “finance” as a distribution category in the development and utilization of financial resources.Современная цифровая экономика требует «новых финансов». Предметом исследования является выяснение их содержания, а целью — разработка авторской позиции толкования дефиниции «финансы». Актуальность темы продиктована необходимостью исследовать сложные теоретические вопросы технологической трансформации финансовых рынков и деятельности финансовых посредников. Научная новизна состоит в обосновании эволюции теории финансов в цифровую эпоху. Основными методами исследования являются системный, логический, теоретического познания, исторический и  научной абстракции. Результаты исследования включают выяснение сущности и прикладных вопросов использования финансов в России и за рубежом, что, по мнению авторов, будет способствовать развитию научной доктрины обращения цифровых активов; позволит скорректировать модель регулирования деятельности финансовых посредников в нашей стране и заложить основу формирования наднациональных норм и  правил развития национальных и  международных финансовых рынков стран СНГ, ЕАЭС, ШОС, БРИКС. Выводы исследования включают: а) обоснование авторской позиции о сущности финансов. В статье подчеркивается, что в условиях цифровой трансформации экономики сущность экономических категорий остается неизменной, в то время как их формы видоизменяются под влиянием инноваций, поведенческих аспектов и других факторов; б) не отвергая рациональное знание, сформировавшееся в западной научной школе, авторы подчеркивают, что общественные науки не могут быть глобальными, они имеют национальный характер; в) на основе проведенного анализа дано авторское определение дефиниции «финансы» как распределительной категории в процессе формирования и использования финансовых ресурсов

Forecast of the Development of Sediment Pile Foundations in Water-Saturated Clay Soils

The article presents the methodology and the main results of experimental studies of the laws governing the development of single-pile sediment in time on models under short-term and long-term exposure to loads. The obtained data are compared with the results of observations of precipitation of natural foundations. Indicates the direction of further research on the development of methods for predicting the sediment pile foundations. Established the legitimacy of the design of pile foundations for the maximum allowable deformations in the conditions of water-saturated clay soils. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Lithologic-facies and paleogeographic features of Mid-Upper Jurassic oil-gas bearing sediments in Nurolsk depression (Western Siberia)

Bathonian-Callovian-Oxfordian sedimentation environment reconstruction in SE Nurolsk depression, Western Siberia has been described. Paleogeographic and litho-geochemical features of sediments, numerous plant remains and ichnofossils indicated the fact that this territory during the Naunaksk suite formation was the transition in-situ sedimentogenesis. Based on the integrated research data, the potential litho-facies were identified in the Mid-Upper sediments within Nurolsk depression, Western Siberia

Вызовы фондовых рынков Евразийского экономического союза: аналитический подход

Strengthening cooperation of the Eurasian Economic Union member-countries is the best solution to mitigate trade wars, unfair competition and worsening of international economic relations. The article reveals the significant correlation of the stock indices based on the analysis of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) stock markets. The objective of the article is to introduce recommendations aimed at optimising cooperation of EAEU member-states and expanding their interaction in the financial sphere. Bloomberg data for 2000-2017 together with Excel tools have been used which allowed to prove the hypothesis of interdependence between the most developed stock markets: Moscow and Kazakhstan. The graphical analysis of the research has showed that a correlation between the indicators of these stock trading floors appeared in 2008, when the effects of the global financial and economic crisis were being overcome. There was no interdependence between the indices of the Moscow and Kazakhstan marketplaces until 2007. The research has showed that the EAEU stock market indices depend significantly on the production of raw materials and commodity prices. In the conditions of the financial relations development, the EAEU has proposed to use the world experience of strengthening the economic cooperation of European countries and their methods to overcome the crisis phenomena of the 1950s. The EAEU has to harmonize financial policies and financial relations, simplify entrepreneur access to lending, improve tax breaks for exporters of manufactured goods and grant subsidies to new sectors of the economy. The European experience can help the EAEU to overcome difficulties and solve cooperation problems.Укрепление сотрудничества стран Евразийского экономического союза — лучшее решение для смягчения последствий торговых войн, недобросовестной конкуренции и ухудшения международных экономических отношений. В статье представлены результаты анализа индексов фондовых рынков Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС), на базе которых выявлена их значительная корреляция. Цель статьи — разработка рекомендаций, направленных на оптимизацию сотрудничества стран — членов ЕАЭС и расширение взаимодействия сторон в финансовой сфере. Использованы данные Bloomberg за период 2000–2017 гг. и технология Excel, что позволило на базе публикуемых индексов торговых площадок ЕАЭС подтвердить гипотезу о взаимозависимости наиболее развитых фондовых рынков: московского и казахстанского. Графический анализ исследования показал, что корреляция показателей указанных торговых площадок возникла в 2008 г. —  в период преодоления последствий глобального финансово-экономического кризиса. До 2007 г. взаимозависимости индексов московской и казахстанской торговых площадок не наблюдалось. Проведенное исследование показало, что индексы фондовых рынков ЕАЭС в значительной степени зависят от производства сырья и цен на сырьевые товары. В условиях развития финансовых отношений ЕАЭС предложено использовать мировой опыт укрепления экономического сотрудничества европейских стран и методы преодоления ими кризисных явлений 50-х гг. ХХ в. ЕАЭС необходима гармонизация финансовой политики и финансовых отношений, упрощение доступа предпринимателей к кредитованию, совершенствование налоговых льгот экспортерам промышленных товаров и порядка предоставления субсидий новым отраслям экономики. Использование европейского опыта в ЕАЭС может способствовать преодолению проблем и решению задач сотрудничества

