Predicting growth and curve progression in the individual patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: design of a prospective longitudinal cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Scoliosis is present in 3-5% of the children in the adolescent age group, with a higher incidence in females. Treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is mainly dependent on the progression of the scoliotic curve. There is a close relationship between curve progression and rapid (spinal) growth of the patient during puberty. However, until present time no conclusive method was found for predicting the timing and magnitude of the pubertal growth spurt in total body height, or the curve progression of the idiopathic scoliosis.</p> <p>The goal of this study is to determine the predictive value of several maturity indicators that reflect growth or remaining growth potential, in order to predict timing of the peak growth velocity of total body height in the individual patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Furthermore, different parameters are evaluated for their correlation with curve progression in the individual scoliosis patient.</p> <p>Methods/design</p> <p>This prospective, longitudinal cohort study will be incorporated in the usual care of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. All new patients between 8 and 17 years with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (Cobb angle >10 degrees) visiting the outpatient clinic of the University Medical Center Groningen are included in this study. Follow up will take place every 6 months. The present study will use a new ultra-low dose X-ray system which can make total body X-rays. Several maturity indicators are evaluated like different body length dimensions, secondary sexual characteristics, skeletal age in hand and wrist, skeletal age in the elbow, the Risser sign, the status of the triradiate cartilage, and EMG ratios of the paraspinal muscle activity.</p> <p>Correlations of all dimensions will be calculated in relationship to the timing of the pubertal growth spurt, and to the progression of the scoliotic curve. An algorithm will be made for the optimal treatment strategy in the individual patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This study will determine the value of many maturity indicators and will be useful as well for other clinicians treating children with disorders of growth. Since not all clinicians have access to the presented new 3D X-ray system or have the time to make EMG's, for example, all indicators will be correlated to the timing of the peak growth velocity of total body height and curve progression in idiopathic scoliosis. Therefore each clinician can chose which indicators can be used best in their practice.</p> <p>Trial registration number</p> <p>NTR2048</p

Lecture by Albert Paley, given at Florida International University, December 9, 2012

Albert Paley talks about the evolution of his studio and his work. Introduction by Carol Damian

Sentinel : The Design, Fabrication, and Installation of the Monumental Sculpture by Albert Paley at Rochester Institute of Technology

Edited by James Yarrington.This book chronicles all aspects of the inception of former College at Brockport faculty member Albert Paley\u27s sculpture, Sentinel. Essays by Jim Yarrington, director of RIT campus planning, describe the sculpture’s place in RIT’s unique architectural environment. Sam Hunter, professor emeritus at Princeton University Department of Art and Archaeology, contributes an authoritative essay on the influence of Albert Paley’s work in the context of art history. The book also includes a candid interview with the artist himself, as he discusses his thought process and the engineering decisions that went into the design of the Sentinel. Photographs of the sculpture’s construction are woven throughout the text as compelling documents of its complex installation, culminating with stunning images of the finished artwork.https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/bookshelf/1147/thumbnail.jp

The Artist Responds: Albert Paley and Art Nouveau

By Albert Paley and Davira S. Taragin.https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/bookshelf/1165/thumbnail.jp

Albert Paley, Portals & Gates

By M. Jessica Rowe, with forward & essays by Lynette L. Pohlman ... [et al.].About former College at Brockport faculty member Albert Paley.Albert Paley (b. 1944), modernist American metal sculptor, is the first to receive the coveted Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Institute of Architects - it\u27s highest award to a non-architect.Albert Paley has been active as an artist for over 30 years. Commissioned by both public institutions and private corporations, he has completed more than 50 site-specific works. Notable examples are the Portal Gates, Renwick Gallery of the Smithsonian Institution; Synergy, a ceremonial archway in Philadelphia; Portal Gates for the New York State Senate; and a plaza sculpture for AT & T in Atlanta.Paley\u27s work can be found in the permanent collections of many major museums including the Victoria and Albert Museum, and the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge.https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/bookshelf/1114/thumbnail.jp

Albert Paley : Threshold, Klein Steel

Albert Paley [College at Brockport former faculty member]. Edited by Linda Shearer ; editor, Paola Gribaudo.https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/bookshelf/1078/thumbnail.jp

Albert Paley : Sculpture

The monumental site-specific metal assemblages former College at Brockport faculty member Albert Paley has created over the past three decades place him not only in the forefront of contemporary sculpture but also in the vanguard among artists working in the new, genre-defying area that has been called Archisculpture. This richly illustrated monograph presents the full spectrum of Albert Paley\u27s work. Paley goes beyond creating sculptures that stand as isolated works of art. His sculptures enhance the spaces in which they are placed and, in return, are enhanced by those spaces. He has established himself as an artist who is constantly pushing boundaries, questioning old categories and redefining himself in his own distinctive idiom, at once visionary and persuasively tangible. Noted art historian Donald Kuspit discusses Paley\u27s development as an artist, his virtuosity as a monumental sculptor and his diverse and significant achievements.https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/bookshelf/1069/thumbnail.jp

Differential Expression of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in Normal and Malignant Prostate Cell Lines: Regulation by Cytokines, Cell Signaling Pathways, and Epigenetic Mechanisms

Upregulation of group IIA phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) correlates with prostate tumor progression suggesting prooncogenic properties of this protein. Here, we report data on expression of three different sPLA2 isozymes (groups IIA, V, and X) in normal (PrEC) and malignant (DU-145, PC-3, and LNCaP) human prostate cell lines. All studied cell lines constitutively expressed sPLA2-X, whereas sPLA2-V transcripts were identified only in malignant cells. In contrast, no expression of sPLA2-IIA was found in PrEC and DU-145 cells, but it was constitutively expressed in LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Expression of sPLA2-IIA is upregulated in PC-3 and in PrEC cells by IFN-γ in a signal transducer and activator of transcription-1-dependent manner, but not in LNCaP cells. Additional signaling pathways regulating sPLA2-IIA expression include cAMP/protein kinase A, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, protein kinase C, Rho-kinase, and mitogen-activated/extracellular response protein kinase / extracellular signal-regulated kinase. No deletions were revealed in the sPLA2-IIA gene from DU-145 cells lacking the expression of sPLA2-IIA. Reexpression of sPLA2-IIA was induced by 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine demonstrating that DNA methylation is implicated in the regulation of sPLA2-II. Together, these data suggest that sPLA2-IIA and sPLA2-V, but not sPLA2-X, are differentially expressed in normal and malignant prostate cells under the control of proinflammatory cytokines; epigenetic mechanisms appear involved in the regulation of sPLA2-IIA expression, at least in DU-145 cells