Evaluation of the Cariogram for root caries prediction

<p>The relative expression of plasma proteins at 24, 48 and 96 hpi of infected snails were compared against the control group (uninfected snails). Proteins were grouped into 7 different categories based on GO annotation and clustering was performed using Euclidean distances based on the expression patterns. Color intensity reflects the corresponding log₂ fold change and significant up-regulation shown in red, significant down-regulation is shown in blue, and no statistically significant change in abundance is shown in gray.</p

Protocol workflow.

<p>Schematic workflow of the protocol followed for the identification and quantification of proteins in the hemolymph of <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i>-infected <i>Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos</i> snails.</p

Gene Ontology analysis.

<p>A Gene Ontology analysis showing the significantly differentially expressed proteins was performed using Blast2Go [<a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005104#pntd.0005104.ref050" target="_blank">50</a>]. The most abundant gene ontology terms “molecular function” (A) and “biological process” (B) from hemocytes (closed bars) and plasma (open bars) of <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i>-infected <i>Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos</i> snails have been plotted.</p

Summary results from SWATH-MS analysis.

<p>The number of proteins, peptides, precursors and transitions in spectral reference library, filtered at protein FDR 1% and proteins in SWATH-MS datasets are reported. Proteins with statistically significantly differential expression are shown in the bottom half of the table, including the non-redundant total of statistically significant differentially expressed proteins from all time points, as well as numbers of proteins up-regulated and down-regulated within each time point (24, 48 and 96 hpi). Analyses were carried out using MS Stats.</p

Volcano plot of the significantly differentially expressed proteins.

<p>Differentially expressed proteins in hemocytes (A) and plasma (B) of <i>Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos</i> following infection with <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i> at different time points (24, 48 and 96 hpi) compared to controls. Volcano plots showing log₂-fold changes plotted against log₂ <i>P</i>-values. Blue dots represent proteins with significantly down-regulated expression, while red dots represent proteins with significantly up-regulated expression. Proteins of interest discussed in the text have been labelled.</p