Role of propranolol in the management of infantile hemangioma

Background: Infantile hemangiomas are the most common benign soft tissue tumor of infancy and childhood occurring 4-10% of all infants. It is more frequent in premature children (23% of infants <1200g) and females (3:1 to 5:1). For many hemangiomas treatment is not required, however hemangioma in some locations need treatment to prevent complication. The Present study was done with an Aim to assess the efficacy and safety of oral Propranolol in management of infantile heamangioma in our set-up.Methods: This study was conducted from May 2016 to Nov 2017 at Department of Surgery and Pediatrics, M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi after obtaining Ethical permission. Patients having confirmed were recruited & admitted for initiation of Oral Propranolol therapy for 5 days under the observation of Paediatrician. Oral Propranolol treatment was continued till the age of 11/2 years. A clinical assessment was made at each visit to the Outpatients Clinic every four weeks.Results: The incidences of infantile hemangioma were more in age group (0-7 months) i.e 55% (22 patients) followed by age group of (8-15 days) i.e. 30% (12 patients). As age advances presentation gradually decreases as after 30 days incidence is only 5%. Infantile hemangioma were more common in females’ patients (55% patients) & mostly 90% (36 patients) present as single lesion and only 10% (4 patients) present as multiple lesions. Most of hemangiomas presented as reddish in color 80% (32 patients) which reflected lesions are mostly superficial & only 10% were brownish red and 10% skin color indicated incidence of deeper penetration.Conclusion: Authors found that drug (Propranolol) to be effective even at low dose of 1mg/kg/day. In our study group it was effective and safe in almost all patients

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF GLYCEROL IN CRYOPRESERVATION OF GADDI GOAT SEMEN

Goats have greater importance under small familiar systems in India. The unabated decline in Gaddi males of superior genetic merit due to extensive culling and unplanned breeding (inbreeding) accentuates the importance of conserve superior males and their use for artificial insemination. The available literature is unequivocal about the importance of glycerol during sperm cryopreservation. However, the optimal level seems to vary between species and breeds. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of glycerol (6, 7, and 8%) on the quality of thawed semen from Gaddi bucks. A total of 180 ejaculates from six Gaddi buck were frozen in Tris citrate extender containing 10% of Egg Yolk with 6, 7, or 8% of glycerol. Sperm quality parameters in thawed semen (morphological abnormalities, sperm viability, progressive motility, and HOST response) were compared; in addition, the percentage of change in thawed semen with respect to fresh was determined. No effect of concentration of glycerol was observed on progressive motility and HOST response. Sperm viability was better in semen frozen at 6 and 8% (45.26±1.32% and 45.10±2.81% respectively) in comparison with 7% of glycerol (34.81±2.78%, P<0.05). Lower sperm morphological abnormalities were observed in semen frozen at 6% of glycerol (7.93±0.28, P<0.05) in comparison with 7% (9.18±0.69%) and 8% (9.90±0.55%). A fertility rate of 41.25% was achieved following AI with semen frozen containing 6% of glycerol. In conclusions, 6% of glycerol was a valid option to cryopreservation of semen from Gaddi buck, resulting in better viability and lower abnormalities. In addition, a good fertility response was observed.RESUMENLas cabras están teniendo mayor importancia en los pequeños sistemas familiares en India. Sin embargo, la disminución deliberada de machos Gaddi de alto merito genético debido a la eliminación excesiva y a los cruzamientos no planificados (consanguinidad) acentúan la importancia de conservar machos superiores y su uso para inseminación artificial. La literatura disponible ha confirmado la importancia del glicerol durante la criopreservación espermática. Sin embargo, el nivel óptimo parece variar entre especies y razas. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes concentraciones de glicerol (6, 7 y 8%) sobre la calidad del semen descongelado de machos de raza Gaddi. Un total de 180 eyaculados de seis machos fueron congelado en diluyente a base de Tris citrato conteniendo 10% de yema de huevo con 6, 7 u 8% de glicerol. Los parámetros de calidad espermática en el semen descongelado (motilidad progresiva, viabilidad, anomalías morfológicas y respuesta a HOST) fueron comparadas, además el porcentaje de cambio de cada parámetro con respecto al semen fresco fue determinado. No se observó un efecto del nivel de glicerol sobre la motilidad progresiva y la respuesta al HOST. La viabilidad espermática fue mejor en el semen congelado con 6 y8% de glicerol (45,26±1,32% y 45,10±2,81% respectivamente) en comparación con el semen congelado con 7% de glicerol (34,81±2,78%, P<0,05). Menos morfoanomalías fueron observadas en el semen congelado con 6% de glicerol (7,93±0,28, P<0,05) en comparación con el congelado con 7% (9,18±0,69%) y 8% (9,90±0,55%). Una tasa de 41,25% de fertilidad fue alcanzada luego de la inseminación con semen congelado con &% de glicerol. En conclusión, 6% de glicerol es una opción validad para la criopreservación de semen de machos cabríos Gaddi, resultando en una mayor viabilidad y menos morfoanomalías espermáticas. Además, una buena fertilidad fue observada.