Features of Morphometric Changes in Platelets and Red Blood Cells in Women with Various Forms of Hypertensive Disorders in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

Background. Arterial hypertension during pregnancy is accompanied by pronounced changes in microcirculation and hemostasis in the system, the state of which is largely determined by the structural and functional properties of red blood cells and platelets. The study of quantitative and morphometric characteristics of blood cells will expand the existing understanding of their role in the pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders.Aim of the research. To study the quantitative and morphometric indicators of red blood cells and platelets in pregnant women with various forms of hypertensive disorders, on the basis of which to develop an additional method for the diagnosis of preeclampsia. Materials and methods. 237 women in the third trimester of pregnancy were examined. The main group (167 women) included patients with various forms of hypertensive disorders. The comparison group included 70 pregnant women without signs of hypertensive disorders. The characteristic of clinical and anamnestic data of the studied groups is given. A comparative analysis of the number and morphometric parameters of red blood cells and platelets was performed.Results. With moderate and severe preeclampsia, a decrease in the level of red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit was not accompanied by changes in red blood cell indices. In women with preeclampsia, regardless of the presence of chronic arterial hypertension, an increase in the average dry weight, average volume and degree of platelet anisocytosis was detected. In severe preeclampsia and preeclampsia with underlying of  chronic arterial hypertension, an increase in the number of large forms of platelets and their granulocytosis was revealed, and in addition, in severe cases of preeclampsia, a decrease in platelet level was noted.Conclusions. Modern hematological analyzers make it possible to establish the nature of not only quantitative, but also morphometric changes in red blood cells and platelets, thereby complementing the existing understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Using average dry platelet mass and average blood pressure may be useful in diagnosing preeclampsia

Visual and molecular serologic diagnosis of sarcocystosis in cattle

The purpose of the research is to provide a comparative assessment of efficacy of different diagnostic methods for sarcocystosis in cattle.Materials and methods. Seventy-eight bovine carcasses were examined using methods and regulations of veterinary and sanitary examination. Muscles of the esophagus and other parts of the carcass as well as the spleen, lungs, the liver, and kidneys were examined. The compressor research method was used. A total of 156 compressoria from 78 bovine carcasses were analyzed for tissue sarcocystosis. For life-time diagnostics of bovine sarcocystosis, a molecular serologic method (ELISA) was used that was developed based on antibody detection principles.Results and discussion. Two diagnostic methods, visual inspection and compressor microscopy, identified 13 out of 78 carcasses with Sarcocystis species, which was 16.6%. The number of sarcocystosis animals increased by another 23 cases when studying blood sera from the cattle using ELISA. Thus, we found 36 animals suffering from sarcocystosis out of 78 examined, which was 46%, with tests based on different principles

СПОСОБ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ ЛИЧИНОК Toxocara canis ИЗ ПАРЕНХИМЫ ПЕЧЕНИ И ЛЕГКИХ ПЛОТОЯДНЫХ ЖИВОТНЫХ

