Signaling pathways involved in apoptosis induced by novel angucycline antibiotic landomycin E in Jurkat T leukemia cells

Aim. To study the molecular mechanisms of action of novel anticancer antibiotic landomycin E (LE). Methods. Annexin V/propidium iodide, DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining, Western-blot analysis. Results. LE applied in 2 µg/ml dose (IC50), induced reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent splitting of poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and DNA Fragmentation Factor 45 (DFF45) proteins involved in DNA reparation. This effect was observed 6 h after the start of treatment and it positively correlated with phosphatidyl serine externalization (early morphological marker of apoptosis). We suggest that cleavage of PARP-1 and DFF45 was mediated by active caspase-7 which is a key effector caspase in the LE-induced apoptosis in leukemia cells. We found that activation of initiator procaspase-10 (involved in receptor- mediated apoptosis) was the earliest detected event in LE-induced apoptotic signaling pathways; however, this activation was shown to be ROS-independent. We also demonstrated that the induction of apoptosis by LE is accompanied by activation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in mitochondria. Conclusions. Our data suggest that LE-induced cascade of apoptotic events is started by the initiator caspase-10 which leads to activation of the effector caspase-7 and AIF that is known to induce caspase-independent apoptosis involving ROS generation

Основні розрахункові методи дослідження обставин і механізму техногенних вибухів

The article purpose is to analyze the danger of man-made explosions and provide calculation methods for determining the mechanism of the occurrence of an explosion during forensic examinations of the study of the circumstances and mechanism of man-made explosions. The relevance of the article is caused by the fact that present-day production and everyday life cannot dispense with the usage of combustible and explosive substances. The particular attention to be paid to emergency prevention related to explosives, as well as the research to determine the mechanism of man-made explosions. The research on the mechanism of man-made explosions will make it possible to determine the technical cause of their occurrence, to analyze for what reason and for whose fault the event occurred, and also what measures should be taken to minimize the likelihood of such situations occurence. It is noted that in order to obtain reliable conclusions about the mechanism of man-made explosions, it is necessary to use scientifically based methods and methodologies allowing us to assess the extent of destruction. The degree of destruction of surrounding building structures and harm to people depends on overpressure caused as the result of a significant expansion of the explosion products and their spread to all directions from the center of explosion. The most frequent causes of explosions in the explosive object are: destruction and damage to production tanks, equipment and pipelines; deviation from production regulations (excess pressure and temperature of equipment operating mode), low-quality control of equipment and work while conducting require work, and untimely or poor-quality maintenance of technological equipment. The main calculation methods for the research of the man-made explosions in open areas, indoors, and limited space are given, which will allow to systematize the research process and analyze the flow of explosions in specific situations, and to establish a mechanism for their occurrence when conducting forensic examinations of the circumstances and mechanism of man-made explosions.Проаналізовано небезпеку техногенних вибухів, комплекс небезпечних чинників яких може спричинити тяжкі наслідки. Метою статті є проведення аналізу небезпеки техногенних вибухів і наведення розрахункових методів дослідження для визначення механізму їх виникнення. У статті викладено основні розрахункові методи дослідження тех-ногенних вибухів на відкритій місцевості, у приміщеннях і в обмеженому об’ємі, що дасть змогу систематизувати процес дослідження та про-аналізувати, як відбуваються вибухи в конкретних ситуаціях, і визначити механізм їх виникнення під час виконання судових експертиз дослідження обставин і механізму техногенних вибухів

Esports: The chess of the 21st century

© 2019 Pluss, Bennett, Novak, Panchuk, Coutts and Fransen. For many decades, researchers have explored the true potential of human achievement. The expertise field has come a long way since the early works of de Groot (1965) and Chase and Simon (1973). Since then, this inquiry has expanded into the areas of music, science, technology, sport, academia, and art. Despite the vast amount of research to date, the capability of study methodologies to truly capture the nature of expertise remains questionable. Some considerations include (i) the individual bias in the retrospective recall of developmental activities, (ii) the ability to develop ecologically valid tasks, and (iii) difficulties capturing the influence of confounding factors on expertise. This article proposes that expertise research in electronic sports (esports) presents an opportunity to overcome some of these considerations. Esports involves individuals or teams of players that compete in video game competitions via human-computer interaction. Advantages of applying the expert performance approach in esports include (i) developmental activities are objectively tracked and automatically logged online, (ii) the constraints of representative tasks correspond with the real-world environment of esports performance, and (iii) expertise has emerged without the influence of guided systematic training environments. Therefore, this article argues that esports research provides an ideal opportunity to further advance research on the development and assessment of human expertise

Optical spectrum of the post-AGB star HD56126 in the region 4010-8790 AA

We studied in detail the optical spectrum of the post-AGB star HD56126 (IRAS07134+1005). We use high resolution spectra (R=25000 and 60000) obtained with the echelle spectrographs of the 6-m telescope. About one and a half thousand absorptions of neutral atoms and ions, absorption bands of C_2, CN, and CH molecules, and interstellar bands (DIBs) are identified in the 4010 to 8790 AA wavelength region, and the depths and radial velocities of these spectral features are measured. Differences are revealed between the variations of the radial velocities measured from spectral features of different excitation. In addition to the well-known variability of the Halpha profile, we found variations in the profiles of a number of FeII, YII, and BaII lines. We also produce an atlas of the spectrum of HD56126 and its comparison staralpha Per. The full version of the atlas is available in electronic form from Web-address: http://www.sao.ru/hq/ssl/Atlas/Atlas.htmlComment: 42 pages, 6 figure

АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ КОМПЛЕКСНИХ СУДОВО- ЕКСПЕРТНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ ПІД ЧАС ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПОРЯДКУ ДІЙ ПОЖЕЖНИХ ПІДРОЗДІЛІВ ДСНС УКРАЇНИ

