Approximal incipient dental caries — early diagnostic and noninvasive therapeutic approaches

Rezumat Leziunile carioase incipiente cu localizare pe feţele aproximale sunt de cele mai multe ori imposibil de diagnosticat în cadrul unui simplu examen clinic. De cele mai multe ori ele atrag atenţia practicianului stomatolog doar atunci când evoluţia acestora este amplă atât în smalţ cât şi în dentină. Scopul acestui studiu este de a evalua posibilităţile unui diagnostic precoce a leziunilor carioase incipiente de pe feţele aproximale şi a eficienţei tratamentului prin instituirea unei terapii de remineralizare prin aplicarea unor membrane biodegradabile cu eliberare lentă a fluorului. Posibilitatea membranelor de a asigura o acţiune de durată şi un aport remanent al fluorului în timp asigură un efect carioprofilactic şi terapeutic mai eficient în comparaţie cu alte metode de fluorizare locală. Efectul principal carioprofilactic şi de remineralizare a ţesuturilor demineralizate este datorat fluorurii de sodiu care se eliberează treptat, fapt ce permite declanşarea proceselor de remineralizare cu diminuarea şi chiar dispariţia focarului de demineralizare.Summary The diagnostic of the approximal incipient dental caries is difficult within clinical examen. Often these dental caries are diagnosed only in advanced stages. The aim of this study is to assess the possibilities of early diagnosis of the approximal dental caries and the efficiency of the remineralisation treatment based on biodegrading membranes with fluor slow release. The study shows that long term action of the fluor membranes assures a more efficient caries preventive and therapeutic effect. This remineralisation effect is due to slow release of natrium fluoride that diminishes surface and depth of the demineralisation areas

The assessment of bacterial film cariogenic potential changes following the action of remineralisation agents

Rezumat. Unul dintre factorii etiologici chee, care joaca un rol important în dezvoltarea cariei dentare şi a afecţiunilor parodontale este microflora biofilmului bacterian. Scopul acestui studiu este de a evalua acţiunea unor preparate de remineralizare asupra cariogenităţii biofilmului bacterian. Material si metodă: s-a utilizat in evaluarea cariogenitatii biofilmului bacterian testul Hardwick J.L., Manly E.B. înainte şi după aplicarea preparatelor de remineralizare pe bază de calciu, fosfat şi fluor. Rezultate. Se constată o îmbunătăţire a situaţiei cariogene din cavitatea orală sub acţiunea acestor preparate. Deşi nu este o diferenţă semnificativă d.p.d.v. statistic, un efect mai favorabil îl au preparatele ce conţin calciu, fosfat şi fluor, comparativ cu cele ce conţin doar calciu şi fosfat.Summary. The bacterial film is a key ethiological factor with a major role in dental caries and periodontal diseases development and evolution. Aim. The aim of this study is to assess the action of some remineralisation products over the cariogenic action of bacterial biofilm. Materials and method. The cariogenical potential bacterial biofilm test Hardwick J.L.&Manly E.B. was performed before and after the application of remineralisation products with calcium, phosphat and fluor. Results. The results show an improvement of cariogenic situation after the action of remineralisation agents. The products that contain calcium, phosphat and fluor have a more efficient action comparing with products based only on calcium and phosphat

Study regardind the early carious lesion treatment using ICON method

Rezumat: Una din metodele cele mai actuale şi de perspectivă ale orientării terapiei conservatoare în caria incipientă este metoda utilizării locale a unor preparate de sigilare şi respectiv de infiltrare a ţesuturilor dure dentare. Abordarea temei alese, a fost determinată de necesitatea unei înţelegeri cât mai corecte a importanţei unui diagnostic cât mai precoce, corect şi precis al leziunilor carioase incipiente asociate tratamentelor ortodontice, a particularităţilor acestora în ceea ce priveşte apariţia, evoluţia, diagnosticul, cât şi a posibilităţilor terapeutice ce pot fi instituite în acest caz. Studiul a fost efectuat pe un lot de pacienţi cu vârste cuprinse între 10 şi 35 ani, evaluându-se comparativ eficienţa terapiei lezunilor carioase asociate tratamentului ortodontic fix prin metoda de infiltrare ICON comparativ cu metoda de remineralizare profundă. În urma analizei rezultatelor obţinute în cadrul acestei cercetări putem concluziona că ambele metode alese în tratamentul leziunilor carioase incipiente asociate tratamentului odontic fix sunt eficiente în oprirea evoluţiei proceselor carioase incipiente. Metoda infiltrării ICON oferă în schimb rezultate estetice superioare.Summary: Sealing or infiltrating dental hard tissues are modern methods in conservative treatment of early carious lesions. An early and precise diagnostic of incipient carious lesion associated with orthodontical treatment is very important in order to establish therapeutical procedures. In this context, the theme of our study is one of great interest. The study group was represented by patients of 10-35 years old. We used ICON method and deep remineralisation method in the treatment of carious lesions associated with orthodontical treatment. The results showed the efficiency of both methods in arresting carious evolution. The ICON method has a real advantage from the point of vue of the aesthetic result