The method of allocation of Toxocara canis larvae from parenchyma of liver and lung of carnivorous animals for postmortem diagnostics of toxocarosis is of-fered at a weak infection and in prepatent period. The received culture of larvae of T. canis can be used for studying pathogenesis of the diseases, carrying out genetic researches and receiving proteins with diagnostic and protective properties. The list of the equipment, reactants and solutions for allocation of T. canis larvae is given. The work course which consists of preparation of tests of tissue of a liver and lungs, preparation of artificial gastric juice, digestion of tissues, an assessment of the re-sults, concentration of T. canis larvae is described. For researches take samples of a parenchyma of lungs or a liver weighing 50 g, crush on a meat grinder. Samples digest to the current of 50 min. at a temperature of 41–42 °C. After 10 minute up-holding a deposit merge in Petri's cups and investigate on existence of T. canis lar-vae and their mobility. For concentration of a material a deposit centrifuge during 10 min.Предложен способ выделения личинок Toxocara canis из паренхимы печени и легких плотоядных животных для посмертной диагностики токсокароза при слабой инвазии и в период препатентной стадии. Полученную культуру личинок T. canis можно использовать для изучения патогенеза болезни, проведения генетических исследований и получения белков с диагностическими и протективными свойствами. Дан перечень оборудования, реактивов и растворов для выделения личинок T. canis. Описан ход работы, который состоит из подготовки проб ткани печени и легких, приготовления искусственного желудочного сока, переваривания проб тканей, оценки результатов, концентрации личинок T. canis. Для исследований берут пробы паренхимы легких или печени массой 50 г, измельчают на мясорубке. Пробы переваривают в течение 50 мин при температуре 41-42 оС при постоянном перемешивании. После 10-минутного отстаивания осадок сливают в чашки Петри и исследуют на наличие личинок T. canis и их подвижность. Для концентрации материала осадок центрифугируют 10 мин при 5000 об./мин

МУТАЦИИ МИКОБАКТЕРИИ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА, ОБУСЛОВЛИВАЮЩИЕ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ К РИФАМПИЦИНУ И ИЗОНИАЗИДУ, У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С РАЗНЫМ ВИЧ-СТАТУСОМ

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Treatment of Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension with Preservative-Free Tafluprost/Timolol Fixed-Dose Combination Therapy : The VISIONARY Study

Funding Information: Funding was provided by Santen SA for the study, medical writing services and Rapid Service Fees. All authors had full access to all of the data in this study and take complete responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis. The contribution of IRCCS Fondazione Bietti to this work was supported by the Italian Ministry of Health and by Fondazione Roma. Publisher Copyright: © 2020, The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Introduction: A non-interventional, multicenter, European, prospective evaluation of the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of a topical preservative-free tafluprost (0.0015%) and timolol (0.5%) fixed-dose combination (PF tafluprost/timolol FC) in adults with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT) demonstrating insufficient response to topical beta-receptor blockers or prostaglandin analogue (PGA) monotherapy. Methods: Mean intraocular pressure (IOP) change from baseline was measured at study visits following a switch to PF tafluprost/timolol FC. Primary endpoint was absolute mean IOP change at month 6. Change from baseline concerning ocular signs and symptoms was also explored. Results: Analyses included 577 patients (59.6% female). Mean age (SD) was 67.8 (11.67) years. Mean (SD) IOP reduction from baseline was significant at all study visits; 5.4 (3.76) mmHg (23.7%) at week 4, 5.9 (3.90) mmHg (25.6%) at week 12, and 5.7 (4.11) mmHg (24.9%) at month 6 (p < 0.0001 for all visits). At month 6, 69.2%, 53.6%, 40.0%, and 25.8% were responders based on ≥ 20%, ≥ 25%, ≥ 30%, and ≥ 35% cutoff values for mean IOP, respectively. Significant reductions were observed concerning corneal fluorescein staining (p < 0.0001), dry eye symptoms, irritation, itching, and foreign body sensation (p < 0.001 for each parameter). Conjunctival hyperemia was significantly reduced at all study visits (p < 0.0001 at each visit). Overall, 69 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were reported, one of which was serious (status asthmaticus). Most AEs were mild to moderate in severity, and the majority had resolved or were resolving at the end of the study period. Conclusion: In clinical practice, PF tafluprost/timolol FC provided statistically and clinically significant IOP reductions in patients with OAG and OHT insufficiently controlled on or intolerant to PGA or beta-receptor blocker monotherapy. The full IOP reduction appeared at week 4 and was maintained over the 6-month study period. Key symptoms of ocular surface health improved. Trial Registration: European Union electronic Register of Post-Authorisation Studies (EU PAS) register number, EUPAS22204.publishersversionPeer reviewe

СПЕКТР ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ С ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬЮ К РИФАМПИЦИНУ И РЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТЬЮ К ИЗОНИАЗИДУ У БОЛЬНЫХ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗОМ ЛЕГКИХ

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