Fullerene (C-60)-modulated surface evolution in CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)and its role in controlling the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells

We report here the effect of fullerene (C-60) incorporation on the growth of CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)perovskite crystals and the effect on photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) prepared in inverse geometry. Incorporation of C(60)induced the growth of larger gains and compact thin film of perovskite with reduced defects, which led to its enhanced photovoltaic performance. Apart from that, C(60)also participates in transportation and collection of photo-generated electrons. The optimum incorporation of C(60)resulted in an impressive improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of champion PSC from 9.2 to 12.8%. Moreover, the C-60-doped PSCs exhibited improved air stability compared to undoped devices. The enhanced PCE in C-60-doped PSCs is a result of enhanced optical absorption and separation of photo-generated charge and their transportation in the active layer. Since the size of C(60)molecules is of the order of nm, they easily get filled into the perovskite voids and facilitate another percolation path ways for charge carriers to transport and suppress the recombination losses via passivating the recombination centres in perovskite layers. The compact perovskite layer with larger grains led to reduced inter-granular grain boundaries with reduced defects, which restricts the fast diffusion of moisture into active layer and resulted in improved stability in device performance

Fullerene (C-60)-modulated surface evolution in CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)and its role in controlling the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells

We report here the effect of fullerene (C-60) incorporation on the growth of CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)perovskite crystals and the effect on photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) prepared in inverse geometry. Incorporation of C(60)induced the growth of larger gains and compact thin film of perovskite with reduced defects, which led to its enhanced photovoltaic performance. Apart from that, C(60)also participates in transportation and collection of photo-generated electrons. The optimum incorporation of C(60)resulted in an impressive improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of champion PSC from 9.2 to 12.8%. Moreover, the C-60-doped PSCs exhibited improved air stability compared to undoped devices. The enhanced PCE in C-60-doped PSCs is a result of enhanced optical absorption and separation of photo-generated charge and their transportation in the active layer. Since the size of C(60)molecules is of the order of nm, they easily get filled into the perovskite voids and facilitate another percolation path ways for charge carriers to transport and suppress the recombination losses via passivating the recombination centres in perovskite layers. The compact perovskite layer with larger grains led to reduced inter-granular grain boundaries with reduced defects, which restricts the fast diffusion of moisture into active layer and resulted in improved stability in device performance

A comparative study of tapentadol versus tramadol in the treatment of low back pain

Background: Nontraumatic musculoskeletal disorders are the main reason for presentation to the emergency department with Rachialgia being the most common reason to request medical assessment among them. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, parallel group open labelled study conducted in a district level tertiary care hospital attached to a medical teaching institute. Patients were randomized into two groups. Group I (63 patients) received tablet tramadol 50 mg twice daily orally and group II (63 patients) received tablet tapentadol 50 mg twice daily orally.Results: The mean age of the patients of group I was 40.6±9.6 years and in the group II was 42.7±10.6 years. A total of 61 males participated in the study of which 31 males were enrolled in group I and 30 in group II while 65 females participated in the study of which 32 females were enrolled in group I and 33 in group II. The mean reduction of pain intensity VAS score at the end of 4 weeks from baseline in group I and group II were 34.57 and 37.55 respectively. The difference in the mean reduction of pain intensity VAS between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusions: We conclude that both the drugs show significant reduction in the pain intensity in moderate to severe CLBP patients. Tapentadol is as efficacious as tramadol in moderate to severe CLBP. However, tapentadol is better tolerated than tramadol

EFFECT ON MENTAL HEALTH AMONG UNDERGRADUATE COLLEGE STUDENTS OF INDIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CROSS-SECTIONAL MULTICENTRIC STUDY

Background: College students show higher prevalence of mental health issues as compared to the general population. Unfortunately, this year, students all over the world have to face, added pressure due to COVID-19. This study aimed to estimate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the mental health of Medical and Engineering Students. Subjects and methods: The study was carried out at different medical and engineering colleges in Bihar, Delhi and Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu. 699 responses were collected and analyzed during the study period. Data was collected by email/ online platform through Google form via non- probability Sampling Technique. Mental health status was determined by using Corona virus anxiety screening (CAS), GHQ (General Health Questionnaire)-12, GAD (General Anxiety Disorder)-7 scale and PHQ (Patient Health Questionnaire)-9 scales.369 (53%) MBBS and 330 (47%) Engineering students participated in the study. Results: Maximum participants in both groups did not have anxiety related to COVID-19 (MBBS (96.8%) and Engineering (95.2%). About two-third participants secured above cut off score i.e., MBBS (62.3%) and Engineering (64.8%) in GHQ-12. Approximately comparable proportion in both groups were found to have severe anxiety and depression (16% vs 20%), when applied GAD-7 and PHQ-9. Uncertainty in the timing of the exams/ Academic delay was found to be the most worrying factor (MBBS, 41.19% vs Engineering 31.82%). Conclusions: About two-thirds of medical and engineering students psychologically equally affected by current pandemic in our study. A student wellness clinic is the need of hour in current scenario, which is supported by mental health experts (Psychiatrists, Clinical Psychologists) and residents on rotation basiswhere all psychological problem including Stress, Anxiety, Interpersonal crisis, Relationship issues and Personality problems of the students are dealt effectively in institute campus near to student residential area