The research on the problem was carried out when solving the issues of multidisciplinary fire investigation and research on occupational and health safety, when establishing conformity of actions of authorities personnel and fire-fighting units during fire-rescue operations with the basic requirements of regulatory documents on labor protection and fire tactical methods of hostilities, use of special equipment, fire engines and fire extinguishing means. The main areas and defining characteristics of a multidisciplinary forensic fire investigation and research on occupational and health safety were identified, which include: -investigation of circumstances of occurrence and dynamics of the development of fire (analysis of the cause of fire), the principles of organization and conduct of hostilities at specific sites in specific conditions, skillful and competent use of special equipment techniques and fire extinguishing agents (investigation of actions tactics of fire departments and the equipment used by them), compliance with the requirements of the Safety Rules when carrying out fire fighting, both by citizens and employees of fire-rescue units. The meaning of the concepts: “fire dynamics”, “fire extinguishing”, “prompt actions of the State Emergency Service Units”, is disclosed. A sufficient and necessary minimum of input information was determined to solve an investigator’s tasks which in the future will contribute to improving the quality and comprehensiveness of forensic examination, regardless of the object under study. The analysis of information provided by the investigator, including at the request of a forensic expert in this category of cases, which will further contribute to a full and high-quality forensic examination regardless of fire occurrence locations, has been carried out.Зазначена необхідність дослідити проблеми комплексних пожежно-технічних досліджень і досліджень з охорони праці й безпеки життєдіяльності, визначити відповідність дій особового складу органів управління та пожежно-рятувальних підрозділів під час проведення пожежно-рятувальних робіт вимогам нормативних документів з охорони праці й пожежно-тактичним прийомам бойових дій, застосування спеціальної техніки та засобів пожежогасіння. Проаналізовано інформаційні матеріали для дослідження дій пожежних підрозділів ДСНС України на пожежі й визначення причиново-наслідкового зв’язку між досліджуваної подією, негативними наслідками та відповідальною особою у разі виникнення нещасного випадку

Male and female rats differ in homeostatic shifts during pre-slaughter fear stress

In this investigation, the level of сortisol in blood plasma and splenocytes apoptosis in male and female rats in response to fear stress created by animals’ waiting for different terms (20, 40, 60 min) before the slaughter were evaluated. A significant and dependent on the stress state duration increase in the level of cortisol in the blood plasma of both male and female rats compared with the rats of control groups was found, which was more pronounced in females compared to males. The number of Annexin V-positive (apoptotic) cells was determined by FACS analysis. It was shown that the content of apoptotic splenocytes during the stress before slaughter was higher in females compared to males. The prolongation of the stress period was accompanied by an increase in the content of apoptotic splenocytes in males and its decrease in females. The potential hormone-dependent attenuation of the mechanisms of adaptation to stress before slaughter in female rats is discussed

Peculiarities and variations in the optical spectrum of the post-AGB star V448Lac=IRAS22223+4327

Repeated observations with high spectral resolution acquired in 1998-2008 are used to study the temporal behavior of the spectral line profiles and velocity field in the atmosphere and circumstellar envelope of the post-AGB star V448Lac. Asymmetry of the profiles of the strongest absorption lines with low-level excitation potentials less 1eV and time variations of these profiles have been detected, most prominently the profiles of the resonance lines of BaII, YII, LaII, SiII. The peculiarity of these profiles can be explained using a superposition of stellar absorption line and shell emission lines. Emission in the (0;1) 5635A Swan band of the C2 molecule has been detected in the spectrum of V448Lac for the first time. The core of the Halpha line displays radial velocity variations with an amplitude ~8 km/s. Radial velocity variations displayed by weakest metallic lines with lower amplitudes, 1-2 km/s, may be due to atmospheric pulsations. Differential line shifts, 0 -- 8 km/s, have been detected on various dates. The position of the molecular spectrum is stationary in time, indicating a constant expansion velocity of the circumstellar shell, Vexp=15.2 km/s, as derived from the C2 and NaI lines.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, 1 tabl

V2324Cyg - an F-type star with fast wind

For the first time high-resolution optical spectroscopy of the variable star V2324Cyg associated with the IR-source IRAS20572+4919 is made. More than 200 absorption features (mostly FeII, TiII, CrII, YII, BaII, and YII) are identified within the wavelength interval 4549-7880AA. The spectral type and rotation velocity of the star are found to be F0III and Vsini=69km/s, respectively. HI and NaID lines have complex PCyg-type profiles with an emission component. Neither systematic trend of radial velocity Vr with line depth Ro nor temporal variability of Vr have been found. We determined the average heliocentric radial velocity Vr=-16.8\pm 0.6km/s. The radial velocities inferred from the cores of the absorption components of the H$\beta$ and NaI wind lines vary from -140 to -225km/s (and the expansion velocities of the corresponding layers, from about 120 to 210km/s). The maximum expansion velocity is found for the blue component of the split H$\alpha$ absorption: 450km/s for December 12, 1995. The model atmospheres method is used to determine the star's parameters: Teff=7500K, log g=2.0, $\xi_t$=6.0km/s, and metallicity, which is equal to the solar value. The main peculiarity of the chemical abundances pattern is the overabundance of lithium and sodium. The results cast some doubt on the classification of V2324Cyg as a post-AGB star.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figure

Excitability in autonomous Boolean networks

We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that excitable systems can be built with autonomous Boolean networks. Their experimental implementation is realized with asynchronous logic gates on a reconfigurabe chip. When these excitable systems are assembled into time-delay networks, their dynamics display nanosecond time-scale spike synchronization patterns that are controllable in period and phase.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Europhysics Letters (epljournal.edpsciences.org