A study of incidence of columnar cell lesions in neoplastic and non –neoplastic lesions of breast

Background: Columnar cell lesions of breast are increasingly being encountered in breast biopsies because of their associated micro calcifications which are detected on mammographic screening.Observational studies suggest the co-existence of Columnar cell lesions with more advanced lesions of breast like Ductal carcinoma in situ,Atypical ductal hyperplasia and Invasive carcinoma. The presence of Columnar cell lesionneeds careful search for otheratypical breast lesionsin proximity. Aim: To study the occurrence of Columnar cell lesions in Neoplastic and NonNeoplastic breast lesions and evaluate the type of lesion with respect to category of breast lesion.Materials and methods: This is an observational study conducted in the Department of Pathology,Gandhi hospitalfrom January 2016 to December 2017.H&E stained sections of Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic breast lesions were reviewed andassociated Columnar cell changes were evaluated.Results:Total200 breast lesions were studiedout of which 134 showed Columnar cell lesions. 90% cases of fibrocystic disease and 60% of fibroadenoma cases were associated with CCL and the predominant type of lesionis Columnar cell change. 80% cases of Ductal carcinoma insituand 40% of Infiltrative duct cell carcinoma cases showed CCL and the common lesion is Columnar cell hyperplasia without atypia.Conclusion: Columnar cell lesions were observed in both Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic breast lesions. Based on previous observational studies cancer risk associated with CCL is only mild on long term follow up. However detection of CCL in biopsy should prompt additional scrutiny for other pathological changes

Emulgel-Novel Trend in Topical Drug Delivery System - Review Article

Aim: The main aim of this present article on emulgels is to compile the recent literatures with special focus on topical delivery of novel emulgels. Back ground: Topical drug delivery system is defined as a direct effect of drug containing medication to the skin to get the effect of drug or to cure disorders. Major disadvantage of conventional gel is that the delivery of hydrophobic drug. This can be overcome by emulgel. Emulgel systems are now a day’s mostly depends on the pharmaceutical scientists due to their substantial potential and act as drug delivery vehicle by adding a broad range of drug molecules. Results: Emulgels are mostly used for the delivery of analgesics, anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-acne drugs and various cosmetic formulations. So to know the potential of emulgel as delivery vehicles, this review gives summary of the ideal properties, formulation and characterization of emulgel.</jats:p