EFFECT ON MENTAL HEALTH AMONG UNDERGRADUATE COLLEGE STUDENTS OF INDIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CROSS-SECTIONAL MULTICENTRIC STUDY

Background: College students show higher prevalence of mental health issues as compared to the general population. Unfortunately, this year, students all over the world have to face, added pressure due to COVID-19. This study aimed to estimate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the mental health of Medical and Engineering Students. Subjects and methods: The study was carried out at different medical and engineering colleges in Bihar, Delhi and Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu. 699 responses were collected and analyzed during the study period. Data was collected by email/ online platform through Google form via non- probability Sampling Technique. Mental health status was determined by using Corona virus anxiety screening (CAS), GHQ (General Health Questionnaire)-12, GAD (General Anxiety Disorder)-7 scale and PHQ (Patient Health Questionnaire)-9 scales.369 (53%) MBBS and 330 (47%) Engineering students participated in the study. Results: Maximum participants in both groups did not have anxiety related to COVID-19 (MBBS (96.8%) and Engineering (95.2%). About two-third participants secured above cut off score i.e., MBBS (62.3%) and Engineering (64.8%) in GHQ-12. Approximately comparable proportion in both groups were found to have severe anxiety and depression (16% vs 20%), when applied GAD-7 and PHQ-9. Uncertainty in the timing of the exams/ Academic delay was found to be the most worrying factor (MBBS, 41.19% vs Engineering 31.82%). Conclusions: About two-thirds of medical and engineering students psychologically equally affected by current pandemic in our study. A student wellness clinic is the need of hour in current scenario, which is supported by mental health experts (Psychiatrists, Clinical Psychologists) and residents on rotation basiswhere all psychological problem including Stress, Anxiety, Interpersonal crisis, Relationship issues and Personality problems of the students are dealt effectively in institute campus near to student residential area

Efficacy of vijaysar, aloevera alone and their combination in the treatment of newly diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized single blind prospective study

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease was known since ancient time and all system of medicine over world were tried to cure this disease. Unfortunately the numbers of diabetes patients are increasing day by day due to many risk factors such as sedentary life, obesity etc.Methods: A total of 120 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus attending OPD of UPUMS, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India, were included in the study. Patients were divided into 4 groups. Group-1, 2, 3 and 4 received Aloevera, Vijaysar, Aloevera + Vijaysar and Glimepiride respectively for thirteen weeks. Sample for fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar were measured at baseline, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 8th and at 13th week. HbA1c and Lipid profile were measured at baseline and at thirteen week.Results: Significant decrease in FPG, 2hPG, and HbA1c level were achieved in all groups but effects was maximum in Glimepiride group. Vijaysar had shown better glucose control than Aloevera as well as Aloevera + Vijaysar group. Synergism was shown by both herbal drugs for FPG control but not for 2hPG. The Effect of Vijaysar alone on 2hPG was similar to Glimepiride.Conclusions: Vijaysar could be a promising herbal drug for the treatment of mild uncomplicated cases of type-2 diabetes mellitus; however both drugs have shown synergism for FPG control. Both herbal drugs were safe during our study, only one patient of Vijaysar group had complaint of diarrhoea, which was subsided one week later

Serum BUN and creatinine estimation in patients of overt hypothyroidism: a case control study

Background: Hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid or low thyroid is a common endocrine disorder characterized by low serum T3 (triiodothyronine), T4 (thyroxine) and raised TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone). Thyroid hormones are involved in renal development and hemodynamic, kidney structure and GFR (glomerular filtration rate). Aim of this study was to see the alteration of basic renal markers in patients of hypothyroidism.Methods: A total of seventy subjects were included in the study. Thirty-five were patients of hypothyroidism and thirty-five were age and sex matched normal controls. Serum T3, T4, TSH, creatinine and BUN (blood urea nitrogen) were estimated in both groups.Results: Serum T3, T4 were significantly decreased and TSH was significantly raised among cases as compared to controls. Mean value of serum creatinine and BUN were within normal range in both the groups but these values were significantly raised among cases as compared to controls with p value 0.02 and 0.003 respectively. Also, there was positive correlation of TSH with BUN and creatinine among cases

Post Harvest Technology of Papaya Fruits and It’S Value Added Products-A Review

Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) is considered one of the most important pests in agriculture globally. As it is a polypahgous pest and infests more than 180 plants, it causes huge economic loss annually. It is a native to India and is widely distributed throughout the country. Agriculturists have taken several measures to control this pest. Earlier methods include the use of chemical pesticides and insecticides. In recent times, more attention is being paid to the biological control methods such as use of natural enemies, pheromones, neuropeptides, development of transgenic crops, RNA interference technology etc. These methods though have faced some challenges in implementation but are safe, sustainable and mostly species specific. Here, we have discussed the chemical and biological methods that have been used in the past or are currently in practice. We have also discussed some of quite recent but promising technologies which in future can be developed as a tool for the control of Helicoverpa armige