Clinical study to evaluate the factors involved in the evolution of the halitosis in a group of students

Halitoza este o problemă medico-socială universală, în toate comunităţile şi se referă la mirosul neplăcut care se emană din cavitatea orală. Obiectivele acestui studiu sunt: de a investiga prevalenţa halitozei evaluându-se prin mijloace clinice, paraclinice şi printr-un screening tip anchetă a prezenţei halitozei, a factorilor cauzali implicaţi: patologia cavităţii orale asociate, cum ar fi cariile dentare şi boala parodontală, practicile de igienă orală, şi bolile generale implicate, în rândul unui eşantion de studenţi de la Facultatea de Medicină Dentară UMF Gr.T. Popa. Analiza rezultatelor obţinute cu stabilitatea corespondenţei dintre percepţia propriei halitoze şi a măsurilor de igienă orală efectuate de participanţii la studiu. Caracteristicile şi etiologia respiraţiei urât mirositoare s-au analizat pe un grup de 176 de studenţi, anul III-IV de la facultatea de Medicină Dentară, care au fost supuşi unei evaluări: printr-un chestionar standard şi un examen clinic odonto-parodontal complet, inclusiv a unui examen paraclinic cu un dispozitiv portabil (Detector de halenă ), stabilindu-se punctajele organoleptice măsurate.Halitosis is a universal medical and social problem in all communities and refers to the bad odor that emanates from the oral cavity. The objectives of this study are: to investigate the prevalence of the Halitosis by clinical and laboratory methods, to determine the causal factors involved: oral cavity associated pathology such as dental caries and periodontal disease, oral hygiene practices, and general diseases involved among a sample of students from the Faculty of Dental Gr. T. Popa. Stability analysis results obtained with the correspondence between their perception of halitosis and oral hygiene measures by survey participants. Characteristics and etiology of bad breath were analyzed in a group of 176 students. They were subjected to an assessment: through a standard questionnaire and a clinical examination including a paraclinical examination with a portable device (Halitosis Detector)

The Role and Importance of the Caries Detectors Dyes in Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Dental Caries

Despite the progresses of the modern dentistry, the carious disease is still affecting a large number of peoples. The caries detectors would be helpful for diagnosis of early enamel caries as well as dentinal caries. The study focused on the role of caries detectors on objective criteria of assessment of the caries preparation, the early diagnosis of the incipient caries as well as monitorisation of the remineralising processes. The study used product Color-test of the Vladmiva (Rusia): solution and gel. The study was performed on 25 patients age 15-38 with medium and high level of cariogenic status. The statistical results show the practical importance of the caries detectors for the conservative treatment of the dental caries, with different degree of penetration in dental tissues. It also allows the monitorisation of the success of the non-invasive or minimal invasive treatment. The use of the caries detectors allows minimal preparation of the dental issues, accordingly to modern principles of the actual dentistry

Longitudinal Study Regarding Clinical Behaviour Of Glassionomer Type Sealers

The aim of this study was to assess, on a 3-years interval time (6, 12, 24, 36 months), the retention degree of some glass-ionomer type sealers, as well as their clinical efficiency. The research was performed on a 15 patients study group, with age between 8-16 years. A number of 42 sealings were performed using two sealing products: Fuji TRIAGE (GC, Leuven, Belgium) and Ketac Molar (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany). The sealing materials were applied using ART technique. The sealings were analysed at 6, 12, 24, 36 months. The study also assessed the frequency rate of new occlusal dental caries and the evolution stage of old dental caries. After 6 months, 88.1% of sealings were unaffected and 11.9% partially present. After 18 months, only 57.2% of sealings were unaffected, while 42.8% were partially present. After 24 months, 54.7% of sealings were partially present and 9.5% were absolutely absent. After 36 months, 35.7% of sealings were partially present, while 33.3% were absent. In all sealed surfaces was not recorded any new dental caries. For surfaces diagnosed with non-cavitary dental caries, were recorded after 18 months one new dentinal carious lesion, after 24 months two new dentinal carious lesions and after 36 month three new dentinal carious lesions. The results obtained in this study sustain and recommend the use of high viscosity glass-ionomer sealers for the sealing of occlusal surfaces. The results regarding clinical efficiency of glass-ionomer sealers showed that best results are obtained in the first 12 months, comparing with time intervals of 24 months and 36 months

Study Regarding the Assessment of Enamel Microhardness in Incipient Carious Lesions Treated by Icon Method

Sealing or infiltrating dental hard tissues are modern methods in conservative treatment of early carious lesions. One of the most actual methods for the conservative therapy of incipient dental caries is based on local use of sealing and infiltrating agents. This study assesses the enamel microhardness comparing artificial carious lesions treated by ICON method and carious lesions treated by fluorisation with microhardness of similar untreated surfaces. The highest values of microhardness were obtained for enamel demineralised surfaces treated with ICON. The ICON method conducts to the formation of harder enamel surfaces, able to resist to further acid attacks