A rare presentation of acute hyperglycemia with secondary mania: a case report

This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic challenges in consultation-liaison psychiatry in case of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Author report the case of a 60-year-old male who presented to the Psychiatry OPD with first episode of mania. Although hypoglycaemia is known to be associated with multiple psychiatric manifestations, the incidence of psychiatric symptoms and disorders in association with hyperglycaemia is not well reported. This case report highlights the rare presentation of secondary mania in a patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Performance Evaluation of Unscented Kalman Filter for Gaussian and non-Gaussian Tracking Application

State estimation theory is one of the best mathematical approaches to analyze variants in the states of the system or process. The state of the system is defined by a set of variables that provide a complete representation of the internal condition at any given instant of time. Filtering of Random processes is referred to as Estimation, and is a well defined statistical technique. There are two types of state estimation processes, Linear and Nonlinear. Linear estimation of a system can easily be analyzed by using Kalman Filter (KF) but  is optimal only when the model is linear .But  Most of the state estimation problems are nonlinear, thereby limiting the practical applications of the KF and EKF. Unscented Kalman filter and Particle filter are best known for nonlinear estimates. The approach in this paper is to analyze the algorithm for maneuvering target tracking using   bearing only measurements for both Gaussian /Nongaussian distributions where UKF provides better probability of state estimation.  Montecarlo computer simulations are used to analyse the performance .The simulations results showed that UKF provides better performance for Gaussian distributed models compared to the nongaussian models.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v3i1.32

Seminal role of clouds on solar dimming over the Indian monsoon region

In contrast to most of the world where solar dimming has changed over to solar brightening since late eighties, dimming continues unabated over the Indian region. This study investigates new insight into the origin of dimming over India. As the insolation at the surface is controlled by aerosols and clouds, we tried to separate out the two controlling factors by examining clear and cloudy sky days. From 1981-2006, the rate of dimming is found to be twice as large during cloudy conditions (~12 W/m2/decade) compared to that during clear sky conditions (~6 W/m2/decade). The clear sky dimming is attributed to increasing aerosols. While the rate of dimming by clouds is similar during summer and winter monsoon seasons, the increased contribution to dimming by clouds during summer seems to come from increasingly deeper clouds covering increasingly larger area. During winter, dimming in cloudy conditions appears to be due to indirect effect of aerosols

Monsoon circulation induced variability in total column ozone over India

The intra-seasonal variability of daily total column ozone (TCO) over 12 Indian stations has been studied. Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer daily data from May to September for five years (1998-2002) have been utilized in the study. The power spectrum analysis of daily TCO data showed three dominant modes of period 3-8 days (synoptic), 10-20 days (quasi biweekly, qbw) and 30-60 days (Madden Julian Oscillation, MJO), similar to that found in the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall. Mean spatial distribution of the activities of these intra-seasonal modes in TCO variability over the Indian region has been studied. The spatial distribution of the synoptic mode shows the strongest activity over central India. The qbw mode shows strongest activity over northwest India. The MJO mode shows strongest activity over northern most and southern most parts of India

Spatio-Temporal Urban Growth Patterns In The Colombo Urban Fringe, Sri Lanka

Rapid urbanisation and urban growth, in particular, in the developing world require a scientific understanding of spatio-temporal urban growth patterns. This knowledge is highly essential for sustainable land management and urban development planning. Modern GIS technologies have opened up great opportunities in monitoring and managing fast urban growth. However, these techniques have some limitations in decision making for sustainable development. Spatio-temporal urban growth occurs due to changes of the main urban system comprising physical, socio-economic, and environmental subsystems

Psychopathology in patients with psoriasis: a cross-sectional clinical study

Background: Psoriasis is associated with a variety of psychological problems including poor self-esteem, sexual dysfunction, anxiety and depressive disorder and suicidal ideation. There are reports that patients with psoriasis may have significant psychiatric morbidity. The objective of the study is to evaluate the frequency of psychiatric disorders, frequency and nature of psychiatric symptoms in patients with psoriasis.Methods: 100 patients with psoriasis were evaluated and included for the study. Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) is used for assessment of psychiatric symptoms and MINI Plus for assessing psychiatric disorders. Chi-square test was used to compare the proportions.Results: Patients with psoriasis had high frequency of psychiatric morbidity and was found to be 42%.Conclusions: Patients with psoriasis have more psychopathology and higher psychiatric morbidity which may further imply justifiable consultation liaison psychiatry in other speciality fields like Dermatology

Neuropsychiatric manifestations in patient with normal pressure hydrocephalus improved with therapeutic lumbar tapping

Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a communicating hydrocephalus without evident obstruction of the normal pathway of CSF flow. Normal-pressure hydrocephalus is a common cause of reversible dementia and it can also present with various psychiatric symptoms. A 76-year old man was brought to psychiatry OPD with history suggestive of decreased need for sleep for 8 days, disinhibited behaviour, increased libido, increased activity and increased talk for 4 days. On examination patient was noticed to be having increased psychomotor activity with increased talk, mood reported to be happy with elated affect, no content or perceptual disturbances were elicited. Cognitive functions were within normal limits. Personal and social judgement was impaired with grade 0 insight. General physical and systematic examinations were within normal limits. MRI reports showed ventricular enlargement suggestive of normal pressure hydrocephalus. Patient underwent diagnostic and therapeutic lumbar tapping. There was significant improvement in patient’s behavioural symptoms following therapeutic lumbar tapping. Therapeutic lumbar tapping in this case of normal pressure hydrocephalus was effective in the management of manic symptoms. Early identification of organic cause in late onset psychiatric disorders is necessary. Prompt intervention of the organic cause was effective in the management of manic symptoms

Drug-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions in dermatology in Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Medical College

Background: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) affect 2-3% of hospitalized patients. The severity varies from mild itching to life-threatening Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Hence, this study was undertaken to emphasize the need to report ADRs.Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Dermatology in Dr. B.R Ambedkar Medical College Hospital from June to December 2012. Naranjo’s algorithm was used to determine the causality of an ADR. Informed consent was obtained from each patient, and thorough clinical examination was conducted. All the information was carefully recorded in a pre-designed proforma. To establish the etiologic agent for a particular type of reaction, attention was paid to the drug history, temporal correlation with the drug, duration of the reaction, morphology of the reaction, associated mucosal or systemic involvement, improvement of lesions on withdrawal of the drug.Results: In the present study, all the age groups were affected with cutaneous ADRs, with a higher incidence in age group between 31 and 40 years, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (41.66%) were most commonly observed drug, followed by anti-microbials (25%) and anti-convulsants (21.66%). Fixed drug eruptions (FDE) (46.66%) most commonly observed cutaneous reaction, followed by SJS (16.66%), erythema multiformae (16.66%) most commonly observed ADRs.Conclusions: ADRs are potentially avoidable causes for seeking medical care. FDE was most common ADR and NSAIDs were most common causative agents in our study. ADRs can be prevented by avoiding polypharmacy, obtaining history of any previous skin reaction and the causative agent