Aviation Data Mining

We explore different methods of data mining in the field of aviation and their effectiveness. The field of aviation is always searching for new ways to improve safety. However, due to the large amounts of aviation data collected daily, parsing through it all by hand would be impossible. Because of this, problems are often found by investigating accidents. With the relatively new field of data mining we are able to parse through an otherwise unmanageable amount of data to find patterns and anomalies that indicate potential incidents before they happen. The data mining methods outlined in this paper include Multiple Kernel Learning algorithms, Hidden Markov Models, Hidden Semi-Markov Models, and Natural Language Processing

Dynamical masses of quarks in quantum chromodynamics

Using Dyson-Schwinger equations we obtain an ultraviolet asymptotics for the dynamical mass of quark in QCD. We also determine a numerical value for the \pi meson decay constant f_\pi.Comment: Electronic version of the published paper, latex, 4 page

Deep H I observations of the compact high-velocity cloud HVC125+41-207

We present deep HI observations of the compact high-velocity cloud HVC125+41-207 using the 100-m Effelsberg telescope. Our goal was in particular to study the warm neutral medium (WNM) in detail. The Effelsberg data reveal a two phase core/halo structure - one component with a velocity width of FWHM approx 5 km/s (Westerbork data show FWHM approx 2 km/s, Braun & Burton 2000) and one with FWHM approx 18 km/s. The column density distribution of the warmer component is highly asymmetric and shows a head-tail structure. We performed a Gaussian decomposition of the cloud and found that 52% of the HI mass of the cloud is in the WNM. 24% of the WNM is located in the tail. The overall structure and the systematic variation of the observational parameters radial velocity, velocity dispersion and column density indicate that this cloud is currently interacting with the ambient medium. The Westerbork HI data of this HVC (Braun & Burton 2000) reveal an interesting dense condensation. Assuming that this condensation is virialized and in pressure equilibrium with the ambient medium, we derive a distance of 130 kpc for HVC125+41-207. Following these considerations, it is possible to constrain the parameters n_IGM 1.1 10^5 K of the intergalactic medium of the Local Group

Cyanobacteria-based bioprocess for cosmetic products—cyanobium sp. as a novel source of bioactive pigments

As a producer of pigments with known bioactive potential, cyanobacteria are a great source of active ingredients for cosmetics (i.e., carotenoids and phycobiliproteins). Multiple phases in the cyanobacteria-based bioprocess led to the obtention of these compounds. The marine Cyanobium sp. LEGE 06113 has been proposed as a promising source for pigments for cosmetic uses, and it has been optimized in the past few years in terms of production, extraction, and application of pigment extracts. This report aims at providing an overview of the cyanobacteria-based bioprocess, regarding optimization strategies, consolidating into a proposed bioprocess for this cyanobacterium. The optimization of Cyanobium sp. included strategies regarding its production (culture medium, light, temperature, pH and salinity) and extraction (successive solvent extraction and ohmic heating). After the optimization, the two pigment-rich extracts (carotenoids and phycobiliproteins) were assessed in terms of their cosmetic potential and compatibility as an ingredient. Finally, aiming a scale-up proposal, life cycle assessment (LCA) was used as tool for a sustainable process. Ultimately, the proposed process gives the possibility to obtain two stable cosmetic ingredients from the same biomass and applied as anti-agent agents, especially due to their high anti-hyaluronidase capacity. Moreover, there remain challenges and information regarding novel cosmetic ingredient regulations were also discussed.This work was co-supported by a PhD fellowship granted to author F.P. [SFRH/BD/136767/2018] funded by Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) under the auspices of Operational Program Human Capital (POCH), supported by the European Social Fund and Por tuguese funds (MECTES); as well as by the national funds through FCT, (UIDB/04423/2020 and UIDP/04423/2020) to CIIMAR and (UIDB/04469/2020) to CEB.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Millimetre-VLBI Monitoring of AGN with Sub-milliarcsecond Resolution

Global millimetre VLBI allows detailed studies of the most central jet regions of AGN with unprecedent spatial resolution of a few 100-1000 Schwartzschild radii to be made. Study of these regions will help to answer the question how the highly relativistic AGN jets are launched and collimated. Since the early 1990s, bright mm-sources have been observed with global 3 mm VLBI. Here we present new images from an ongoing systematic analysis of the available observations. In particular, we focus on the structure and structural evolution of the best observed AGN jets, taking 3C 454.3 as a characteristic example. This core-dominated and highly variable quasar shows a complex morphology with individual jet components accelerating superluminally towards the outer structure. We briefly discuss the X-ray properties of 3C 454.3 and present its radio- to X-ray large-scale brightness distribution.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the 7th EVN Symposium held in Toledo, Spain in October 2004, needs evn2004.cl

