A Review Paper on Smart Glove - Converts Gestures into Speech and Text

Generally people with hearing problem and speech disability use sign language based on hand gestures with specific motion to represent the language, they are communicating. Smart glove is an electronic device that translates sign language into text or speech in order to make the communication feasible between the mute communities with the general public. This glove translates the sign language gestures according to the American Sign Language Standard. This glove has been implemented with the help of flex sensors, accelerometer, microcontroller (Arduino Leonardo) and the Bluetooth chip. It Is a wireless data glove which is normal cloth driving glove fitted with flex sensors along the length of each finger

Soil Fertility under Grassland Compared to Other Land Uses in Acid Soil of Himachal Pradesh, India

In the last decades severe changes in land use occurred in tropical countries, due to increasing population and their demand for food resources. Forest land is rapidly converted into agriculture or pastureland which may cause significant changes in soil fertility. Land-use exerts significant effect on nutrient availability and may also influence secondary succession and biomass production (Lu et al., 2002). Nutrient cycling in agroforestry is in between natural forest ecosystems of the tropics and most of the agricultural systems with are ‘‘leaky’’ having higher nutrient losses. Research indicated that decline of soil organic matter may occur due to conversion of forest and grassland into agriculture (Ouattara et al., 2006). Tree growth is highly influenced by base cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na) concentration, cation exchange capacity, and concentrations of Al and Mn. Calcium and N are specifically important, as they are primary constituents of biomass and regulate cell function of many tree species. Base cations also help in alleviating the effects of Al toxicity in acid soil

The COWIN portal – current update, personal experience and future possibilities

India began one of the biggest COVID-19 vaccination drives on 16 January 2021, marking the beginning of the mammoth effort to vaccinate more than 1.3 billion people. The vaccination programme to protect people has started globally to combat the pandemic, which has killed more than 3.1 million people globally and infected 149 million people as of 29 April (1). India started its vaccine drive with two vaccines- Covishield by the Serum Institute of India and Covaxin by Bharat Biotech. Around 12,000 private hospitals, empanelled under PM-JAY (National Health Insurance), and hospitals under the CGHS (Central Government Health Scheme) are the vaccination sites. The monitoring of inoculation drive and to track the listed beneficiaries on a real-time basis, Co-WIN application has been developed for planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of the whole drive in India. This software was developed by Union Health Ministry, and their experience with electronic Vaccine Intelligence Network (eVIN) software has ensured the versatility and utility of this dedicated Co-WIN software(2

Knowledge assessment about risk prevention of rabies amongst doctors in AIIMS, Jodhpur

Background:Rabies still continues to be a public health problem in India and to protect our citizens from this menace; medical professionals have to be well equipped to tackle it more efficiently. The paper aims to assess the knowledge of residents and faculty in newly established AIIMS regarding risk prevention of rabies.Methods:A cross sectional study using a structured questionnaire on rabies was done at AIIMS Jodhpur amongst the doctors and the data was compiled in Microsoft excel 2010 were further analysed using SPSS version 21.  Results:Out of the total sixty respondents, faculty constituted 38.3%, and junior residents and senior residents 28.3% and 33.3% respectively. Nearly 72% responded correctly regarding post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) i.e. 5 dose regimen of intramuscular administration of Anti Rabies Vaccine (ARV) and 56.7% doctors were unaware about the current recommendation of intradermal (ID) route. Rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) or Anti-Rabies Serum (ARS) against Rabies infection used in Class III bites was known to only 45% of the total doctors.Conclusion:The study reveals that there is a scope of improvement in important areas related to the knowledge of doctors in AIIMS regarding animal bites which needs to be upgraded time to time through continuing medical education in order to follow the standard protocol and guidelines at the apex institute.

Thermo-elastic-plastic transition in torsion of composite thick-walled circular cylinder subjected to pressure

The purpose of this paper is to present study of thermo-elastic-plastic transition in torsion of composite thick-walled circular cylinder subjected to pressure. The concept of transition theory is applied to evaluate shear stresses in a cylinder under torsion. Generalized strain measures are used to simplify the fundamental equations. It has been deduced from the analysis of stresses in the cylinder that in case of torsion, the cylinder of less non-homogeneous material without temperature is a safe design in comparison to the cylinder of highly non-homogeneous material with or without thermal effects, because shear stresses are maximal for the cylinder of less non-homogeneous material without thermal effects than for the non-homogeneous cylinder of high compressibility

Thermo-elastic-plastic transition in torsion of composite thick-walled circular cylinder subjected to pressure

The purpose of this paper is to present study of thermo-elastic-plastic transition in torsion of composite thick-walled circular cylinder subjected to pressure. The concept of transition theory is applied to evaluate shear stresses in a cylinder under torsion. Generalized strain measures are used to simplify the fundamental equations. It has been deduced from the analysis of stresses in the cylinder that in case of torsion, the cylinder of less non-homogeneous material without temperature is a safe design in comparison to the cylinder of highly non-homogeneous material with or without thermal effects, because shear stresses are maximal for the cylinder of less non-homogeneous material without thermal effects than for the non-homogeneous cylinder of high compressibility

Burden of overweight and obesity among children studying in schools of Western Rajasthan

