An evaluation of cell proliferation and adhesion on vertically-aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube films

FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOBiocompatibility tests were performed on vertically-aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) films produced by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition on titanium substrates with iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) as catalysts. The cell adhesion and morphology of L-929 mouse fibroblast cells were studied by high resolution scanning electron microscopy, after up to 7 days incubation periods. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated by two "in vitro" tests: (1) 2-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-3,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and (2) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Low level of bioavailable Fe and Ni was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Neither functionalization nor purification of MWCNT films was necessary to obtain good response to the biocompatibility tests. Efficient cell growth and non-toxicity suggest the use MWCNTs in tissue regeneration. The MWCNT films stimulated the cell growth, showing a proliferation 20% higher than on Ti481245254FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFAPESP [08/116425, 07/00013-4]08/116425; 07/00013-

Biocompatibility Differences Between Dispersed And Vertically-aligned Carbon Nanotubes: An In Vitro Assays Review

An overview about carbon nanotube (CNT) production and quality parameters will be presented, as well a review of current literature about "in vitro"assays commonly used to evaluate the biocompatibility of CNT. The limits of colorimetric assays for CNTs evaluation will be discussed, using comparisons between dispersed CNT and CNT arrays. The influence of nanotopography and wettability of CNT scaffolds for cell adhesion will be shown. Studies carried out in our laboratories with vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT) will also be presented. We have shown the interaction among CNT (VACNT) and four cell lines: mouse fibroblasts (L-929), mouse embryo fibroblast (C57/BL6) with or without green fluorescent protein (GFP) and human osteoblast (SaOS-2). The biocompatibility tests were performed with in vitro tests on raw-VACNT and after superficial modification by O2 plasma, which changes its hydrophobic character. The non-toxicity, cell viability, proliferation and cell adhesion were evaluated by: (i) 2-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thioazoly)-3,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; (ii) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay; (iii) neutral red (NR) assay; (iv) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM); and fluorescence microscopy. The influence of catalyst type, VACNT density and superficial modification were evaluated by morphological, structural and superficial techniques: SEM, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, contact angle (CA) and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). High cell viability, exceptional cell adhesion and preference were achieved. © 2009 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 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