Keys to the Mammals and Mammal Skulls of the Northern Coastal Plain of Virginia

This publication is designed to function as a tool for the identification of mammal species that occur on the Coastal Plain of northern Virginia. We provide whole-body and skull keys to the 40 species that occur in this region. Baseline data for this work were collected during several studies conducted on Fort A.P. Hill, Caroline County. The intended audience includes interested naturalists, teachers, students, field biologists, and natural resource managers

Extraction of pigments from microalgae and cyanobacteria - A review on current methodologies

Pigments from microalgae and cyanobacteria have attracted great interest for industrial applications due to their bioactive potential and their natural product attributes. These pigments are usually sold as extracts, to overcome purification costs. The extraction of these compounds is based on cell disruption methodologies and chemical solubility of compounds. Different cell disruption methodologies have been used for pigment extraction, such as sonication, homogenization, high-pressure, CO2 supercritical fluid extraction, enzymatic extraction, and some other promising extraction methodologies such as ohmic heating and electric pulse technologies. The biggest constrain on pigment bioprocessing comes from the installation and operation costs; thus, fundamental and applied research are still needed to overcome such constrains and give the microalgae and cyanobacteria industry an opportunity in the world market. In this review, the main extraction methodologies will be discussed, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages for each kind of pigment, type of organism, cost, and final market.Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) under the auspices of Operational Program Human Capital (POCH), supported by the European Social Fund and Portuguese funds (MECTES); as well as by the national funds through FCT within the scope of UIDB/04423/2020, UIDP/04423/2020 and UIDB/04469/2020info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Color dielectric model with two scalar fields

SU(2) Yang-Mills theory coupled in a non-minimal way to two scalar fields is discussed. For the massless scalar fields a family of finite energy solutions generated by an external, static electric charge is found. Additionally, there is a single solution which can be interpreted as confining one. Similar solutions have been obtained in the magnetic sector. In case of massive scalar fields the Coulomb problem is investigated. We find that asymptotic behavior of the fields can also, for some values of the parameter of the model, give confinement of the electric charge. Quite interesting one glueball--meson coupling gives the linear confining potential. Finally, it is shown that for one non-dynamical scalar field we derive the color dielectric generalization of the Pagels--Tomboulis model.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX, Accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J.

Non-perturbative improvement and renormalization of lattice operators

The Alpha Collaboration has proposed an optimal value for c_SW in the Sheikholeslami-Wohlert action, chosen to remove O(a) effects. To measure hadronic matrix elements to the same accuracy we need a method of finding O(a) improved operators, and their renormalization constants. We determine the Z factors by a non-perturbative method, measuring the matrix elements for single quark states propagating through gauge fields in the Landau gauge. The data show large effects coming from chiral symmetry breaking. This allows us to find the improvement coefficients too, by requiring that the amount of chiral symmetry breaking agrees with that predicted by the chiral Ward identities.Comment: 3 pages, Latex, 2 figures, epsf.sty and espcrc2.sty needed. Talk given at Lattice9

Identifying key environmental indicators in the assessment of the proof-of-concept in pigment production from the marine Cyanobacterium cyanobium sp.

Cyanobacteria have long attracted market interest as a source of natural compounds such as pigments with proven bioactivity (carotenoid and phycobiliproteins). The cultivation and extraction processes for such compounds have been developed at different levels, from laboratory trials to photobioreactors on a demonstration scale. Based on this experience, it is possible to propose how the different stages of the process can be improved based on environmental performance indicators. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology allows to identify the hotspots that represent the greatest environmental impacts and to propose strategies to focus on those stages that can be improved. The general environmental indicators have been identified and the results showed that cyanobacteria cultivation has the greatest influence on environmental impact for all scales considered (from 20 L to 100 m3), which is attributed to the energy requirements. The main changes proposed to reduce the impact should focus on the stages of reactor cleaning, culture medium sterilisation and biomass drying. The implementation of these improvement alternatives can reduce the impact of the production and extraction processes by 85%. This work demonstrates how technological development must go hand in hand with impact assessment to make the best decisions in the overall process.A PhD fellowship [SFRH/BD/136767/2018] for author F.P. was granted by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) under the auspices of Programa Operacional Capital Humano (POCH), supported by the European Social Fund and Portuguese funds (MECTES). This work was financially co-supported by Galician Competitive Research Group (GRC ED431C 2017/29) and to the Cross-disciplinary Research in Environmental Technologies (CRETUS Research Center, ED431E 2018/01) and by the strategical funding from FCT (UIDB/04423/2020 and UIDP/04423/2020) to CIIMAR and (UIDB/04469/2020) to CEB.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio