Sol-gel synthesis of Cu-doped p-CdS nanoparticles and their analysis as p-CdS/n-ZnO thin film photodiode

Copper (Cu) doped p-CdS nanoparticles have been synthesized via sol-gel method. The as-synthesized nano particles were successfully characterized and implemented for fabrication of Glass/ITO/n-ZnO/p-CdS/Al thin film photodiode. The fabricated device is tested for small (-1 V to + 1 V) bias voltage. Results verified that the junction leakage current within the dark is very small. During reverse bias condition, the maximum amount of photocurrent is obtained under illumination of 100 mu W/cm(2). Electrical characterizations confirmed that the external quantum efficiency (EQE), gain and responsivity of n-ZnO/p-CdS photodiode show improved photo response than conventional p-type materials for such a small bias voltage. It is therefore revealed that the Cu doped CdS nanoparticles is an efficient p-type material for fabrication of thin film photo-devices

6α,7α-epoxy-5α,17α,dihydroxy-1-oxo-22R-witha-2,24-dienolide in leaves of Withania somnifera: Isolation and its crystal structure

6α,7α-epoxy-5α,17α,dihydroxy-1-oxo-22R-witha-2,24-dienolide (C28H38O6) was isolated from Withania somnifera leaves. The structure of the withanolide was established by spectral analysis and X-ray diffraction studies as withanone. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P212121 with unit cell parameters: a=9.191(10) A° , b=12.858(6) A° , c=21.400(16) A° , Z=4. The crystal structure was solved by direct methods and refined to R=0.0603 for 1742 observed reflections. There is positional disorder of the H atom in a hydroxy group (O5), resulting in two possible hydrogen-bond linkages. All the rings of the steroid skeleton are trans connected. Ring A exists in a half-chair conformation, ring B is intermediate between a half-chair and a sofa, ring C a distorted chair, and five-membered ring D is intermediate between a half-chair and an envelope. The δ-lactone ring E adopts a sofa conformation. The twist along the length of the steroid nucleus is negligible [C19–C10. . .C13–C18=1.8◦]. Both the hydroxy groups are involved in hydrogen bonding

One-Pot Tandem Approach to Functionalized 3‑Hydroxy-2-furanyl-acrylamides

A novel one-pot tandem process involving Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition, selective amidation, and Paal–Knorr cyclization to diverse functionalized 3-hydroxy-2-furanyl-acrylamides from simple 2-oxoaldehydes and aroylacetonitriles was presented. Attempts were also made to expand the scope of the reaction to different 2-heteroarylfurans. The packing diagram of the molecules viewed down along the α-axis of the unit cell showed a characteristic intramolecular classical O–H···O hydrogen bond between hydroxyl and carbonyl O atoms leading to self-associated (<i>Z</i>)-2-furanyl-acrylamides

One-Pot Tandem Approach to Functionalized 3‑Hydroxy-2-furanyl-acrylamides

A novel one-pot tandem process involving Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition, selective amidation, and Paal–Knorr cyclization to diverse functionalized 3-hydroxy-2-furanyl-acrylamides from simple 2-oxoaldehydes and aroylacetonitriles was presented. Attempts were also made to expand the scope of the reaction to different 2-heteroarylfurans. The packing diagram of the molecules viewed down along the α-axis of the unit cell showed a characteristic intramolecular classical O–H···O hydrogen bond between hydroxyl and carbonyl O atoms leading to self-associated (<i>Z</i>)-2-furanyl-acrylamides

One-Pot Tandem Approach to Functionalized 3‑Hydroxy-2-furanyl-acrylamides

A novel one-pot tandem process involving Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition, selective amidation, and Paal–Knorr cyclization to diverse functionalized 3-hydroxy-2-furanyl-acrylamides from simple 2-oxoaldehydes and aroylacetonitriles was presented. Attempts were also made to expand the scope of the reaction to different 2-heteroarylfurans. The packing diagram of the molecules viewed down along the α-axis of the unit cell showed a characteristic intramolecular classical O–H···O hydrogen bond between hydroxyl and carbonyl O atoms leading to self-associated (<i>Z</i>)-2-furanyl-acrylamides