Background: Obesity in children has become a public health concern worldwide with a significant rise in recent years. Aim & Objective: This study aimed to estimate the occurrence of overweight and obesity in adolescents studying in school and to determine the risk factors for obesity as well as overweight in this population. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional research was carried out among adolescent children of age group 12-15 years from Jodhpur's rural and urban schools. Methods and Material: The present study included 1864 school children. A well-structured questionnaire was used to gather data, and the researchers measured weight and height with the help of calibrated tools. Index for Body Mass (BMI) and Z-scores were calculated, and the World Health Organization (WHO) standardized gender-specific growth chart was used to classify children as being overweight and obese. Statistical analysis used: The statistical evaluation was conducted utilising SPSS version 23.0. Chi-square analyses were applied to analyse the relationship of independent variables with overweight/obesity status. Variables showing statistical significance at a 5% level were further analysed using multiple logistic regression. Results: It was discovered that the rate of overweight and obesity among Jodhpur schoolchildren was 23.2%, with 22.9% classified as overweight and 0.3% as obese. The analysis revealed that children attending urban and public schools exhibited higher rates of obesity and overweight compared to those in rural and private schools. Conclusions: The study highlights a considerable burden of overweight among children enrolled in schools of Jodhpur, warranting the implementation of sustainable intervention aimed at encouraging physical exercise and a balanced diet

Identification, characterization and utilization of unigene derived microsatellite markers in tea (Camellia sinensis L.)

Background: Despite great advances in genomic technology observed in several crop species, the availability of molecular tools such as microsatellite markers has been limited in tea (Camellia sinensis L.). The development of microsatellite markers will have a major impact on genetic analysis, gene mapping and marker assisted breeding. Unigene derived microsatellite (UGMS) markers identified from publicly available sequence database have the advantage of assaying variation in the expressed component of the genome with unique identity and position. Therefore, they can serve as efficient and cost effective alternative markers in such species. Results: Considering the multiple advantages of UGMS markers, 1,223 unigenes were predicted from 2,181 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of tea (Camellia sinensis L.). A total of 109 (8.9%) unigenes containing 120 SSRs were identified. SSR abundance was one in every 3.55 kb of EST sequences. The microsatellites mainly comprised of di (50.8%), tri (30.8%), tetra (6.6%), penta (7.5%) and few hexa (4.1%) nucleotide repeats. Among the dinucleotide repeats, (GA)n.(TC)n were most abundant (83.6%). Ninety six primer pairs could be designed form 83.5% of SSR containing unigenes. Of these, 61 (63.5%) primer pairs were experimentally validated and used to investigate the genetic diversity among the 34 accessions of different Camellia spp. Fifty one primer pairs (83.6%) were successfully cross transferred to the related species at various levels. Functional annotation of the unigenes containing SSRs was done through gene ontology (GO) characterization. Thirty six (60%) of them revealed significant sequence similarity with the known/putative proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.018 to 0.972 with a mean value of 0.497. The average heterozygosity expected (HE) and observed (Ho) obtained was 0.654 and 0.413 respectively, thereby suggesting highly heterogeneous nature of tea. Further, test for IAM and SMM models for the UGMS loci showed excess heterozygosity and did not show any bottleneck operating in the tea population. Conclusion: UGMS markers identified and characterized in this study provided insight about the abundance and distribution of SSR in the expressed genome of C. sinensis. The identification and validation of 61 new UGMS markers will not only help in intra and inter specific genetic diversity assessment but also be enriching limited microsatellite markers resource in tea. Further, the use of these markers would reduce the cost and facilitate the gene mapping and marker-aided selection in tea. Since, 36 of these UGMS markers correspond to the Arabidopsis protein sequence data with known functions will offer the opportunity to investigate the consequences of SSR polymorphism on gene function

Caries sicca: tuberculosis of glenohumeral joint

Tuberculosis is quite common in India. Shoulder tuberculosis although rare among the skeletal tuberculosis needs to be kept in mind for diagnosis and proper treatment of cases of Carries Sicca. Twenty year old female presented with non traumatic pain in right shoulder with severe restriction of shoulder Range of Movements (ROM), not responding to treatment. On detailed examination turned out to be a case of Caries Sicca. Thorough debridement along with sufficient immobilization and Anti Tubercular Treatment (ATT) gives excellent results. High suspicion is needed to diagnose the cases of Carries Sicca. Early diagnosis and proper treatment gives wonderful results. Only ATT with or without immobilization and debridement are sufficient enough in majority of cases

A Scoping review of challenges, scope and assessment approaches of teledentistry: an Indian perspective

Context: In India, COVID-19 pandemic has limited the utilization and access to dental services owing to the risk of infections transmission. In this context, tele-dentistry could be useful but there is paucity of literature which provides guidance on the scope and challenges for using tele-dentistry in India. Aims: To identify challenges, scope and assessment approaches of tele-dentistry from an Indian perspective. Settings and Design: Scoping Review. Methods and Material: Scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley framework. Databases were searched in July from April to August 2020. Studies concerning challenges and scope of tele-dentistry in India were included. Additionally, literature about assessment approaches used for tele-dentistry programs were also reviewed Results: A total of 64 studies were reviewed, out of which 26 articles were included in the final review. Scoping review reveled that tele-dentistry can act as a seamless tool for diagnosing, training and screening. Few studies suggested the relevance of smartphone technology for specialist consultations and proper diagnosis. Majority of studies revealed shortage of basic infrastructure as a major challenge for tele-dentistry in India. Assessment studies were mainly focused on economic perspective and cost-effectiveness of the programs. Conclusions: This review provide guidance for using tele-dentistry in India. It is also reflected that there is a need for further research about the assessment of tele-dentistry in terms of safety, clinical outcomes, and patient perception