Occult Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting as a Frontal Bone Metastasis: A Case Report

This is a rare case of metastatic follicular carcinoma of thyroid in a patient with no history of thyroid problem. A frontal bone mass was examined microscopically and showed the pattern of metastatic follicular carcinoma. Thyroid ultrasonography then revealed a nodule in left lobe. Total thyroidectomy was done for the patient and microscopic examination confirmed the diagnosis

Testicular papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma: a rare case report and review of the literature

Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary is a common tumor but occurrence of ovarian type papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma in the testis is very rare. Herein we report such a case in a 49-year-old man presenting with testicular swelling. In this tumor, mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis should be excluded by immunohistochemistry. The best treatment is radial orchiectomy and it is very resistant to chemoradiation. Our case was well after orchiectomy and now after a year he is doing well and completely symptom free

The protective effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury via down-regulation of miR-370

Objective(s): Liver transplantation is the most important therapy for end-stage liver disease and ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is indeed a risk factor for hepatic failure after grafting. The role of miRNAs in I/R is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective role of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and ischemic preconditioning on miR-370 expression and tissue injury in hepatic I/R injury. Materials and Methods: In this study, 24 BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups, including sham, I/R, I/R mouse that received MSCs (I/R+MSC) and ischemia preconditioning (IPC) The expression levels of hepatic miR-370, Bcl2 and BAX in male BALB/c mice in different groups including hepatic I/R, hepatic I/R received MSCs, and hepatic I/R with IPC were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. The effect of miR-370 on hepatic I/R was investigated by serum liver enzyme analysis and histological examination. Results: The expression of miR-370 was significantly up-regulated in the mice subjected to hepatic I/R injury as compared with the sham operated mice. Injection of MSCs led to the down-regulation of the serum liver enzymes, expression of miR-370 and BAX, up-regulation of Bcl2 as well as the improvement of hepatic histological damage. IPC led to similar results, but the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Our data suggest that miR-370 affected the Blc2/BAX pathway in hepatic I/R injury, and down- regulation of miR-370 by BM-MSCs efficiently attenuated the liver damage

Povezanost između radiografskih nalaza, magnetske rezonancije i histopatoloških nalaza kod pokusne rupture prednje križne sveze u kunića.

Experimental osteoarthritis (OA) was induced in the knee joints of rabbits and the trend of changes were compared by radiography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and histopathology. Twenty rabbits were randomly divided into two equal groups based on short (30 days) and long-term (180 days) follow ups. In half of the animals in each group (n = 5) OA was induced by sectioning the cranial cruciate ligament and in the other half, only arthrotomy was performed as a sham operation. Radiography and MRI were carried out on days 0 and 30 in the group of short term studies, and on days 0, 90 and 180 in the other group. Histopathological examinations were performed on day 30 in the short-term group after the animals had been sacrificed and in the other group on day 180. The slope of changes over the course of the study between all 3 methods and the grade of changes, were both highest in histopathology, and then in MRI and radiology respectively. The slope of changes was 0.01 for histopathology, 0.009 for MRI and 0.004 for radiology. The ratios of slopes, when compare to each other, were as follows: His./MRI = 1.1, His./Rad. = 2.5, MRI/Rad. = 2.2. Comparison of MRI with radiology revealed that radiology would not show signs of OA when the MRI grade is less than a grade of 0.27. Comparing both imaging techniques with histopathology showed that whenever the histopathological grade was below 0.22, radiology would not show signs of OA involvement, while MRI was capable of showing signs of OA involvement whenever it was more than 0.018 on histopathological grade.Nakon što je u kunića pokusno izazvan osteoartritis koljenog zgloba, trend promjena promatran je pomoću radiografije, magnetske rezonancije (MRI) i patohistoloških nalaza. Dvadeset kunića bilo je metodom slučajnog odabira podijeljeno u dvije jednake skupine od kojih je jedna promatrana tijekom kratkotrajnog (30 dana), a druga tijekom dugotrajnog (180 dana) razdoblja. U polovice životinja iz svake skupine (n = 5) osteoartroza je bila uzrokovana sekcijom prednje križne sveze, a kod druge polovice primijenjena je samo artrotomija kao lažna operacija. Radiografija i magnetska rezonancija obavljene su 0-ti i 30. dan tijekom kratkotrajnog promatranja te 0-ti, 90. i 180. dan kod dugotrajnog promatranja. Histopatološke pretrage obavljene su 30. dan kod kratkotrajnog praćenja nakon što su životinje bile usmrćene, a kod dugotrajnog 180. dan. Slabljenje promjena tijekom promatranja svima trima metodama kao i stupanj promjena pokazali su se najvećima kod histopatoloških nalaza, zatim kod magnetske rezonancije te nakon toga kod radioloških snimki. Slabljenje promjena bilo je 0,01 za histopatološke nalaze, 0,009 za magnetsku rezonanciju i 0,004 za radiološke snimke. Kad se uzmu u obzir međusobni odnosi slabljenja su bila sljedeća: His./MRI = 1,1, His./Rad. = 2,5, MRI/Rad. = 2,2. Usporedba magnetske rezonancije i radiologije potvrdila je da radiologija neće pokazati znakove osteoartritisa kada je stupanj magnetske rezonance niži od 0,27. Usporedbom obje tehnike snimanja s histopatološkim nalazima utvrđeno je da radiologija neće pokazati znakove osteoartritisa kad je stupanj histopatoloških nalaza ispod 0,22. Primjenom magnentske rezonancije moguće je utvrditi znakove osteoartritisa svaki put kada je njezin stupanj veći od 0,018 u odnosu na stupanj histopatoloških nalaza

