An approach to interstitial lung disease in India

Interstitial lung diseases are common and have varied etiology, clinical presentation, clinical course and outcome. They pose a diagnostic challenge to physicians and pulmonologists. Patients present with dry cough, exertional dyspnoea, interstitial lesions on X-ray of the chest and restrictive ventilatory defect on spirometry. A sharp decline in oxygen saturation with exercise is characteristic. Careful evaluation of the history of the patient and physical examination help in narrowing down diagnostic probabilities. HRCT of the chest has emerged as an important tool in the evaluation of these disorders. Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias (IIP) are a group of conditions which are classified into several types based on pathological features. Bronchoscopic procedures are helpful in diagnosis of certain disorders but are of limited value in classification of IIP which requires surgical biopsy. Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP), also referred to as Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, has a progressive course and an unfavourable outcome. Certain new drugs have recently become available for treatment of UIP. Our approach towards diagnosis and management of interstitial lung diseases based on personal experience over the past three decades is reported here. Key words: Usual interstitial pneumonia – sarcoidosis – pneumoconiosis – bronchoscopy – lung biopsyÂ

Pengaruh Kompensasi, Lingkungan Kerja Non Fisik, dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan

This study aims to determine the effect of compensation, non-physical work environment, and work motivation on employee job satisfaction either simultaneously or partial, as well as independent variables to determine which one has the most impact on employee job satisfaction. This research was conducted at the World Brand Factory (WBF) Company's Kuta-Bali. The number of respondents in this study were 51 employees. Data collected through interviews, observations, and the distribution of questionnaires. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the analysis found that compensation, non-physical work environment, and work motivation simultaneously positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction. Compensation, non-physical work environment, and work motivation of each partial has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction. Among the three independent variables, the variable compensation have the greatest influence on employee job satisfaction

Pengaruh Pendapatan, Jumlah Anggota Keluarga, dan Pendidikan terhadap Pola Konsumsi Rumah Tangga Miskin di Kecamatan Gianyar

The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence that income, number of family members, and education affected by simultaneous consumption patterns of poor households in the district of Gianyar. This study uses primary data. This study population is poor households in the district of Gianyar. This sample selection method is by using Slovin. Data were analyzed use the regression analysis. The results indicate that income, family size, and education affect consumption patterns