Climats pluviométriques et thermiques en région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, analyse des données cartographiques 1961-1996 et cartographie par SIG.

Dans le cadre d'une étude plus générale des potentialités forestières de la région PACA, le CRPF a été conduit à définir et à cartographier les paramètres climatiques les plus déterminants pour les arbres. Une typologie des climats pluviométriques a été élaborée et des relations fortes ont été recherchées entre les données thermiques et les paramètres topographiques et géographiques. La mise au point d'un SIG performant a permis de présenter sous forme cartographique le fruit de ces synthèses. Quatre cartes sont présentées représentant : la 1ère, les différentes zones pluviométriques ; la 2e les isothermes de la température moyenne annuelle ; la 3e, le froid hivernal avec les isothermes de la moyenne des minima du mois le plus froid, la 4e les probabilités de fortes gelées

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Validation of Microfluidic Devices for the Investigation of Pore-Scale Phenomena in Underground Gas Storage Systems

The understanding of multiphase flow phenomena occurring in porous media at the pore scale is fundamental in a significant number of fields, from life science to geo and environmental engineering. However, because of the optical opacity and the geometrical complexity of natural porous media, detailed visual characterization is not possible or is limited and requires powerful and expensive imaging techniques. As a consequence, the understanding of micro-scale behavior is based on the interpretation of macro-scale parameters and indirect measurements. Microfluidic devices are transparent and synthetic tools that reproduce the porous network on a 2D plane, enabling the direct visualization of the fluid dynamics. Moreover, microfluidic patterns (also called micromodels) can be specifically designed according to research interests by tuning their geometrical features and surface properties. In this work we design, fabricate and test two different micromodels for the visualization and analysis of the gas-brine fluid flow, occurring during gas injection and withdrawal in underground storage systems. In particular, we compare two different designs: a regular grid and a real rock-like pattern reconstructed from a thin section of a sample of Hostun rock. We characterize the two media in terms of porosity, tortuosity and pore size distribution using the A* algorithm and CFD simulation. We fabricate PDMS-glass devices via soft lithography, and we perform preliminary air-water displacement tests at different capillary numbers to observe the impact of the design on the fluid dynamics. This preliminary work serves as a validation of design and fabrication procedures and opens the way to further investigations

Biochemical evaluation of interactions between synergistic molecules and phase I enzymes involved in insecticide resistance in B- and Q-type Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

BACKGROUND Metabolic resistance is an important consideration in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, where an esterase‐based mechanism has been attributed to pyrethroid resistance and over‐expression of the cytochrome P450, CYP6CM1, has been correlated to resistance to imidacloprid and other neonicotinoids. RESULTS In vitro interactions between putative synergists and CYP6CM1, B and Q‐type esterases were investigated, and structure–activity relationship analyses allowed the identification of chemical structures capable of acting as inhibitors of esterase and oxidase activities. Specifically, methylenedioxyphenyl (MDP) moieties with a polyether chain were preferable for optimum inhibition of B‐type esterase, whilst corresponding dihydrobenzofuran structures were potent for the Q‐esterase variation. Potent inhibition of CYP6CM1 resulted from structures which contained an alkynyl chain with a terminal methyl group. CONCLUSIONS Synergist candidates could be considered for field control of B. tabaci, especially to abrogate neonicotinoid resistance. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industr

Antitumour activity of trabectedin in myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms

Background: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML) and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) are myelodysplastic myeloproliferative (MDS/MPN) neoplasms with unfavourable prognosis and without effective chemotherapy treatment. Trabectedin is a DNA minor groove binder acting as a modulator of transcription and interfering with DNA repair mechanisms; it causes selective depletion of cells of the myelomonocytic lineage. We hypothesised that trabectedin might have an antitumour effect on MDS/MPN. Methods: Malignant CD14+ monocytes and CD34+ haematopoietic progenitor cells were isolated from peripheral blood/bone marrow mononuclear cells. The inhibition of CFU-GM colonies and the apoptotic effect on CD14+ and CD34+ induced by trabectedin were evaluated. Trabectedin's effects were also investigated in vitro on THP-1, and in vitro and in vivo on MV-4-11 cell lines. Results: On CMML/JMML cells, obtained from 20 patients with CMML and 13 patients with JMML, trabectedin - at concentration pharmacologically reasonable, 1-5 nM - strongly induced apoptosis and inhibition of growth of haematopoietic progenitors (CFU-GM). In these leukaemic cells, trabectedin downregulated the expression of genes belonging to the Rho GTPases pathway (RAS superfamily) having a critical role in cell growth and cytoskeletal dynamics. Its selective activity on myelomonocytic malignant cells was confirmed also on in vitro THP-1 cell line and on in vitro and in vivo MV-4-11 cell line models. Conclusions: Trabectedin could be good candidate for clinical studies in JMML/CMML patients

A machine learning approach for human posture detection in domotics applications

This paper describes an approach for human postureclassification that has been devised for indoor surveillance in domotic applications. The approach was initially inspired to a previous works of Haritaoglou et al. [2] that uses histogram projections to classify people’s posture. We modify and improve the generality of the approach by adding a machine learning phase in order to generate probability maps. A statistic classifier has then defined that compares the probability maps and the histogram profiles extracted from each moving people. The approach results to be very robust if the initial constraints are satisfied and exhibits a very lowcomputational time so that it can be used to process livevideos with standard platforms

The Mulino delle vene spring system: hydrogeological features and groundwater balance

The Mulino delle vene spring system..

Tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the frontal part of an ancient subduction complex at the transition from accretion to erosion: the case of the Ligurian wedge of the Northern Apennines, Italy

Subduction can be either associated with accretion or removal of material from the overriding plate. These two processes can coexist or alternate in time along the same margin. Theirinception has the potential to change the dynamic equilibrium of a margin wedge resulting in the development of out-of-sequence thrusts, normal and strike-slip faults or large submarine landslides in the frontal part of the subduction zone.In this work we investigate the effects of the transition from frontal accretion to frontal erosion on the stability of a subduction complex through the study of a fossil example from the Northern Apennines.New structural data suggest that in the Aquitanian the removal and underthrusting of the toe of the wedge, formed by both the accreted sediments of oceanic affinity and the overlying wedge-top basin fill (i.e., the Subligurian Units), implied a process of frontal tectonic erosion. The presence, on top of the subduction complex, of a complete succession of mid-late Eocene to late Miocene slope apron sediments - i.e., the Epiligurian succession - allowed to reconstruct the sedimentary response to thisevent.In the Aquitanian large areas of the wedge were denudated of the lower-slope sedimentary cover through extensive gravitational mass movements. The subsequent deposition of a thick body ofsubmarine debris flow has been documented. The mass-wasting deposits are interpreted as the sedimentary response to the underthrusting of the frontal part of the Ligurian subduction complex formed by the Subligurian Units