Protective effects of melatonin against oxidative stress induced by metabolic disorders in the male reproductive system: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rodent models

BackgroundMale infertility is a multifaceted issue that has gained scientific interest due to its increasing rate. Studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress is involved in male infertility development. Furthermore, metabolic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, hypo- and hyperthyroidism, are risk factors for male infertility, and oxidative stress is believed to contribute to this association. Melatonin, functioning as an oxidative scavenger, may represent a promising therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorder-associated male infertility.Material and methodsWe systematically searched three online databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) for studies that evaluated the effects of melatonin therapy on metabolic disorders-induce infertility in male rodents. The favorable outcomes were histopathological parameters of testicular tissue, reproductive hormones, and markers of oxidative stress. Then, meta-analyses were done for each outcome. The results are reported as standardized mean difference (Cohen’s d) and 95% confidence interval.Results24 studies with 31 outcomes were included. Rats and mice were the subjects. Studies have employed obesity, diabetes, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hyperlipidemia, and food deprivation as metabolic disorders. To induce these disorders, a high-fat diet, high‐fructose diet, leptin, streptozotocin, alloxan, carbimazole, and levothyroxine were used. The outcomes included histopathologic characteristics (abnormal sperm morphology, apoptotic cells, apoptotic index, Johnsen’s testicular biopsy score, seminiferous epithelial height, tubular basement membrane thickness, tubular diameter, sperm count, and motility), weight-related measurements (absolute epididymis, testis, and body weight, body weight gain, epididymal adipose tissue weight, and relative testis to body weight), hormonal characteristics (androgen receptor expression, serum FSH, LH, and testosterone level), markers of oxidative stress (tissue and serum GPx and MDA activity, tissue CAT, GSH, and SOD activity), and exploratory outcomes (serum HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood glucose level). The overall pooled effect sizes were statistically significant for all histopathological characteristics and some markers of oxidative stress.ConclusionsMelatonin can reduce damage to male rodents’ gonadal tissue and improve sperm count, motility, and morphology in metabolic diseases. Future clinical studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of melatonin for male infertility in patients with metabolic diseases

A Shot That Hits the Tumor: Incidental Finding of Early Colon Cancer in a Gunshot Wound Specimen—The Role of Pathologic Examination

This report presents incidental finding of early colorectal cancer in an adult patient with gunshot injury. The patient was a 41 y/o man, transferred to our center due to gunshot wound to his abdomen and back. A well differentiated adenocarcinoma, stage I, was incidentally identified during pathologic examination on his segmental proctectomy specimen. This singular case highlights the necessity of caring for all removed tissues, indicating how important they are for both clinicians and pathologists

موسیقی‌درمانی در ایران باستان تا عصر تیموریان

Music as a scholar science is comparator of tunes with melodies and art of saying the emotions also it had a main role in management of disease. Music makes a revolution in spirit and cause an exhilaration which has been noticed by the sages from ancient of Iran. The doctors were familiar with practical music and knew it’s characteristics to cure. They discuss about music as a medicinal tools in their books. Purpose of this study is collecting all the ideas about music therapy and effect of music on health from ancient of Iran until Teymooriyan age. It is noticed to some part of Islamic civilization beside it too. Actually, this study gathered some ideas about music therapy until the 9th age. Music therapy had a role in plan of management of diseases among the physicians in the past.موسیقی که طبق اعتقاد حکما، علم تألیف الحان و ادوار و نغمات و هنر بیان احساسات و عواطف و سبب انبساط و انقلاب روح بوده است، در پزشکی و درمان جایگاه ویژه‌ای داشته است. موسیقی‌درمانی در پزشکی ایران نیز از جایگاه والایی برخوردار بوده و بسیاری از پزشکان به موسیقی علمی و عملی آشنایی داشته و از ویژگی درمانی موسیقی آگاه بوده و در آثار خود پیرامون آن بحث کرده‌ و از آن به عنوان ابزاری جهت نگاهداشت تندرستی و یا درمان بسیاری از بیماری‌های روحی و جسمی سود برده‌اند. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی مختصری از کاربرد موسیقی‌درمانی در ایران باستان و بخشی از دوران تمدن اسلامی با تکیه بر آرای برخی پزشکان موسیقیدان تا قرن نهم هجری قمری است

Adult Mesoblastic Nephroma: ACase ReportAdult Mesoblastic Nephroma: A Case Report

Mesoblastic nephroma is a rare entity in adulthood. We report a case of mesoblastic nephroma in a 35-year-old woman who presented with left flank pain. Computed tomography images favored a soft tissue mass in the upper pole of the left kidney. The lesion was excised and sent for pathological analysis. Pathological and immunohisto-chemical studies favored a diagnosis of mesoblastic nephroma

Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma of ovary: A case report and review of literature

Occurrence of a malignant sebaceous tumor in the setting of ovarian mature cystic teratoma is exceptionally rare in gynecological pathology; to date, 11 cases have been documented in the literature. Here, we present the case of a 71 year-old lady with an aggressive stage III ovarian sebaceous carcinoma arising in a long standing mature teratoma which harbors aberrant p53 expression and discuss its clinicopathological findings with a review of literature. Additionally, we commented on possible prognostic significance of aberrant p53 expression in this rare entity