13,921 research outputs found
Observation of topologically protected helical edge modes in Kagome elastic plates
The investigation of topologically protected waves in classical media has
opened unique opportunities to achieve exotic properties like one-way phonon
transport, protection from backscattering and immunity to imperfections.
Contrary to acoustic and electromagnetic domains, their observation in elastic
solids has so far been elusive due to the presence of both shear and
longitudinal modes and their modal conversion at interfaces and free surfaces.
Here we report the experimental observation of topologically protected
helical edge waves in elastic media. The considered structure consists of an
elastic plate patterned according to a Kagome architecture with an accidental
degeneracy of two Dirac cones induced by drilling through holes. The careful
breaking of symmetries couples the corresponding elastic modes which
effectively emulates spin orbital coupling in the quantum spin Hall effect.
The results shed light on the topological properties of the proposed plate
waveguide and opens avenues for the practical realization of compact, passive
and cost-effective elastic topological waveguides
Formation of rectifier with gold nanoclusters
Gold nanoclusters encapsulated with organic molecules are of great interest
for its possible applications in the fields of molecular electronics, catalysis
and medical science. Here we demonstrate that monolayer and bilayer films of
thiol-capped gold nanoclusters can exhibit diode-like properties provided
controlled spatial asymmetry exist between two tunnel junctions used to connect
a thiol capped gold nanoclusters. Current-voltage characteristics of this
rectifier were obtained from conducting probe atomic force microscopy
measurements and also from conventional two probe resistance measurements.
Systematic x-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy measurements were
carried out to characterize the spatial asymmetry introduced by a monolayer of
fatty acid salt gadolinium stearate used to deposit thiol-capped gold
nanocluster molecules on hydrophilic SiO2-Si(001) substrate by Langmuir
Blodgett technique. This information was used to explain prominent
rectification observed in these nano-structured films.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure
Phase transitions in LuIrSi
We report the results of our investigations on a polycrystalline sample of
LuIrSi which crystallizes in the UCoSi type structure
(Ibam). These investigations comprise powder X-ray diffraction, magnetic
susceptibility, electrical resistivity and high temperature (120-300 K) heat
capacity studies. Our results reveal that the sample undergoes a
superconducting transition below 3.5 K. It also undergoes a first order phase
transition between 150-250 K as revealed by an upturn in the resistivity, a
diasmagnetic drop in the magnetic susceptibility and a large anomaly (20-30
J/mol K) in the specific heat data. We observe a huge thermal hysteresis of
almost 45 K between the cooling and warming data across this high temperature
transition in all our measurements. Low temperature X-ray diffraction
measurements at 87 K reveals that the compound undergoes a structural change at
the high temperature transition. Resistivity data taken in repeated cooling and
warming cycles indicate that at the high temperature transition, the system
goes into a highly metastable state and successive heating/cooling curves are
found to lie above the previous one and the resistance keeps increasing with
every thermal cycle. The room temperature resistance of a thermaly cycled piece
of the sample decays exponentialy with time with a decay time constant
estimated to be about 10 secs. The anomaly (upturn) in the resistivity and
the large drop (almost 45%) in the susceptibility across the high temperature
transition suggest that the observed structural change is accompanied or
induced by an electronic transition.Comment: 7 figures, 1 table and 18 reference
Comparison of Erosional Features by Tsunami and Wind Waves
The erosion features from tsunami wave and wind wave are different according to the characteristics of the two kinds of waves. The tsunami wave is a shallow water wave, even in Deep Ocean, with very long wavelength and relatively high especially near shore. It does not break when attacking the shore. It composed of run-up and run-down. The waves which can scour the offshore sea bottom and deposit the sediment mostly sand on the coast called storm or tsunami over washes. The erosion features from storm wave are caused by the breaking waves and wind-driven currents. However, the erosion features from tsunami wave are caused by both run-up and run-down. The scouring pit and trough by tsunami run-down usually are larger and deeper than those by tsunami run-up due to the stronger run-down which flow down slope and carrying debris. Examples of these features on Indian coasts are shown. Investigations of these features are important to the preventive measures for coastal erosion by these natural disasters. The characteristics of the flows of tsunami and wind wave cause the different erosion features and degree of erosion. The morphology of the coast modifies the intensity of the flow and the detail features along the coast. Examples of erosion features by strong wind and tsunami 2004 are shown on the Indian coasts
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