Oxide ion conductors for solid oxide cells

International audienc

The Th1 immune response against HIV-1 Gag p24-derived peptides in mice expressing HLA-A02.01 and HLA-DR1

Using HLA-DR1-transgenic H-2 class II knockout mice, we identified two new HLA-DR1-restricted HIV-1 Gag p24-derived epitopes (Gag321–340 and Gag331–350) and confirmed the immunogenicity of seven that have been previously described. The human relevance was confirmed for the two new ones (Gag321–340 and Gag331–350) assaying peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HLA-DR1+ HIV-1-infected long-term asymptomatic subjects and showing that Gag331–350 could prime CD4+ T cells from two HLA-DR1+ HIV-1 seronegative donors in vitro. Seven of these epitopes, structurally conserved among HIV-1 clade B isolates, were selected for a comparative evaluation of their Th1 helper potential by immunizing HLA-A02.01/HLA-DR1-transgenic, H-2 class I/class II knockout mice with recombinant mouse invariant chain constructs in which each helper epitope was inserted in association with two reporter HIV-1-derived HLA-A02.01-restricted CD8+ T cell epitopes. A T helper effect was demonstrated in all cases, and was particularly strong with epitopes Gag301–320, Gag321–340 and Gag271–290, which should, therefore, be considered in the design of new vaccines

Caractérisations des matériaux d’électrodes pour SOFCs de type Ca3Co4O9+

National audienc

Etude de matériaux d’électrode de type cobaltite pour applications énergie

National audienc

Overview of innovative cobaltite electrode materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and electrolysers

International audienc

Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients

International audienceThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 disease in the French national population of dialysis patients, their course of illness and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality. Our study included all patients on dialysis recorded in the French REIN Registry in April 2020. Clinical characteristics at last follow-up and the evolution of COVID-19 illness severity over time were recorded for diagnosed cases (either suspicious clinical symptoms, characteristic signs on the chest scan or a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 1,621 infected patients were reported on the REIN registry from March 16th, 2020 to May 4th, 2020. Of these, 344 died. The prevalence of COVID-19 patients varied from less than 1% to 10% between regions. The probability of being a case was higher in males, patients with diabetes, those in need of assistance for transfer or treated at a self-care unit. Dialysis at home was associated with a lower probability of being infected as was being a smoker, a former smoker, having an active malignancy, or peripheral vascular disease. Mortality in diagnosed cases (21%) was associated with the same causes as in the general population. Higher age, hypoalbuminemia and the presence of an ischemic heart disease were statistically independently associated with a higher risk of death. Being treated at a selfcare unit was associated with a lower risk. Thus, our study showed a relatively low frequency of COVID-19 among dialysis patients contrary to what might have been assumed