31 research outputs found
Manageable droplet infections in the Dobrich region - past, present and future
ΠΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅: Π ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π° Π₯ΠΠ₯ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π₯Π₯ Π²Π΅ΠΊ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π·Π° ΡΠΌΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΡΠ±Π°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ
Π° Π΄ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ»Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π· 1980 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΏΡΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π° Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈ - ΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΠ²Π° ΡΠ° Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ, Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ ΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π° Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ Π½Π°Π΄Π·ΠΎΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ Π΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΈΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠ° ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡ
.Π¦Π΅Π» ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ: ΠΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° 1995- 2012 Π³ΠΎΠ΄.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: ΠΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈ Π½Π° Π ΠΠ, ΠΠ, ΠΠ¦ΠΠΠ, Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π΅, Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ: ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, ΠΊΠΎΠΈΡΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΌΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ, Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π·Π³Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ (1995-2012 Π³.), ΡΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅ Π±Π°Π²Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ, ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ·Π°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎ Ρ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎ.ΠΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ: ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π·Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ 18-Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ (1995- 2012 Π³.) Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ (1996 Π³., 2001 Π³., 2002 Π³., 2003 Π³., 2004 Π³.). Π£ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ - ΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠ° Ρ Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠΏΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π²Π°.Introduction: In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century the main cause of mortality in the world was infectious diseases. Scientific advances in the fight against infectious diseases led to the eradication of smallpox in 1980 and implementation of international programs for the eradication of others - measles, mumps, congenital rubella and others. These are vaccine-preventable infections (the socalled manageable infections), for which objective criteria for epidemiological surveillance have been introduced, that allow for timely adjustments in immunization programs and to influence their morbidity.Purpose and tasks: To investigate the registered total infectious and manageable droplet morbidity in the Dobrich region for the 1995-2012 period.Materials and Methods: Reports, analysis of RHI (Regional Health Inspectorate), MH (Ministry of Health), NCIPD (National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases), epidemiological study, epidemiological analysis, statistical methods.Results: We observed the main indicators of epidemiological analysis, which include morbidity, mortality, lethality and incidence by age groups, for a long period (years 1995-2012), since the impact of immunotherapy in droplet infections is a slow process, related to age as well as to government immunization policies.Conclusions: The total infectious morbidity in Dobrich for the studied 18 years period (1995- 2012) was around or below the national average with exception of a few years (1996, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004). The manageable droplet infections - measles, mumps, and rubella have low or no morbidit
Recommended from our members
Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce apoptosis in myeloid leukemia by suppressing autophagy
Histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibitors (HDACis) are well characterized anti-cancer agents with promising results in clinical trials. However, mechanistically little is known regarding their selectivity in killing malignant cells while sparing normal cells. Gene expression-based chemical genomics identified HDACis as being particularly potent against Down syndrome associated myeloid leukemia (DS-AMKL) blasts. Investigating the anti-leukemic function of HDACis revealed their transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of key autophagic proteins, including ATG7. This leads to suppression of autophagy, a lysosomal degradation process that can protect cells against damaged or unnecessary organelles and protein aggregates. DS-AMKL cells exhibit low baseline autophagy due to mTOR activation. Consequently, HDAC inhibition repressed autophagy below a critical threshold, which resulted in accumulation of mitochondria, production of reactive oxygen species, DNA-damage and apoptosis. Those HDACi-mediated effects could be reverted upon autophagy activation or aggravated upon further pharmacological or genetic inhibition. Our findings were further extended to other major acute myeloid leukemia subgroups with low basal level autophagy. The constitutive suppression of autophagy due to mTOR activation represents an inherent difference between cancer and normal cells. Thus, via autophagy suppression, HDACis deprive cells of an essential pro-survival mechanism, which translates into an attractive strategy to specifically target cancer cells
RIPping the Skin Apart : Necroptosis Signaling in Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare but potentially fatal drug hypersensitivity reaction. Although a number of pathophysiological hints have been identified over the past decade, details of the effector mechanisms within the skin remain obscure. A novel study by Kim et al. now sheds light on its pathophysiology. The investigators demonstrate convincingly that receptor-interacting kinase 3 (RIPK3) levels are upregulated substantially in the lesional skin of patients with TEN and that this is followed by the generation of reactive oxygen species, activation of mixed lineage kinase-like protein, and subsequent necroptotic cell death of keratinocytes. These data suggest that therapies that interfere with RIPK3 activation and necroptosis induction could benefit patients with TEN