Analysis of 3D segmented anatomical districts through grey-levels mapping

Nowadays, image processing and 3D shape analysis are an integral part of clinical practice and have the potentiality to support clinicians with advanced analysis and visualization techniques. The main contribution of the paper is the integration of these two approaches in order to increase the amount of information available and, thus, allow a more accurate analysis of each patient. Given a segmented anatomical district, we propose a novel mapping of volumetric data onto the segmented surface. The grey levels of the image voxels are mapped through a volume-surface correspondence map, which defines a grey level texture on the segmented surface. The resulting texture mapping is coherent to the local morphology of the segmented anatomical structure and provides an enhanced visual representation of the anatomical district. The integration of volume-based and surface-based information in a unique 3D representation also supports the identification and characterization of morphological landmarks and pathology evaluations

Mapping grey-levels on 3D segmented anatomical districts

The study aims to perform a simple but effective integration of geometric information of segmented 3D bones' surface and density information provided by volume MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Such a representation method could support diagnosis process, biomedical simulation, computed assisted surgery and prosthesis fitting. The input consists of a volume MRI of a carpal district and the corresponding 3D surface model. The algorithm superimposes image and surface, and, once found the image voxel correspondent to each surface point, maps the grey level of the voxels identified on the segmented surface. The output is a surface mesh on which the texture, induced by the MRI, has been mapped. The approach is effective, general and applicable to different anatomical districts. Further elaboration of the results can be used to perform landmark identification or segmentation correction

Fraturas proximais do fêmur em idosos: qual o melhor tratamento? Proximal fracture of the femur on the elderly: what's the best treatment?

As fraturas proximais do fêmur em idosos representam um sério problema dentro do contexto da saúde pública, devido aos elevados custos econômicos para o tratamento e as suas consequências, assim como pela alta taxa de morbidade e mortalidade. O objetivo desse estudo foi discutir quais os tratamentos mais indicados para esse tipo de fratura, em idosos, por meio de uma revisão da literatura. As bases de dados pesquisadas foram MEDLINE, COCHRANE e PEDro. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos publicados nos últimos sete anos; nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol; realizados em seres humanos, sem distinção de gênero e com idade maior que 60 anos; estudos com desenho metodológico de ensaios clínicos, ensaios clínicos aleatorizados e revisões sistemáticas com e sem meta-análise. Foram encontrados sete artigos e após a análise pode se afirmar que não existe um tratamento específico para as fraturas proximais do fêmur em idosos. O tratamento normalmente indicado na maioria dessas fraturas é cirúrgico e requer envolvimento fisioterápico para uma reabilitação adequada. Apesar da dificuldade de comparação entre os estudos, foi observado que uma equipe de profissionais da saúde parece promover uma reabilitação mais efetiva, além de prevenir complicações.<br>The proximal fractures of the femur on the elderly represent a serious problem inside the public health context, because of the high economic costs needed for the treatment and it's consequence, as the high taxes of morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study was to discuss, through a literature revision, which is the most indicated treatment for the proximal fractures of the femur, on the elderly. The researched data bases were MEDLINE, COCHRANE and PEDro. The inclusion criterions were published studies on the last seven years, only on the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages, accomplished on human beings, with no genre distinction and with ages above 60 years old, with methodology draw of clinic research, random clinical research and systematic revisions with and without meta-analyses. Seven articles were found and after the analysis, it can be affirmed that there is no specific treatment for the proximal fractures of the femur on the elderly. The normal treatment indicated in most of these fractures is chirurgic and it requires physiotherapy involvement for an adjusted rehabilitation. Despite of the difficulty to compare the studies, was observed that a team of health professionals seems to promote a more effective rehabilitation, beyond prevent complications