Behavioral interventions in adolescents and young adults with high-functioning ASD: Improvement, generalization, and maintenance of adaptive skills

Contains fulltext : 107697.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 20 juni 2013Promotores : Didden, H.C.M., Verhoeven, L.T.W. Co-promotor : Huskens, B.E.B.M.239 p

Aanleren en begeleiden van praktische vaardigheden aan jongeren met ASS: een rangorde in hulpmiddelen

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Zelfmanagement bij kinderen en adolescenten met ASS

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Toegepaste gedragsanalyse bij hoogfunctionerende jongvolwassenen met een autismespectrumstoornis. Een casusbeschrijving

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Task engagement in young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders: Generalization effects of behavioral skills training

Item does not contain fulltextThis study evaluated the effectiveness of a behavioral skills training package on task engagement in six young adults with high-functioning ASD who worked in a regular job-training setting. Experimental sessions were implemented in a small-group training format in a therapy room using unknown tasks. Data were collected on participant's off-task behavior and questions for help as well as on staff's behavior in the regular setting during regular job tasks (i.e., generalization). Intervention consisted of discrimination training, self-management strategies, behavioral practice, corrective feedback, and reinforcement. Following intervention, a significant decrease was found in percentage off-task behavior in the regular setting while performing regular job tasks. No changes were found in questions for help by participants or in behavior of staff. Effects were maintained at 6-week follow-up and at 6-month follow-up outcomes were still beneath baseline levels. Findings are discussed in relation to future research

Zelfredzaamheidtraining

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A personal digital assistant for improving independent transitioning in adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder

Item does not contain fulltextObjective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a personal digital assistant (PDA) on independent transitioning between activities in a day treatment centre for youth with high-functioning ASD. Methods: Within a multiple baseline design across four participants, data were collected on participant's transitioning and staff's prompting behaviour. Intervention by staff consisted of one technical instruction session on use of the PDA and non-specific instruction following incorrect transitions while not using the PDA, in the natural setting. Results: Analysis revealed a significant increase in percentage independent daily transitions, which resulted from the independent use of the PDA. The change in staff's prompt use during intervention was mainly the result of a significant decrease in the use of non-specific prompts in correcting participant's transition behaviour. Conclusion: A brief intervention was effective in improving independent transitioning using a PDA. Findings are evaluated in light of their clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed

Effectiveness of behavioral skills training on staff performance in a job training setting for high-functioning adolescents with autism spectrum disorders

Contains fulltext : 90256.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)Few studies have focused on improving staff performance in naturalistic training settings for high-functioning adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Behavioral skills training, consisting of group instruction and supervisory feedback, was used to improve staff performance on (a) providing positive reinforcement, (b) providing error correction, and (c) initiating opportunities for students to show the target response (i.e. asking for help). Also changes in students' target response and generalization of staff performance were evaluated. Data were collected in a multiple baseline design across three staff skills. There were improvements in all staff skills and changes in 'error correction' as a result of intervention were statistically significant. Improvements in staff skills were maintained over time. Effects of intervention on students' target responses and generalization of staff performance, however, were limited. Staff evaluated the intervention as effective and acceptable. Implications of the findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.10 p

An outpatient group training programme for improving leisure lifestyle in high-functioning young adults with ASD: A pilot study

Contains fulltext : 95141.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)Objective: This study examined the effectiveness of an outpatient programme on the leisure lifestyle of high-functioning young adults living at home or at an independent setting. Methods: A pre-test–post-test control group design was used. Participants (n = 12) completed self-reports on (a) need for leisure support, (b) leisure engagement and (c) satisfaction with leisure lifestyle. The programme consisted of cognitive-behavioural techniques. Results: Significant within-group changes for the experimental group (n = 7) were found, indicating decreases in ‘need for leisure support’, more regular leisure engagement patterns and an increase in ‘leisure satisfaction’ following the programme. Between-group statistics reveal medium and large effect sizes for decreases in need for leisure support and a medium effect size for increase in ‘leisure satisfaction’, all in favour of the experimental group. Results regarding ‘leisure engagement’ were less clear. Conclusion: The preliminary programme was effective in improving leisure lifestyle and suggestions for future research are discussed