Holographic dark energy through Kaniadakis entropy in non flat universe

By extending the standard holographic principle to a cosmological framework and combining the non-flat condition with the Kaniadakis entropy, we construct the non-flat Kaniadakis holographic dark energy model. The model employs Kaniadakis parameter $K$ and a parameter $c$. Derivation of the differential equation for KHDE density parameter to describe the evolutionary behavior of the universe is obtained. Such a differential equation could explain both the open as well as closed universe models. The classification based on matter and dark energy (DE) dominated regimes show that the KHDE scenario may be used to specify the Universe's thermal history and that a quintom regime can be encountered. For open and closed both the cases, we find the expressions for the deceleration parameter and the equation of state (EoS) parameter. Also, by varying the associated parameters, classical stability of the method is established. On considering the curvature to be positive, the universe favors the quintom behavior for substantially smaller values as opposed to the flat condition, when only quintessence is attained for such $K$ values. Additionally, we see a similar behavior while considering the curvature to be negative for such $K$ values. Therefore, adding a little bit of spatial geometry that isn't flat to the KHDE enhances the phenomenology while maintaining $K$ values at lower levels. To validate the model parameters, the most recent $30\;H(z)$ dataset measurements, in the redshift range $0.07 \leq z \leq 1.965$ are utilized. In addition, the distance modulus measurement from the current Union 2.1 data set of type Ia supernovae are employed.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figure

A clinical profile of liver function tests in COVID-19 patients at tertiary care centre from north India

Background: The coronavirus is a large group of virus, which spread rapidly as an epidemic in china and was named initially as 2019 novel corona virus and subsequently named as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by World Health Organization (WHO). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a dramatic loss of human life globally and manifests a variety of clinical symptoms varying from fever, cough, headache, myalgias, nausea, vomiting to more severe pneumonia, ARDS, septic shock and multiorgan failure. SARS-CoV-2, primarily affect respiratory system but COVID-19 patients also have varying levels of liver injuries or liver dysfunction. This retrospective study was designed to analyze the clinical features, liver function and duration of hospital stay with confirmed cases of covid-19 in a tertiary care centre.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Isolation ward, Level -2 Covid Hospital, Government Medical College, Kannauj, Uttar Pradesh (India), from April to June 2021. A detailed history and examination was carried out as per the pre-designed proforma. The liver function test included alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. Patients were considered with abnormal LFTs when any value of these tests was higher than upper limit of normal.Results: One hundred and ten patients with covid-19 were enrolled during the study period. There were 74 males (67.2%) and 36 (32.7%) females.  The mean age of study population was 49.07±12.05 years. In present study, the mean value of serum bilirubin, SGPT, SGOT and ALP were 0.85±0.47 mg/dl, 74.6±66.9 IU/L, 48.45±36.86 IU/L and 229.25±69.79 IU/L, respectively. In present study, the abnormal liver function was seen in 67.2 % cases with COVID-19 patients. The mean duration of hospital stay among normal LFT and abnormal LFT patients group were 13.33±2.12 and 17.10±2.07 days, respectively.Conclusions: The present study highlighted that abnormal liver function was observed in 67.2% cases with COVID-19 patients. Further research should focus on the cause of liver injury in covid 19 and on treatment and outcome

A Review Paper on Emotion Recognition Using Facial Expression

Facial expressions are the quickest means that of communication whereas transference any kind of info. These do not seem to be solely exposes the sensitivity or feelings of anyone, however, may be wont to choose his/her mental views. This paper includes the introduction of the face recognition associate in nursing face expression recognition and an investigation on the recent previous researches for extracting the effective and economical technique for face expression recognition

Outcome of substitutional urethroplasty by using dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft: our experience of 10 years

Background: The term urethral stricture is anterior urethral disease, or a scarring process involving the spongy erectile tissue of the corpus spongiosum. Methods: Total 127 patients were included in the study. Patient selection criteria for urethroplasty by using buccal mucosal graft was length of stricture more than 2 cm, deep spongiofibrosis, failed optical urethrotomy for 3 times, adequate oral hygiene and proper buccal mucosa. Results: Length of stricture varied from 3.2 to 14 cm. In first postoperative week, 20.47% (n=26) patients developed minor wound infection culture negative seroma formation in stitch line in the skin. Donor site complications like eating and drinking difficulty, dysguesia, pain, sensitivity, speaking disorders were not found in any patient while oral tightness was noted in 43.30% (n=55) of patients. On postoperative follow-up mean peak urinary flow rate (Qmax) was 28.0 ml/sec (range 20.0-30.6 ml/sec). After a mean follow-up of 8.8 months range (1 month to 33 months) overall success rate was 90.55% (n=115). Conclusions: Buccal mucosa is an excellent graft material for substitution free graft urethroplasty in case of long anterior urethral stricture with excellent success rate. Success rate of dorsal onlay substitution free buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty is affected by length of stricture and aetiology of strictures. Lichen sclerosus having moderate success rate of urethroplasty and higher rate of complication and failure rate in 1-stage buccal mucosal urethroplasty and can be considered for two stage urethroplasty in case of very long stricture of anterior urethra of lichen sclerosus origin

Te mperature Dependent Decline in Soil Methane Oxidizing Bacterial Population in Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest Ecosystems

Abstract: Culturable methanotrophic bacteria (CMB) were studied in the soils of forest and savanna of tropical dry deciduous forest ecosystems employing most probable number (MPN) technique. The spatiotemporal study was conducted at the six sites differing in the soil physicochemical properties and vegetational cover. CMB population was high in the moist sites compared to the dry sites and in sub soil below 10 cm depth. The top soil population ranged between 7.0 × 10 4 to